{ "@odata.context": "https://dxaisearch.search.windows.net/indexes('aisearch-indexset-c8d5107d8c564810b2565229dae33007')/$metadata#docs(*)", "@odata.count": 6, "value": [ { "@search.score": 0.5595455, "content": "* * * \r\n* * \r\nStreamlining oil & gas block Licensing process to boost states revenues 12th African Oil, Gas & Minerals, Trade and Finance Conference and Exhibition 4-7 november 2008 Malabo, Equatorial Guinea Jacques NDJAMBA, Partner, in charge of Oil & Gas Industry Laure KENMOGNE, Head, Tax & Legal Department \r\nNOT AN OFFICIAL UNCTAD RECORD \r\nIntroduction Actual situation of the O&G Industry : High interest of industry Stakeholders in Africa Increase of Competition (States vs States, IOC’s vs IOC’s, NOC’s vs IOC’s, etc.) High activity in block licensing Oil block licensing processes : Are the Main Key Success factor for a country’s Oil industry Transparency and competition \r\nin the Block award process \r\n= High revenues and advantages for States. Better follow-up and control of Oil industry\r\n Need to be based on well-considered international models \r\n \r\nThere is a need for tools and structured processes that will enable States to obtain the maximum from the industry.\t\r\n \r\nOil blocks licensing existing procedures in the sub-Saharan African States country\u000b\r\n \r\nDirect negotiation (discretionary bids)\r\n: \r\nDirect negotiation with a company following a contract offer or spontaneous bid Negotiation with many companies following many spontaneous offers on the same block ( kind of « competitive dialogue ») \r\n Public Tenders: Restrictive invitation to tender (Manifestation Of Interest) \r\nCall for bids followed by a restrictive invitation to tender \r\n \r\nCountries main actors in the blocks licensing processes\u000b\r\n Range of actors depends on the state’s oil & gas industry governing body(ies)/system and/or the type of licensing processes used by a country : \r\nNational Oil Company The Ministry in charge of hydrocarbons The Ministry of Finance (for tax aspects) Negotiation Committees The Government (The cabinet) The Presidency of the Republic \r\nThe Parliament\r\n Sometimes : Oil & Gas specialized Consultants (O&G lawyers, O&G Auditors , O&G technicians, etc.) Main problems regarding bidding processes in s-saharan Africa\u000b\r\n The legal and contractual framework \r\nInappropriate/non competitive/non incitative/non secured legal and contractual framework (Hydrocarbons law(s), PSC, Concession, etc.) The relation between existing (or Model) O&G Contracts with prevailing law \r\nDatas availabilty \r\nTechnical datas availability Country’s Oil & Gas industry business plan definition\r\n Evaluation criterias definition \r\nTechnical evaluation criterias \r\nCommercial evaluation criterias (work program commitments, signature bonuses, Oil sharing/taxation elements, local contents elements) \r\nRequirements with respect to health, safety and the environment (HSE).\r\n \r\nThe Niger’s AGADEM block Case\r\n Overview of Niger Extractives Industry as at September 2006 Oil, Gas & Mining industries overview \r\nNiger is the world’s first Uranium producer. The Oil search started in Niger more than 15 years ago ; Several licenses awarded ExxonMobil/Petronas consortium holder of a license (Agadem) for at least 8 years on which : 350 MMbbls have been discovered ; Existence of several prospects in need of complementary work Agadem block is in renewal : the state does not renew the licence to the ExxonMobil/Petronas consortium despite their request for renewal of the license\r\n Overview of Niger Extractives Industry as at September 2006 Legal and contractual framework \r\nThe prevailing Hydrocarbons law is under the Concession regime There is permanent committee dedicated for block licensing negotiations Little expertise exist within the State concerning the Oil & Gas industry (Operationnal, legal/contractual, licensing process, etc.) ; A Consortium of two firms CAC / Drake & Bart are selected as permanent consultants for the government with the aim of : Providing the State staff with technical, economic, legal and contractual aspects trainings related to O&G industry Review all the legal and contractual framework (Law, Contracts models, etc.) Organize the Licensing process Assist the government in O&G Contract negociation \r\nOverview of Niger Extractives Industry as at September 2006 Legal and contractual framework \r\nThe prevailing Hydrocarbons law is under the Concession regime There is permanent committee dedicated for block licensing negotiations Little expertise exist within the State concerning the Oil & Gas industry (Operational, legal/contractual, licensing process, etc.) ; A Consortium of two firms CAC / D&B are selected as permanent consultants for the government with the aim of : Providing the State staff with technical, economic, legal and contractual aspects trainings related to O&G industry Review all the legal and contractual framework (Law, Contracts models, etc.) Organize the Licensing process Assist the government in O&G Contract negociation Agadem Licensing Process \u000bMain Steps \u000b\r\n \r\nRevised and issued a new legal and contractual framework new O&G law and two Contracts Models (PSC and Concession) \r\nAssist in preparing/organizing Data Rooms contents \r\nCollected and made the technical datas of Agadem block available, Made the prevailing law and contracts models available in the data room\r\n Assisted the govt in preparing a business plan based on the existing datas and Country’s O&G industry strategic indicator Assist the govt in preparing the bidding Guidelines \r\nDefined the licensing process schecdule Govt key technical expectations defined as evaluation criterias (e.g. provide the govt with ambitious work program enabling to start field development after three years) Defined govt key commercial expectations as evaluation criterias (signature bonuse, Oil sharing/taxation elements, local contents elements) Defined the steps of the process Agadem Licensing Process \u000bMain Steps \u000b\r\n \r\nPress released of licensing process Letters send to strategic partners Advertisement on specialized newspapers Open (competitive) bidding process Receive 12 bids from IOCs Preselection of Six companies based on the bids Additionnal informations requests to companies pre selected (Bank Guarantees/letters of endorsements, proof of O&G assets operated, etc.) Start negotiating with three (03) companies Agadem Licensing Process \u000bResults /Performance\u000b\r\n \r\nOn June 2nd, after a 18 months licensing process (including law/contracts framework writing), the govt of Niger signed a PSC with the CNODC with the following characteristics : Commitment to pay a signature bonus of 300 MUSD (paid cash on july, 2nd 2008) Commitment (included in an annexure to PSC) to build a crude oil refinery plant of 20,000 bbls/d (in three years time from the date signature) Commitment (included in an annexure to PSC) to build a pipeline of more than 2,000 kms for crude Oil transportation favorable Cost Oil and Tax Oil rates for the State (rates varies depending a R factor ) Minimum participation interest for the National Oil Company of 10% Carried by the Licensee (the NOC have the right to earn up to 20% interest). Cost reimbursement of NOC is limited to the Cost Oil. Fees (success fees) of the Consultants paid by the Licensee \r\nYear 2005 : CAC \r\nspin-off with Ernst & Young; after 24 years of collaboration. Former Ernst & Young team of West Africa Oil Practice. Interventions since 1980 in the Oil industry Consultancy services in the Gulf of Guinea : First audits (before implementation) of MEGI oil for the Govt of Guinea, Legal, Tax and accounting assistance to Oil companies, Oil costs audits and other due diligences on behalf of various clients in theO&G industry in Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Gabon, CAR, Niger, DRC, etc.) Industry specialization. Carrying out high added value engagements for stakeholders ( Revenue Modeling based on Reserves and PSC parameters for the Govt of Congo) Our People is made of high Oil industry experienced individuals : oil engineer (ex-Shlumberger, ex-Halliburton) and oil economists (Ex-Ernst & Young auditors and lawyers trained in business, law and Oil industry schools). \r\nCAC summary presentation…\r\n \r\nOil & Gas credentials in sub-saharan Africa Countries CAC currently has as customers, most companies and national societies operating in the oil industry in Central Africa. Our main references are: Niger (Concession environment and production sharing) : We have assisted Niger’s government during two years: In the writing of its oil code and contracts (Concession, production sharing) In the organisation and launching of applications to tender for the granting of the Agadem licence In the negotiation of oil contracts with oil companies bidders This mission was successfully completed for most parties (negotiation of an ambitous program work, signature bonus of 300 M$, development program of more than 3 000 M$, construction of a refinery of 20 000 bbls/j CAC summary presentation…\r\n \r\nOil & Gas credentials in sub-saharan Africa Countries CAC currently has as customers, most companies and national societies operating in the oil industry in Central Africa. Our main references are: Cameroon (Concession environment and production sharing) : We are auditing, doing financial assessments and/or legal and tax advisory services for most national and private oil companies: Total E&P Cameroon, Pecten(Shell) Cameroon E&P, Perenco Cameroon, Société Nationale des Hydrocarbures (SNH), Fusion Oil & Gas, Cameroon Oil Transportation Company ; Chad (Concession environment) : On behalf of the Chad government, we are auditing companies that are part of the consortium and in charge of the DOBA Project. Those are : ESSO E&P Chad (ExxonMobil Corp. subsidiary), ChevronTexaco E&P Chad, Petronas E&P Chad, Ttchad Oil Transportation Company CAC summary presentation…\r\n \r\nOil & Gas credentials in sub-saharan Africa Countries CAC currently has as customers, most companies and national societies operating in the oil industry in Central Africa. Our main references are: Congo (Production sharing environment and sometimes) : We are auditing and acting as advisor for about four years, most of the major oil companies such as: SNPC, Eni Congo E&P, Total E&P Congo, SONAREP. Each year we are conducting Oil Cost audits on behalf of the government Equatorial Guinea (1997-2000): Mobil Equatorial Guinea Inc (MEGI) for audit jobs and sub-contractors such as : Schlumberger, Baker Hughes, Geoservices, etc. for tax and legal jobs CAC experience in the oil sector and in the sub region has made our firm a privileged interlocutor with oil operators and governments in the sub region and international lenders: We have the following references : * * * * * * * * * * * * * \r\n* * \r\n* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * \r\n", "vector_content": [ 0.012244057, 0.016357226, -0.015584922, -0.0160188, -0.021294765, 0.004620808, -0.011714725, 0.028601283, -0.033391304, 0.01233951, 0.018118775, -0.049635723, 0.014170478, -0.030024406, -0.024904637, 0.039535027, 0.013051071, -0.017676217, 0.02117328, -0.000421947, 0.01666962, -0.035092108, 0.035751604, 0.022526981, 0.013832052, 0.015142366, 0.0079443185, 0.021398896, -0.0028419055, 0.02346416, 0.0058573624, 0.019368345, 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"documentkey": "CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618_BC774587575C4014B61124F4EBCE69B6", "filetype": ".ppt", "versioncount": 1, "linkstatus": 0, "subject": "12th African_ Laure Kenmogne", "documenttype": null, "documentdate": null, "documentdatestr": "", "status": 32768, "statusstr": "32768", "docpages": 0, "docsizekb": null, "created": "2025-01-29T09:09:38Z", "modified": "2025-02-22T18:57:47Z", "operator": "DXServiceAccount", "folderid": "1EC7B320D7F94B66BF4DAEED2CB57F1B", "pid": "0", "documentid": "BC774587575C4014B61124F4EBCE69B6", "documentidalias": "BC774587575C4014B61124F4EBCE69B6", "dbdefid": "CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618", "fielddefid": "C8D5107D8C564810B2565229DAE33007", "docsize": 1522688, "maxversions": 1, "documentviewer": 1, "signoutdate": null, "signoutby": null, "signoutmsg": null, "findbyid": null, "accessed": "2025-02-23T08:03:54Z", "exportfilename": "12th African_ Laure Kenmogne" }, { "@search.score": 0.5538735, "content": ". ........\r\n.. .\r\n98\\/11-4Z\r\nGEOLOGICAL COMPLETION REPORT\r\nCOMPILED BY JAMES N. PARKIN FEBRUARY 1988 :. ..\r\nGAS COUNCIL (EXPLORATION) LTD 59, BRYANSTON STREET LONDON WIA 2AZ\r\nsubject to copyright\r\nThis material is\r\nR3229264\r\nCONTENTS\r\n1.\r\nGENERAL\r\n1.1 General Summary\r\n1.2 Well Location Map\r\n1.3 Summary of Well Data\r\n1.4\r\nWell Drilling Summary\r\n1.5 Well Progress Diagram\r\n1.6 Deviation Survey Data\r\n2.\r\n. GEOLOGY\r\n2.1 Well Summary Log\r\n2.2 Formation Tops\r\n2.3 Stratigraphy and Lithology\r\n2.4 Hydrocarbon Indications\r\n3.\r\nCORE DATA\r\n3.1 Core Record Sheets\r\n3.2 Core Description Sheets\r\n3.3 Routine Core Analysis\r\n3.4 Sidewall Core Record Sheets\r\n3.5 Sidewall Core Descriptions\r\n4. SUMMARY OF LOGGING SERVICES\r\n5. TESTING SUMMARY LIST OF FIGURES\r\n1. Well Location Map\r\n2. Well Progress Diagram\r\n3. Well Summary Log\r\n4\r\n.....\r\n..\r\n·K\\\" 2%\r\n.. 711\r\n- 1 -\r\n1. GENERAL\r\n...\r\n..\r\n+ .\r\n... ..\r\n- 2 -\r\n1.1 GENERAL SUMMARY\r\nPH. ..\r\n- 4 -\r\n1.2 WELL LOCATION MAP\r\n-\r\n-\r\n... ..\r\n1.3 SUMMARY OF WELL DATA\r\n. ..\r\n- 7 -\r\n1.3 SUMMARY OF PERTINENT WELL DATA\r\nLicence\r\nP.406\r\nOperator:\r\nGas Council (Exploration) Limited\r\nInterests:\r\nGC(E) 50%\r\nBP 50%\r\nBlock:\r\n98\\/11\r\nWell Number:\r\n98\\/11-4Z\r\nType:\r\nAppraisal\r\nRig:\r\nOcean Benarmin\r\nContractor:\r\nAtlantic Drilling Company\r\n50° 37' 35.73\\\" N 01° 49' 55.52\\\" W\r\nBottom Hole Location\r\n50° 37' 36.81\\\" N 01° 49' 58.36\\\" W\r\n21 March 1987\r\n15 April 1987\r\n2 May 1987\r\nAylesbeare Mudstone\r\nPlugged and abandoned with oil and gas shows\r\n113 ft\r\n80 ft\r\n7240' MD (-6505' TVDSS)\r\n7229' MD (-6496' TVDSS)\r\n8 1\\/2\\\" to 7240' MD (-6505' TVDSS)\r\n9 5\\/8\\\" casing window @ 3000 ft 7\\\" liner @ 7155 ft\r\nNo. 1 6553' - 6569' Cut 16 ft, recovered 15.45 ft (96.6%)\r\nNo. 2 6608' - 6638' Cut 30 ft, recovered 29 ft (96.7%)\r\n.. .. .....\r\n.. ...\r\nT.D. Formation:\r\nStatus:\r\nKelly Bushing Elevation - AMSL\r\nWater Depth\r\nTotal Depth (Drilled)\r\nTotal Depth (Wireline)\r\nHole Size (Drilled Depth)\r\nCasing Depths:\r\nConventional Cores:\r\nSurface Location:\r\nSpud Date:\r\nT.D. Reached:\r\nCompletion Date:\r\n- -\r\nNo. 3 6638' - 6699' Cut 61 ft, recovered 61 ft (100%)\r\nNo. 4 6699' - 6750' Cut 51 ft, recovered 51 ft (100%)\r\nSidewall Cores:\r\nRun 1, range 3086 ft - 6605 ft\r\nshot 30 recovered 23\r\nWireline Logs: 8 1\\/2\\\" hole 7227 ft DLL\\/MSFL\\/BHC\\/GR 7221 ft LDL\\/CNL\\/NGS 7220 ft SHDT\\/GR 6605 ft CST-C 7000 ft CBL\\/VDL\\/GR\\/CCL\r\nRepeat Formation Tests: Drill Stem Tests:\r\nNone performed\r\nDST, No. 1 - produced 126 bbls of\r\noil and 12 bbls of\r\nwater on a 32\\/64\\\"\r\nchoke over a 17 hour\r\nflow period.\r\nDST No. 2 - Produced an estimated final flow rate of +50000 scf\\/d on a 32\\/64\\\" choke\r\n.n.\r\n- 9\r\nGas Council (Exploration) Limited Representatives\r\nArea Geologist:\r\nP. Bryant\r\nWellsite Geologist:\r\nJ. Parkin\r\nLog Analyst:\r\nM. Bowcock\r\nPetroleum Engineer:\r\nS. Grinham\r\nDrilling Engineer:\r\nN. Hollingworth\r\nD. Crellin\r\nDrilling Supervisors:\r\nH. Rolfe\r\nJ. Kijowski\r\n:\r\n---\r\n- 10 -\r\n1.4 WELL DRILLING SUMMARY\r\n.......\r\n.... .\r\n-- -\r\n1.4 WELL DRILLING SUMMARY\r\nSidetrack operations commenced on the 20th March 1987. The well reached a total depth of 7240ft (-6505 ft TVDSS) on 15th April 1987.\r\nThe drilling progress for the well is outlined in Figure 2. No major problems were encountered. Hole angle in this directional hole was built to 48º and then allowed to drop, penetrating top Sherwood Sandstone target at approximately 40\r\nFollowing two cased hole drill stem tests which were conducted over the gas and oil zones in the Sherwood Sandstone Group, abandonment of well 98\\/11-4Z was completed at 0700 hours on the 2nd May 1987.\r\n... .\r\n-\r\n-\r\n--\r\n1.5 WELL PROGRESS DIAGRAM\r\n- 1 77\r\n.. ..\r\n... +\r\n1.6 DEVIATION SURVEY DATA\r\n......\r\n.. .\r\n3600\r\n+\r\n4200\r\n+\r\n4800\r\n5000\r\n5001\r\n+\r\n5400\r\n+\r\n6000\r\n*\r\n6600\r\n100$ 200\r\n1000\r\nCHEURVEY\r\n** PROPOSAL\r\n+\r\n7200\r\n0\r\n600\r\n600\r\nVERTICAL SECTION DIRECTION - 4 6 00 £\r\nA N\r\nW-\r\nE\r\nS START MD. = 29! FINISH MD. 72(\r\nSCALE IS 600 FEET\\/IN. COURSE LENGTH = 10 .\r\nPLOTTED VALUES SHOWN ARE MEASURED DEPTHS\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n2400 +\r\n+\r\n3000\r\n3134\r\n+\r\nTRUE VERTICAL DEPTH\r\n-\r\n.GAS COUNCIL EXPLORATION 'INAL PLOT FOR 98\\/11-4\r\nSPERRY-SUN [ U. K. ] LIMITED VERTICAL - PROJECTION\r\n-\r\n1800\r\n1200\r\n-\r\nGAS COUNCIL EXPLORATION INAL PLOT FOR 98\\/11-4\r\nSPERRY-SUN C U. K. ] LIMITED HORIZONTAL PROJECTION\r\n₩\r\n1 E\r\n8\r\nSTART MD. = 295€ FINISH MD. = 7208 AXIS IS TRUE NORTH SCALE IS 250 FEET\\/INCH COURSE LENGTH = 10.0(\r\nPLOTTED VALUES SHOWN ARE MEASURED DEPTHS\r\nSURVEY X-\r\n+- NORTH +-\r\n7200\r\n+1750\r\n+\r\n1003\r\n7040\r\n7000\r\n+\r\n1500\r\n+\r\n1250\r\n×\r\n1014\r\n₦\r\n+\r\n1000\r\nLATITUDE VALUES\r\n500\r\n5041\r\n250\r\n+\r\n4000\r\n1022\r\n0\r\n+\r\n+ ¥EST 250\r\n25250\r\n0\r\nDEPARTURE VALUES\r\n...\r\n.\r\n+\r\n750\r\n+\r\n- MX PROPOSALL\r\nPage\r\n1\r\nDirectional survey -\r\nfor\r\nGAS COUNCIL EXPLORATION\r\nJob number\r\n024M 04870875 94\\/11-4\r\nWell number\r\nWell location\r\n..\r\nOCEAN BENARMIN\r\nSurvey date\r\n15th APRIL 1987\r\nSurvey engineer\r\nSTEVE CUSHING\r\nVertical section direction :\r\n6.00\r\nMeas.\r\nVert.\r\nVert.\r\nInc.\r\nDirection\r\nCoordinates\r\nDepth\r\nDepth\r\nSect.\r\nDEG\r\nDEG\r\nLatitude\r\nDeparture\r\nD.Leg \\/100\r\n2956.00\r\n2954.77\r\n-63.17\r\n4.20\r\n215.56\r\n60.16 S\r\n31.99 W\r\n0.21\r\n3134.00\r\n3132.44\r\n-68.11\r\n3.60\r\n283.56\r\n64.15 S\r\n41.22 W\r\n2.46\r\n3225.00\r\n3223.35\r\n-66.14\r\n2.10\r\n349.56\r\n61.84 S\r\n44.30 W\r\n3.68\r\n3318.00\r\n3316.27\r\n-63.02\r\n3.00\r\n58.56\r\n58.90 S\r\n42.53 W\r\n3.21\r\n3410.00\r\n3408.11\r\n-60.08\r\n3.75\r\n66.56\r\n56.45 S\r\n37.72 W\r\n0.96\r\n3502.00\r\n3499.68\r\n-56.24\r\n7.25\r\n72.06\r\n53.46\r\n29.43 W\r\n3.84\r\n3594.00\r\n3590.46\r\n-50.96\r\n11.30\r\n77.06\r\n49.65 S\r\n15.12 W\r\n4.48\r\n3684.00\r\n3678.52\r\n-44.70\r\n12.50\r\n75.56\r\n45.25 S\r\n2.91\r\n1.38\r\n3776.00\r\n3768.55\r\n-37.36\r\n11.25\r\n70.56\r\n39.78 S\r\n21.02\r\n1.76\r\n3868.00\r\n3858.14\r\n-24.51\r\n15.25\r\n48.06\r\n28.69 S\r\n38.50 E\r\n7.02\r\n3960.00\r\n3946.86\r\n-3.98\r\n15.75\r\n28.56\r\n9.63 S\r\n$3.48 E\r\n5.66\r\n4052.00\r\n4035.11\r\n21.08\r\n17.25\r\n13.56\r\n14.61 N\r\n62.65 E\r\n4.89\r\n4144.00\r\n4121.72\r\n51.95\r\n22.25\r\n359.56\r\n45.33 N\r\n65.72 E\r\n7.45\r\n4236.00\r\n4207.46\r\n85.14\r\n20.25\r\n2.06\r\n78.66 N\r\n66.16 E\r\n2.39\r\n4329.00\r\n4294.92\r\n116.67\r\n19.50\r\n1.06\r\n110.26 N\r\n67.02 E\r\n0.89\r\n4421.00\r\n4381.78\r\n146.74\r\n19.00\r\n356.56\r\n140.57 N\r\n66.41 E\r\n1.70\r\n4512.00\r\n4468.01\r\n175.42\r\n18.25\r\n356.81\r\n169.58\r\nא\r\n64.73 E\r\n0.83\r\n4603.00\r\n4554.52\r\n203.38\r\n17.90.\r\n359.56\r\n197.79 N\r\n63.82 E\r\n1.01\r\n4695.00\r\n4642.11\r\n231.39\r\n17.75\r\n0.56\r\n225.95\r\nN\r\n63.85 E\r\n0.37\r\n4787.00\r\n4729.85\r\n258.90\r\n17.25\r\n359.46\r\n253.62 N\r\n63.86 E\r\n0.65\r\n4878.00\r\n4816.09\r\n287.32\r\n20.00\r\n350.56\r\n282.47 N\r\n61.18 E\r\n4.34\r\n4970.00\r\n4900.99\r\n320.93\r\n25.25\r\n345.81\r\n317.04 N\r\n53.78 E\r\n6.04\r\n5061.00\r\n4981.50\r\n361.13\r\n30.25\r\n349.31\r\n358.41 N\r\n44.77 E\r\n5.78\r\n5154.00\r\n5060.26\r\n407.95\r\n34.00\r\n345.56\r\n406.64 N\r\n33.93\r\n4.57\r\n5245.00\r\n5135.48\r\n456.17\r\n34.50\r\n347.06\r\n456.39\r\nN\r\n21.82 E\r\n1.08\r\n5337.00\r\n5210.96\r\n506.08\r\n35.25\r\n348.06\r\n507.76 N\r\n10.49 E\r\n1.02\r\n5429.00\r\n5285.15\r\n558.05\r\n37.25\r\n349.56\r\n561.12 N\r\n0.05 W\r\n2.38\r\n5520.00\r\n5356.33\r\n612.48\r\n39.80\r\n350.06\r\n616.91 N\r\n10.07 W\r\n2.82\r\n5612.00\r\n5426.13\r\n670.10\r\n41.50\r\n350.06\r\n675.94 N\r\n20.41 W\r\n1.85\r\n5705.00\r\n5494.28\r\n731.02\r\n44.25\r\n350.56\r\n738.31 N\r\n31.06 W\r\n2.98\r\n.. ...\r\nSCIENTIFIC DRILLING CONTROLS GREAT YARMOUTH\r\nPage 2\r\nSCIENTIFIC DRILLING CONTROLS GREAT YARMOUTH\r\nDirectional survey for\r\nGAS COUNCIL EXPLORATION\r\nJob number\r\n024M 04870875 94\\/11-4\r\nWell number\r\nMeas.\r\nVert.\r\nVert.\r\nInc.\r\nDirection DEG\r\nLatitude\r\nDeparture\r\n5796.00\r\n5558.06\r\n793.65\r\n46.75\r\n351.06\r\n802.37 N\r\n41.41 W\r\n2.77\r\n5888.00\r\n5621.24\r\n858.38\r\n46.50\r\n351.86\r\n868.50 N\r\n51.35 W\r\n0.69\r\n5981.00\r\n5685.41\r\n923.69\r\n46.25\r\n352.06\r\n935.16 N\r\n60.76 W\r\n0.31\r\n6074.00\r\n5749.28\r\n989.33\r\n47.00\r\n352.26\r\n1002.13 N\r\n69.98 W\r\n0.82\r\n6167.00\r\n5812.55\r\n1055.57\r\n47.25\r\n352.56\r\n1069.69 N\r\n78.98 W\r\n0.36\r\n6259.00\r\n5875.00\r\n1121.31\r\n47.25\r\n352.81\r\n1136.69 N\r\n87.59 W\r\n0.20\r\n6352.00\r\n5937.23\r\n1188.80\r\n48.75\r\n354.31\r\n1205.37 N\r\n95.33\r\n2.01\r\n6445.00\r\n6001.23 : 1254.87\r\n44.25\r\n354.56\r\n1272.49 N\r\n101.87\r\n4.84\r\n6539.00\r\n6070.94\r\n1316.97\r\n40,00\r\n358.06\r\n1335.37 N\r\n106.01 W\r\n5.16\r\n6631.00\r\n6141.93\r\n1374.86\r\n39,00\r\n357.06\r\n1393.83 N\r\n108.49 W\r\n1.29\r\n6725.00\r\n6215.11\r\n1433.14\r\n38.75\r\n357.06\r\n1452.75 N\r\n111.52 W\r\n0.26\r\n6817.00\r\n6286.61\r\n1490.35\r\n39.25\r\n357.26\r\n1510.58 N\r\n114.39 W\r\n0.56\r\n6910.00\r\n6358.89\r\n1548.12\r\n38.75\r\n356.31\r\n1569.01 N\r\n117.67 W\r\n0.84\r\n7003.00\r\n6431.79\r\n1605.03\r\n38.00\r\n356.31\r\n1626.63 N\r\n121.38 W\r\n0.81\r\n7095.00\r\n6505.38\r\n1659.46\r\n35.75\r\n356.56\r\n1681.72 N\r\n124.82 W\r\n2.45\r\n7187.00\r\n6581.43\r\n1710.72\r\n32.75\r\n359.56\r\n1733.45 N\r\n126.62 W\r\n3.74\r\n7208.00\r\n6599.16\r\n1721.89\r\n32.00\r\n359.56\r\n1744.69 N\r\n126.71 W\r\n3.57\r\n.\r\nMagnetic correction of 5.44 W included\r\nSlot coordinates :\r\n0.00 N 0.00 E\r\nTotal closure\r\n1749.29 feet at N 4.15 W\r\nVERTICAL SECTION CALCULATED FROM SLOT.\r\nPrimary compass spaced\r\n12.00 in monel (Total monel\r\n66.58)\r\n30.22 from bit.\r\nSurvey referenced to TRUE North.\r\n- -\r\nALL DEPTHS RELATIVE TO R.K.B. MAGNETIC MULTISHOT SURVEY\r\n.\r\nDepth\r\nDepth\r\nSect.\r\nDEG\r\nD.Leg \\/100\r\nCoordinates\r\n- -\r\n2. GEOLOGY\r\n...\r\n. 20\r\n-\r\n. ...\r\n2.1 WELL SUMMARY LOG\r\n\\\" ....\r\n- .. ..\r\nSUMMARY LOG WELL 98\\/11-4Z\r\nSTRATIGRAPHY\r\nGRAPHIC\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDRILLED\r\nDEPTH (FEET)\r\nDEPTH TVOSS\r\n(FEET)\r\nCORES SHOWS\r\nFORMATION DESCRIPTION\r\nRKB-AMSL 113FT\r\nWATER DEPTH 8OF T\r\nWINDOW CUT IN 9 5\\/8'CSG\r\n3098'\r\nUPPER\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-+\r\n3593'\r\n3786'\r\n4000'\r\n~ 392C'\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n1 -\r\n- -\r\n-\r\n- -\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n4406'\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n5000*\r\n4855' 4900'\r\n4942'\r\nI C S\r\nE R\r\n-\r\nQ\r\nS\r\n-\r\n6000'\r\n-\r\n--\r\n--\r\n--\r\nU P\r\n1\r\n5967:\r\nODST's\r\nCONL\r\nT\r\nLOWER\r\n7000'\r\n6422'\r\nAYLESBEARE MUDSTONE, Cloystone with sitstone\r\nL CHER\r\nPERMIAN-\r\nT.D. 722 90T\r\n(-6496FT TVDSS)\r\nDST *| 6670'-6716' MDFKB (606\\/-6096 TVDSS)\r\nDST .2 6586'-6648' MDRKB (5995'-6043' TVOSS)\r\nCORE # 6553'-6569' MORK9 CORE #2 6608-6639 MEK3\r\nCORE *3 6638 6699 WORKS\r\nCORE *4 6599'-6750' MORKS\r\nKIMMERIDGE CLAY : Claystone with minor thin limestones\r\nCORALLIAN : Sandstore (yellow fluorescence, blue cut fluor.) and oolitic limestone\r\nOXFORD CLAY: Cloystone with minor sandstone\r\nFAULT DOWNCLIFF CLAY: Siltstone with minor sandstone and limestone\r\nLOWER LIAS: Cloystone with miror limestone\r\nRHAETIC\\/WHITE LIAS: Limestone COTHAM & WESTBURY BEDS: Clcystone and sandstone MERCIA MUDSTONE: Cicystone with minor annydrits\r\n0G\\/1002\\/16\\/0: 13. 0912\r\n·\r\nJURASSIC\r\n.\r\nLOWER\r\n-\r\n--\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n----\r\n-\r\nRIA\r\nSHERWOOD SANDSTONE: Sandstone (yellow fluorescence 5 miky-yellow cu+ fluor WITH MINOR CLAYSTONE\r\n>\r\n-\r\n-\r\n3000'\r\n... .\r\n- 22 -\r\n..\r\n..... .\r\nA ....\r\n2.2 FORMATION TOPS\r\n....\r\n-\r\nWELL 98\\/11-4Z FORMATION TOPS\r\n.... FORMATION TOPS\r\nDEPTHS AND THICKNESSES\r\n(SYSTEM\\/SERIES\\/STAGE\\/FM)\r\nMD (ft) TVDSS (ft) ST (ft)\r\n\\\"Well 98\\/11-4Z kicked-off at 3000 ft md, formations above as for well 98\\/11-4.\r\nJURASSIC\r\nTop Corallian\r\n3712\r\n3593\r\n92\r\nOsmington Oolite\r\n3806\r\n3685\r\n101\r\nOxford Clay\r\n3908\r\n3786\r\n134+\r\nL. Jurassic\r\n--- FAULT --- (1 : Purbeck)\r\n4050\r\n3920\r\n-\r\nDowncliffe Clay\r\n4050\r\n3920\r\n486\r\nTop L. Lias\r\n4566\r\n4406\r\n449\r\nTRIASSIC\r\nU. Triassic\r\nRhaetic\\/White Lias\r\n5045\r\n4855\r\n45\r\nCotham & Westbury Beds\r\n5098\r\n4900\r\n42\r\nMercia Mudstone Gp\r\n5147\r\n4942\r\n1025\r\nL. Triassic\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n6550\r\n5967\r\n455\r\nPERMIAN\r\nL. Permi an\r\nAylesbeare Mudstone\r\n7132\r\n6422\r\n74+\r\nTOTAL DEPTH\r\n7229\r\n6496\r\n-\r\n....\r\n....\r\n2.3 STRATIGRAPHY AND LITHOLOGY\r\n..\r\n....\r\n- 25 -\r\n2.3 Stratigraphy and Lithology\r\nJURASSIC\r\nKimmeridge Clay 3000 ft to 3712 ft (-2885 ft to -3593 ft)\r\nClaystone with minor dolomite beds\r\nClaystone: medium dark grey, locally dark brown, firm to slightly hard, blocky, sub-fissile, locally fissile, locally silty, carbonaceous, trace pyrite, trace fossil fragments.\r\nDolomite: medium dark grey, moderately hard, blocky-angular fracture, very argillaceous.\r\nCorallian\r\n3712 ft to 3908 ft (-3593 ft to -3786 ft)\r\nSandstone with minor claystone and colitic limestone\r\nSandstone: white, light grey, buff, friable, fine to medium occasionally coarse grained, subangular to subrounded, moderately sorted, light grey to white argillaceous matrix, slightly calcareous, trace glauconite, poor to moderate visible porosity, dull to moderately bright yellow sample fluorescence, weak dull blue\\/white, streaming to blooming cut fluorescence.\r\nClaystone: medium to dark grey, slightly hard, blocky, non to slightly calcareous, occasionally pyritic, abundant pisoliths.\r\nLimestone white, cream, buff, light to medium grey, hard, blocky, irregular to subconchoidal fracture, microcrystalline to crystalline, medium to coarse ooliths, no visible porosity, no shows.\r\nOxford Clay\r\n3908 ft to 4050 ft (- 3786 ft to -3920 ft)\r\nClaystone light. to medium grey, green to grey, rarely speckled with black, firm to slightly hard, blocky to subfissile, sticky, swelling, soluble in part, calcareous, trace fossil fragments, trace pyrite.\r\nLower Jurassic - Fault - 4050 ft (-3920 ft)\r\nDowncliff Clay 4050 ft to 4566 ft (-3920 ft to -4406 ft)\r\nSiltstone grading to Claystone with minor sandstone and thin limestone beds.\r\nSiltstone: light to medium grey, grey brown, firm, moderately to poorly sorted, micromicaceous,\r\n. ..\r\n- 6 -\r\nsiltstone cont:\r\nmicrobedded, very calcareous, grading locally to\r\nsandstone and to claystone with depth.\r\nSandstone: grey brown, firm to moderately hard, subangular, poorly sorted, very fine grained, quartz, micro- bedded, calcareous, trace pyrite, very poor visible porosity.\r\nClaystone: light grey cream, occasionally speckled with black, firm, crumbly break, sticky in part, occasionally micromicaceous, very calcareous, trace fossil shell fragements.\r\nLower Lias:\r\n4566 ft to 5045 ft (-4406 ft to -4855 ft)\r\nClaystone with minor thin limestone beds\r\nClaystone:\r\nmedium to dark grey, dark grey brown, firm to\r\nslightly hard, blocky to subfissile, crumbly\r\nbreak in part, microbedded, slightly\r\nmicromicaceous, calcareous, rarely silty, trace\r\nfossil fragments.\r\nLimestone: light grey, light grey to white, moderately hard to hard, blocky to irregular fracture, microcrystalline, very argillaceous, silty in part\r\nTRIASSIC Upper Triassic Rhaetic\\/White Lias\r\n5045 ft to 5098 ft (-4855 ft to -4900 ft)\r\nLimestone: white to off white, also cream, light grey, slightly to moderately hard, blocky to irregular fracture, microcrystalline, with cryptocrystalline, blocky medium grey limestone, patchy dull white yellow, sample fluorescence, very slow blooming, blue white crush cut fluorescence decreasing with depth, very poor show.\r\nCotham and Westbury Beds 5098 ft to 5147 ft (-4900 ft to -4924 ft)\r\nClaystone with sandstone intervals\r\nClaystone: grey, grey green, also brown grey, very firm to moderately hard, brittle, blocky, angular to . subchonchoidal fracture, locally subfissile, micromicaceous, very rarely to slightly calcareous.\r\nSandstone:\r\nclear, white, light grey, buff, mottled with dark grey, firm to friable, locally slightly hard, subangular to subrounded, fine grained quartz, moderately sorted, calcareous cement, white matrix, trace carbonaceous material, trace fossil fragments, poor visible porosity.\r\nMercia Mudstone\r\n5147 ft to 6550 ft (-4942 ft to -5967 ft)\r\n.. ..\r\n. ...\r\n. ..\r\n... .\r\n:\r\n27\r\nClaystone with minor thin anhydrite beds\r\nClaystone: light to medium grey, grey green, first incoming of red brown, brown, orange at 5310 ft (-5076 ft), firm to hard, blocky to irregular angular fracture, locally laminated, micromicaceous, slightly swelling, slightly to moderately calcareous, locally silty.\r\nAnhydrite white, soft, amorphous.\r\nLOWER TRIASSIC\r\nSherwood sandstone 6550 ft to 7132 ft (-5967 ft to -6422 ft)\r\nSandstone with minor siltstone and claystone\r\nSandstone: white to off white, cream to light orange, firm to hard, irregular to blocky fracture, fine to medium, occasionally coarse grained, angular to rounded, moderately to poorly sorted, calcareous cement, poor to fair visible porosity, good trace dead oil stain, patchy brown oil stain, dull to moderately bright yellow white sample fluorescence, slightly to moderately fast dull milky yellow cut fluorescence, no residual oil stain, slight to moderate hydrocarbon odour.\r\nlight\r\nSiltstone: red brown, hard to moderately hard, sublaminated, very micaceous, non calcareous, grading to clay- stone.\r\nClaystone: red brown, hard, blocky, micaceous, slightly calcareous, locally silty.\r\nAylesbeaue Mudstone: 7132 ft to 7229 ft + (-6422 ft to -6497 + ft )\r\nClaystone with minor siltstone\r\nClaystone:\r\nlight to medium red brown, brown orange,\r\nmoderately hard, blocky to irregular fracture,\r\nslightly swelling, slightly calcareous,\r\noccasionally silty.\r\nSiltstone:\r\nmedium red brown, firm to moderately hard,\r\nblocky to irregular fracture, subfissile,\r\nvery slightly calcareous.\r\n.. ..\r\n...\r\n- 28 -\r\n2.4 HYDROCARBON INDICATIONS\r\n...\r\n2.4 Hydrocarbon Indications\r\nBackground gas levels in the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay averaged 1000 ppm at the top of the section with peaks up to 2000 ppm. Gas levels decreased over the lower part of this interval to average 100 ppm. Throughout the remainder of the Upper Jurassic section background gas fluctuated, in response to varying lithologies. The range was from 80 ppm to a maximum of 10000 ppm (C1-C5) recorded from a Lower Corallian Sandstone at a depth of 3770 ft. Cuttings showed 10% dull yellow and 5% moderately bright yellow fluorescence with a weak, dull blue white streaming to blooming cut. A similar show was also recorded from a sandstone at the top of the Oxford Clay.\r\nBackground gas levels in the Lower Jurassic Downcliff Clay ranged from 75 ppm to 750 ppm with no significant peaks. In the Lower Lias background gas was variable and ranged from 50 ppm to 1500 ppm (C1-C5). No oil shows were observed.\r\nIn the Triassic White Lias, total gas peaked at 5000 ppm (C1-C5). Cuttings showed a patchy dull white yellow fluorescence with a very slow, blooming, blue white crush cut. Throughout the remainder of the Upper Triassic, background gas averaged 100 ppm and ranged from 50 ppm to 5000 ppm.\r\nUpon drilling into the Sherwood Sandstone total gas reached a peak of 12672 ppm at 6600 ft (C1-C5). Although gas levels during coring were reduced, numerous gas peaks of 1000 ppm were recorded to a depth of 6750 ft (-6121 ft). Slight to moderately strong hydrocarbon odour was noted from the core with a patchy light oil stain. Samples exhibited moderately bright yellow sample fluorescence with a moderately fast blooming to streaming white yellow cut.\r\nBackground gas levels for the remainder of the Sherwood Sandstone below 6750 ft and the Permian Aylesbeare Mudstone ranged from 50 ppm to 140 ppm.\r\n. -...\r\n.... ..\r\n...\r\n.....\r\n-. .\r\n3 CORE DATA\r\n-- --\r\n.. .\r\n.. .-\r\n.....\r\n....\r\n- -\r\n... .\r\n...\r\n.... . .\r\n3.1 CORE RECORD SHEETS\r\n. .... .\r\n. - 1+\r\nFT\r\nCORE RECORD\r\nVELL\r\n:\r\n98\\/11-4Z\r\nOPERATOR\r\nGC(E)\r\n„CORE NUMBER\r\n1\r\nTOTAL CUT : 16ft\r\nNTERVAL CORED : 6553 - 6569\r\nRECOVERY\r\n96%\r\nCORE BARREL : 30'\r\nBOX NUMBER\r\nTOTAL LENGTH\r\nCUMULATIVE LENGTH\r\nINTERVAL\r\n22.\r\n21\r\n20.\r\n19.\r\n18.\r\n17.\r\n16.\r\n15.\r\n14.\r\n13.\r\n12.\r\n11.\r\n10.\r\n9.\r\n. ....\r\n8.\r\n7.\r\n0.85\r\n0.85\r\n6553.00 - 6553.85'\r\n6.\r\n2.90\r\n3.75\r\n6553.85 - 6556.75\r\n5.\r\n1.75\r\n5.50\r\n6556.75 - 6558.50\r\n4.\r\n2.40\r\n79\r\n6558.50 - 6560.90\r\n3.\r\n2.75\r\n10.65\r\n6560.90 - 6563.65\r\n2.\r\n2.9\r\n13.55\r\n6563.65 - 6566.95\r\n1.\r\n1.9\r\n15.45\r\n6566.55 - 6568.45\r\nINTERVAL(S) RECOVERED : 6553 - 6568.45 TOTAL RECOVERED 15ft Sin\r\nBOX No.1 IS THE BOTTOM OF THE CORE\r\nGCE0533\r\nFT\r\nM\r\nCORE RECORD\r\nWELL\r\n98\\/11-4Z\r\nINTERVAL(S) RECOVERED : 6608 - 6637\r\nOPERATOR\r\n:\r\nGC(E)\r\nTOTAL RECOVERED 29ft\r\nCORE NUMBER\r\n:\r\nNTERVAL CORED :\r\n6608 - 6638\r\nTOTAL CUT RECOVERY\r\n97%\r\nCORE BARREL : 60ft\r\nBOX NUMBER\r\nTOTAL LENGTH\r\nCUMULATIVE LENGTH\r\nINTERVAL\r\n22.\r\n21.\r\n20.\r\n19.\r\n18.\r\n17\r\n16.\r\n15.\r\n. -\r\n14.\r\n13.\r\n12.\r\n11.\r\n10.\r\n3.25\r\n3.25\r\n6608 - 6611.25\r\n9.\r\n1.90\r\n5.15\r\n6611.25 - 6613.15\r\n8.\r\n1.95\r\n7.10\r\n6613.15 - 6615.10\r\n7.\r\n3.30\r\n10.40\r\n6615.10 - 6618.40\r\n6.\r\n3.00\r\n13.40\r\n6618.40 - 6621.40\r\n5.\r\n3.10\r\n16.50\r\n6621.40 - 6624.50\r\n4.\r\n3.20\r\n19.70\r\n6624.50 - 6627.70\r\n3.\r\n3.00\r\n22.70\r\n6627.70 - 6630.70\r\n2.\r\n3.20\r\n25.90\r\n6630.70 - 6633.90\r\n1.\r\n3.10\r\n29.00\r\n6633.90 - 6637.0\r\nBOX No.1 IS THE BOTTOM OF THE CORE\r\nGOE063 3\r\n2\r\n30ft\r\nM\r\nCORE RECORD\r\nVELL : OPERATOR GC(E) . CORE NUMBER 3 NTERVAL CORED : 6638 - 6699\r\n98\\/11-4Z .\r\nINTERVAL(S) RECOVERED :\r\n6638 - 6699.4 TOTAL RECOVERED :\r\n61.4 ft\r\nTOTAL CUT\r\n61\r\nRECOVERY\r\n100%\r\nCORE BARREL 60ft\r\n...\r\nBOX NUMBER\r\nTOTAL LENGTH\r\nCUMULATIVE LENGTH\r\nINTERVAL\r\n22.\r\n* WAXED SAMPLES\r\n21.\r\n3.10\r\n3.10\r\n6638.00 - 6641.10\r\n20.\r\n3.10\r\n6.20\r\n6641.10 - 6644.20\r\n19.\r\n2.50\r\n8.70\r\n6644.20 - 6646.70\r\n18.\r\n2.40\r\n11.10\r\n6646.70 - 6649.10\r\n17.\r\n2.90\r\n14.00\r\n6649.10 - 6652.00\r\n16.\r\n2.30\r\n16.30\r\n6652.00 - 6654.30 * 6652 - 6652.65\r\n15.\r\n2.80\r\n19.10\r\n6654.30 - 6657.10\r\n14.\r\n2.60\r\n21.70\r\n6657.10 - 6659.70\r\n13.\r\n2.80\r\n24.50\r\n6659.70 - 6662.50 * 6661.9 - 6662.5\r\n12.\r\n2.90\r\n27.40\r\n6662.50 - 6665.40\r\n11.\r\n2.80\r\n30.2\r\n6665.40 - 6668.2\r\n10.\r\n3.30\r\n33.5\r\n6668.2 - 6671.5 * 6669.45 - 6669.9\r\n9.\r\n3.10\r\n36.6\r\n6671.5 - 6674.6\r\n8.\r\n3.00\r\n39.6\r\n6674.6 - 6677.6 * 6676.3 - 6676.8\r\n7.\r\n3.30\r\n42.9\r\n6677.6 - 6680.9\r\n6.\r\n2.80\r\n45.7\r\n6680.9 - 6683.70 * 6680.9 - 6681.5\r\n5.\r\n3.00\r\n48.7\r\n6683.70 - 6686.70\r\n4.\r\n3.10\r\n51.80\r\n6686.70 - 6689.80 * 6686.7 - 6687.25\r\n3.\r\n3.20\r\n55.00\r\n6689.80 - 6693.00 * 6691.85 - 6692.3\r\n2.\r\n3.20\r\n58.2\r\n6693.00 - 6696.20\r\n1.\r\n3.20\r\n61.4\r\n6696.20 - 6699.+ * 6698.65 - 6699.0\r\nBOX No.1 IS THE BOTTOM OF THE CORE\r\nGCE0633\r\n- 35 -\r\nCORE RECORD\r\nVELL :\r\n98\\/11-4Z GC (E)\r\nINTERVAL(S) RECOVERED : 6699.6750\r\nOPERATOR :\r\nTOTAL RECOVERED : 51ft\r\nCORE NUMBER\r\n4\r\nTOTAL CUT 51ft\r\nNTERVAL CORED :\r\n6699 - 6750\r\nRECOVERY\r\n100%\r\nCORE BARREL\r\n60ft\r\nBOX NUMBER\r\nTOTAL LENGTH\r\nCUMULATIVE LENGTH\r\nINTERVAL\r\n22.\r\n21.\r\n20.\r\n19.\r\n18.\r\nWAXED SAMPLES\r\n17.\r\n2.8\r\n2.8\r\n6619.0 - 6701.8 * 6701.3 - 6701.8\r\n16.\r\n3.3\r\n6.1\r\n6701.8 - 6705.1\r\n15.\r\n2.85\r\n8.95\r\n6705.1 - 6707.95 * 6706.4 - 6707.2\r\n14.\r\n3.05\r\n12.00\r\n6707.95 - 6711.00\r\n13.\r\n3.8\r\n14.30\r\n6711.00 - 6713.80 * 6712.9 - 6713.9\r\n12.\r\n3.2\r\n18.00\r\n6713.80 - 6720.30\r\n11.\r\n3.3\r\n21.30\r\n6717.00 - 6720.30 * 6717.00 - 6717.5\r\n10.\r\n3.0\r\n24.30\r\n6720.30 - 6723.30\r\n9.\r\n3.2\r\n27.50\r\n6723.30 - 6726.50 * 6723.3 - 6723.8\r\n8.\r\n3.15\r\n30.65\r\n6726.50 - 6729.65\r\n7.\r\n3.05\r\n33.70\r\n6729.65 - 6732.70 * 6729.65 - 6730.15\r\n6.\r\n2.8\r\n36.50\r\n6132.70 - 6735.50\r\n.......\r\n5.\r\n3.15\r\n39.65\r\n6755.50 - 6738.65 * 6738.1 - 6738.7\r\n4.\r\n3.15\r\n42.80\r\n6738.65 - 6741.80\r\n3.\r\n3.15\r\n45.95\r\n6741.80 - 6744.95 * 6743.6 - 6744.1\r\n2.\r\n2.85\r\n48.80\r\n6744.95 - 6747.30\r\n1.\r\n51.00\r\n6747.50 - 6750.00\r\nBOX No.1 IS THE BOTTOM OF THE CORE\r\nGCE0633\r\nM\r\n.. .\r\n.....\r\n...\r\n3.2\r\nCORE DESCRIPTION SHEETS\r\n..\r\n- 37 -\r\nWELLSITE CORE DESCRIPTION\r\nSheetlof 1\r\nWELL : 98\\/11-4Z\r\nFORMATION: SHERWOOD SANDSTONE GEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\nCORE NO: 1 CORED: 6553-6569 FT RECOVERY 15.45 FT; 96%\r\nPON XOA\r\nDEPTH 1:50\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO - CARBON SHOWS\r\nEST. POROSITY\r\nP F G VG\r\n6.553'\r\n17\r\nSANDSTONE - CONGLOMERATIC\r\nUPWARD FINING UNITS CALCITE FISSURES POSSIBLE TROOGH &D\r\nRIPPLE LAM\r\n20%\r\nBRI WH-YEL CUT FLOOR.\r\nFAINT H\\/C ODOUR.\r\n14\r\n6560\r\nCONGLOMERATE : LT GY-WH. LT ORNG-BF, HD - V HD, PRED ANG - RUD QTZ PEBBLES AND OCC CLYST INTRACLASTS SET IN A SANDSTONE MATRIX, M- V C GR ANG- RND, VP SRTD, V CALC CMT, P VIS POR\r\nTROUGH 3D LAG GRAVEL\r\n2\r\n6565'\r\nPOSSIBLE WAVY BD MASSIVE BEDDED\r\nMINOR CALCITE FILLED VEINS\r\n>40% SAMPLE FLOOR\r\nFLUOR. SLOW-MOD FAST DIFFUSE- BLING MOD\r\nH\\/C STAINING. PATCHY MOD- BRI WH-YEL SAMPLE\r\nPATCHY LIGHT BROWN\r\n1 6568.45\r\nSANDSTONE : CLR, LT GY-LT ORNG, BF, HD - V HD , GEN M-C GR. OCC QTZ PEBBLES AND CLYST INTRACLASTS, AND-ANG, GEN SUBANG, P SRTD CALC CMT, P UIS POR\r\nPOOR SHOW\r\n. -\r\nT\r\n6 5\r\n6555'\r\nCLR, TRANSP-TRANSL, LT GY, BF- LT ORNG HD - V HD, F - V C GR, GEN M-C GR, W\\/ABNT QTZ PEBBLES AND CLYST INTRACLASTS (GRDG TO CONGLOMERATE), RND ANG, GEN SUBANG-ANG VP SRTD . MOD CALC CMT, V P VIS POR\r\nDRAPE COMPACTED SHALE\r\nLAG GRAVELLE\r\nRIPPLE LAM POSSIBLY SCOUR PREDOMINANTLY MASSIVE\r\n3\r\nHOLE INCLINATION AT 6520' MD (-5944 TUDSS ) 39.80° INC. 356° AZ1 TOP OF CORE 6553\r\nWELLSITE CORE DESCRIPTION\r\nSheet \\/ of \\/ .\r\nWELL : 98\\/11- 42 FORMATION : SHERWOOD SANDSTONE\r\nGEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\nCORE NO: 2\r\nCORED: 6608-6638 Fr RECOVERY\r\n29 FT; 97%\r\nFON YOB\r\nDEPTH 1:50\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO- CARBON SHOWS\r\nEST.\r\nPOROSITY\r\nPF G VG\r\nHOLE INCLINATION AT 6520'MD (-5944 TUDSS ) 39.80° INC 356° Azi TOP OF CORE 6608FT\r\nMASSIVE TO FAINT PLANAR BEDDED\r\n110 1 19\r\n6610\r\nSANDSTONE: CLR, PRED LT GY CRM OFF WH, BF -V LT ORNG, HD, VF- C GR PRED F-M GR. QTZ, ANG - SBRND, MOD- P SRTD. SUC TEX, P- FAIR VIS POR\r\nA SLIGHTLY UPWARD FINING UNIT\r\nSANDSTONE : GEN A\\/A, VF-VC GR V P -P SRTD, W\\/OCC QTZ PEBBLES, P-FAIR VIS POR\r\n8 6615\r\nSANDSTONE: CLR, LT ORNG-BF, PK - LT BRN, HD, VF - CGR OCC V C GR RR QTZ PEBBLES ANG - RND. PRED ANG- SUBANG, P-MOD SRTD, SUC TEX, CALC P- FAIR VIS POR\r\nSLICKENSIDED FRACTURE PLANED CALCITE VEINING CROSS BD\r\nNO RESIDUAL COLOUR STAIN.\r\nV GD TR DEAD OIL\r\n-\r\n--\r\n6\r\n6620\r\nSANDSTONE: CLR, PRED LT ORNG, BF- LT BRN, PK, WH - LT GY, MOT, HD, V F - C. G.R. OCC VC GR ANG- RND, PRED SUBANG - ANG, P SRTD, P- FAIR VIS POR\r\nMASSIVE BD (MOTTLED - DIAGENETIC) RIPPLED SHALE PARTINGS\r\n1. in\r\nSANDSTONE : A \\/ A BUT W\\/INC QTZ PEBBLES\r\n-\r\n(POSSIBLY UPWARD FINING!\r\n6625\r\n4\r\n3\r\nSANDSTONE: GEN A\\/A, BF, LT BAN- ORING, CLR, LT GY, GRM, MOT, HD ,\r\nRUBBLE\r\n66.30\r\nPLANAR BD - POSSIBLE CROSS BD\r\n2\r\nSANDSTONE: PRED RD- BAN, CLR, LT GY, HD - V HD, V F -F. OCC M GR. ( GRDG IN PT TO RD-BAN SLIST) ALSO MINOR PEBBLY HORIZONS, ANG - SBAND, P SRTD , SE CALC, V MICACEOUS,\r\nPOSSIBLE CROSS BD\r\n1\r\n30% (DECREASING TO 5% AT 6615 FT ) DOLL - MOD BRI YEL-WH SAMPLE FLUORESCENCE\r\nSLIGHT H\\/C ODOUR, PATCHY LT BRN OIL STAIN ( DECREASING FROM 6615 Fr ) GAS DOBBLES TI\r\nT\r\n5\r\nMASSIVE BEDDED\r\nLOW TO MODERATELY FAST DIFFUSE DULL MUKY - YEL CUT FLUORESCENCE\r\n6608\r\n-\r\nWELL: 93.1-42\r\nFORMATION : SHERWOOD SANDSTONE .\r\nGEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\nCORE NO\r\nCOREC: 6638 -6699FT RECOVERY 61.4 FT; 100 %\r\nBOX No.\r\nCEPTH\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO- CARBON SHOWS\r\nEST. POROSITY\r\nPF G VG\r\n-\r\n-\r\nN 21\r\n6640\r\nSANDSTONE: RD-BRN , OCC CLR. HD, V F - V C GR. ANG - SBRND. V P SRTD, SL-NON CALC, OCC SITY MTX OCC QTZ PEBBLES (CONGLOMÉRATIC- IN PT), P. VIS POR\r\nGENERALLY UPWARD FINING UNITS\r\nSHOW - MOD FAST O RESIDUAL OIL STAIN\r\nV GD TR DEAD OIL\r\n4, 20\r\nSANDSTONE CLR, LT GY-CRM, LT GY - ORNG, WH, VF- V C GR. ANG - AND, V P SRTD, CALC P- FAIR VIS POR\r\n6645\r\n19\r\nSANDSTONE : A\\/A PRED M-C GR\r\nLAMINATED\r\n8\r\n- -\r\nCLAYSTONE: RD-BRN, HD-V HD, BLKY - IREG FRAC, SLTY IN PT, W\\/ V F. SAND GR AND MOD ABNT CER MICA, NON CALC\r\n6650\r\n\\/\\/ LAM CROSS BD\r\n7 1 16\r\n-\r\n30% DULL-MOD BRI YEL-WH SAMPLE FLUORESCENCE BULL MILKY- YEL CUT FLUORESCENCE .\r\nSLIGHT H\\/C ODOUR, PATCHY LIGHT BROWN OIL STAIN . GAS BUBBLES\r\nGCC .\r\n-\r\n-\r\n13\r\nSANDSTONE: LT BRN LT GY-LT BRN, ORNG, LT BRN - PK , HD , PRED F- MGR, ANG - SBRND, HOD W SRTD, NON CALC, FAIR VIS\r\nUPWARD FINING - MASSIVE BD\r\n12\r\nPOR\r\n6665 -\r\nSANDSTONE : ( CONGLOMERATIC) : SST MTX, A\\/A, W\\/QTZ PEBBLES, '(<1cm) AND AD-BAN SILTSTONE FRAGS\r\nLAG GRAVEL LAMINATED\r\n11\r\nUPWARD FINING\r\nSANDSTONE: (CONGLOMERATIC) A\\/A\r\nRIPPLED -\r\nCROSS BD\r\n10\r\n6670\r\nSILTSTONE: A\\/A\r\n9\r\n6675\r\n-\r\nPLANAR BD OIL BLEEDS\r\n(90-60%)\r\nLT BAN RESIDUAL OIL STAIN. - ALSO GD TR DEAD OIL STAIN\r\nSTAYING MOD BRI WH-YEL COT FLOOR.\r\nMODERATELY STRONG H\\/C ODOUR. LT BRAD OIL STAN). MOD BRI YEL SAMPLE FLOOR, MOD FAST BLING-\r\n6660-\r\nSILTSTONE: RD-BRN, HD-MOD HD SUBLAM, V MICACEOUS, ALSO OCC V F -F SAND OR, NON CALC, GROG IN PT TO CLYST : A\\/ A\r\nCROSS BD\r\nCONGLOMERATE: CLR. PK. CRM. LT GY-BF, HD- V HD QTZ PEBBLES ( <6mm) SET IN A SANDSTONE MATRIX PRED C -V C GR. ALSO RD-BAN CLYST AND SLIST FRAGS, CALC, P VIS POR\r\nMASSIVE BD\r\n6655 15 14\r\n-\r\nLAMINATED - PLANAR BD\r\n-\r\n-\r\n--\r\n--\r\n-\r\n1:50\r\nHOLE INCLINATION AT 6520 MD (- 5944 TVDSS ) 39.80° INC 356° AZ1 TOP OF CORE 6638FT\r\nWELL\r\nLISTE LO :\r\n- WELL: 98\\/11-42\r\n, FORMATION : SHERWOOD SANDSTONE\r\nGEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\n-\r\nCORE NO: 3\r\nCORED : 5038 -6699 AT RECOVERY 61.4 FT; ICC %\r\nBOX No ..\r\nDEPTH :: 50\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO- CARBON SHOWS\r\nEST.\r\nPOROSITY PF G VG\r\n00\r\nSANDSTONE: LT BAN, RD-BAN, HD, BLKY - IREG FRAC, V F - F GR, SUBANG - ANG, V P SRTD. MICACEOUS SATY IN PT, FAIR VIS POR\r\nPLANAR 1 CROSS BD\r\nLAMINATED\r\n7\r\n6680\r\nSILTSTONE: RD-BRN, HD-MOD HD SUB LAM, V MICACEOUS, W\\/VF -F SAND OR, NON CALC IN PT TO CLAYSTONE : RD-BRN, HD- V HD, BUKY-IREG FRAC.\r\nUPWARD FINING\r\nMOD BRI YEL WH SAMPLE FLOOR - ALSO OD TR DEAD OIL STAIN\r\nMODERATELY STRONG\r\n6\r\nCROSS BD\r\nLAG GRAVEL\r\n6685-\r\nSANDSTONE: LT GY-LT BRN, BF, LT ORNG, CRM, CLR, HD, VF-C, PRED F-M GR ANG - SBAND, MODI SRTD, SUC TEX, SL CALC, FAIR - MOD GD VIS POR\r\nMASSIVE BD\r\n5 4 3\r\n6690\r\nSANDSTONE: GEN A\\/A, PRED F- M GR. MOD SRTD. SL CALC\r\nMASSIVE BD\r\n-\r\nMOD FAST BLING - STRMING, MOD BRI MLKY-WH CUT FLOOR\r\nLT BRN OIL STAIN\r\n2\r\n6695\r\nSANDSTONE : A\\/A LT BRN, BF. LT ORNG, ALSO CLR, PKLT GY. HD, PRED F-M GR. ANG - SOUND. HOD SRTD, SL CALC, FAIR - MOD GD VIS POR\r\nMASSIVE BD\r\nFAINT LT' BRN RESIDUAL OIL STAIN\r\nH\\/C ODOUR .\r\n.....\r\nSILTSTONE: A\\/A, GROG TO CLAYSTONE\r\nPLANAR - CROSS BD\r\nOIL BLEEDS\r\nRIPPLED - CROSS BEDDED\r\n1\r\nT\r\n----\r\nSheet . O' ...\r\nWELLSITE CORE DESCRIPTION\r\nWELL: 98\\/11-42\r\n-\r\nCORE NO: 4\r\nCORED: 6699 - 6750 FT RECOVERY\r\n51 FT; 100 %\r\nBOX No.\r\nDEPTH\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\n1:50\r\nHOLE INCLINATION AT 6520'MD (-5944 TVDSS ) 39.80° INC 356° AZI\r\nTOP OF CORE 6699 FT\r\n......\r\n6700 -\r\n17\r\nSANDSTONE: LT BRN, BF, LT ORNG CRM, OFF WH, HD, F -M GR, ANG - SBRND, MOD SRTD, SUC TEX , NON- SL CALC, FAIR VIS POR\r\nCROSS BD MINOR UPWARD FINING\r\n16\r\n6705 -\r\nSANDSTONE : GEN A\\/A, LOCALLY CONGLOMERATIC\r\nPARALLEL BD POSSIBLE CROSS BD-UPWARD FINING UNITS\r\nLAG GRAVEL EROSIONAL CONTACT\r\nGD TR DEAD OIL STAIN. OIL BLEEDS\r\nLT BAN RESIDUAL OIL STAIN.\r\nMOD BRI YEL-WH SAMPLE FLOOR (5% FROM 6705 FT)\r\nMODERATELY STRONG M\\/C ODOUR , AT BRN OIL STAIN\r\nL.\r\nMINOR SHALE PARTINGS\r\n6720\r\n2\r\nUPWARD FINING UNITS\r\n9\r\n6725\r\nWAR SANDSTONE: GEN A\\/R LOC CONGLOMERATIC\r\n......\r\nMINOR FRACTURES\r\n710 BLEEDS\r\nBUT DECREASING IN\r\nPLANAR BD - MASSIVE &D\r\n6730 -\r\n0\r\n6735\r\nSANDSTONE: LT BRN, ORNG, BF, CRM, LT GY, CLR, HD, VF - F GR. ANG- SBANG, MOD SRTD, FAIR POR\r\nPLANAR BD\r\n13\r\nSANDSTONE: RD-BRN, PURP, BF. HD- V HD, V F GR, OCC F-MGR ANG- SBANG, MOD W SRTD, NON CALC, V P VIS POR\r\n6715\r\n12\r\nSANDSTONE: CHOC BRN, RD-BRN, ORNG HD, V F GR ANG-SBANG MOD - P SRTD, NON CALE , MOD POR, LOC- GROG TO SILTSTONE\r\nDISTINCT CROSS BD UNIT\r\nSANDSTONE : LT BAN-LT ORNG BF CRM OFF WH, CLR, HD, V F GR, GRDG TO C GR. SBANG- SBRND P SRTD, SL CALC, P- FAIR VIS POR\r\nSPORADIC\r\nSHOW AS ABOVE\r\n8\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO - CARBON SHOWS\r\nEST POROSIT :\r\nSLOW-MOD FAST STRING - BLING BRI WH- YEL FUT FLOOR\r\n15\r\nSANDSTONE : LT GY, PK , ORNG, BF, CRM, OFF WH, HD-V HD, F-C. G.R. P SRTD SUC TEX, CALC CMT, P VIS POR\r\n14\r\n6710\r\nGEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\nFORMATION : SHERWOOD SANDSTONE\r\nSheet 2of 2\r\n- 42 -\r\nWELLSITE CORE DESCRIPTION\r\nWELL : 98\\/11-4Z\r\nFORMATION : SHERWOOD\r\nSANDSTONE\r\nGEOLOGIST : JAMES PARKIN\r\nCORE NO: 4\r\nCORED : 6699-6750 FT RECOVERY 51 FT; 100 %\r\nBOX No.\r\nDEPTH 1:50\r\nLITHOLOGY\r\nDESCRIPTION\r\nSTRUCTURES\r\nHYDRO - CARBON SHOWS\r\nPOROSITY\r\nPREDOMINANTLY MASSIVE - PLANAR BD\r\nMINOR SHALE PARTINGS\r\nOIL BLEEDS\r\nOF DECREASED\r\n16 700 FT BUT\r\nSHOW AS AT\r\n4\r\n3\r\n-\r\nSILTSTONE: RD-BRN, PURPLE LT BRN- ORNG, HD - V HD, SL CALC, MICACEOUS, GRDG IN0 PT TO V F SANDSTONE, P VIS POR\r\nMINOR SHALE PARTINOS\r\nPLANAR BD\r\n6745\r\n-\r\n:\r\n2\r\nSANDSTONE: CRM, OFF WH, PK, LT ORNG, V HD, V F - M CAR, SBANG-ANG CALC. MICACEOUS, V P SRTD, V P VIS POR SANDSTONE: LT GY LT GY-GN WH, PK. LT ORNG, V HD, F-VC' GR, PRED M-C GR, OCC PEBBLY V P SRTD, CALC, V P VIS POR\r\nLAMINATED BD\r\n-\r\nEROSIONAL SURFACE\r\nWATER BLEED AT 6145 FT.\r\nSHOW AS AROVE. NO OIL BLEEDS\r\nNO SHOW OR VERY WEAK\r\n.\r\nSANDSTONE: RD-BRN, CHOC BRN, ORNG-BRN, HD, V F GR, SBANG, SLTY MICACEOUS , MOD SRTD, SL CALC FAIR- P POR\r\n6740\r\nUPWARD FINING UNITS\r\nCROSS BD\r\nINTENSITY. (40)\r\n5\r\nOWC - ?\r\n-\r\n......\r\n6750\r\n....\r\nEST.\r\n- 43 -\r\n....\r\n. . .\r\n.. .\r\n4\r\n......\r\n....\r\n....\r\n3.3 ROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS\r\n- 44 - Report No. LRS A 1014\r\nBritish Gas London Research Station\r\nSecurity Classification\r\nCONFIDENTIAL\r\nAvailability\r\nRESTRICTED TO DISTRIBUTION LIST\r\nTitle\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS RESULTS ON CORES 2 TO 5 FROM GC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4Z\r\nAuthor(s)\r\nReport compiled by P E Baldwin\r\nL1901\r\nDate\r\nApril, 1987\r\nProject Number\r\nRoutine core analysis, residual oil and water saturation results are reported for plugs and samples taken from Cores 2 to 5 from GC(E) Well 98\\/11-4Z. The natural Gamma radiation of Cores 2 to 5 was measured and is plotted against depth on a scale of 1 : 200.\r\n... ..\r\n¡Signatures Author (s) p & Baldwin fehllwe\r\nAssistant Manager P A A Beale\r\nPodle\r\nManager R. M. Gibbons Run gibbous\r\nRecipients of this page may obtain a copy of this report from:\r\nJulie McGeehan Publications Assistant Information Services British Gas plc London Research Station\r\nMichael Road London, SW6 2AD\r\nTel. 01-736 3344\r\nCommittee Document Nos.\r\nDISTRIBUTION LIST LR.S\r\nG. S. Cribb (Station Director) W.J. Bellars (for circulation to Assistant Directors) R. M. Gibbons P.A.A. Beale D. E. Penny\r\nE.G. Houlston - Exploration Department M\\/A\r\nA. J. Bains\r\n11\r\n17\r\n=\r\nM. Bowcock -\r\n=\r\n11\r\nE. Bowles =\r\n=\r\nP. Bryant\r\nS. Grinham -\r\n=\r\n=\r\n=\r\nA. Levison -\r\n11\r\n=\r\n=\r\nJ. Porges\r\ntf\r\n11\r\n.. .....\r\nIn two envelopes, inner marked HIGHLY CONFIDENTIAL outer with no security marking\r\nIn one envelope marked CONFIDENTIAL\r\nIn an envelope bearing no security marking\r\nDISPOSAL\r\nAll unwanted copies must be returned to Director or his nominated representative and a formal receipt obtained Destruction is by shredding or incineration\r\nUnwanted copies must\r\nbe torn into small pieces before disposal\r\nUnwanted copies must be torn into smal! pieces before disposal\r\nThis report has been approved by the relevant Division Manager for its security classification and availability, and by the Assistant Division Manager for its technical content\r\n+ 108 7\r\n.. . .\r\nINSTRUCTIONS ON SECURITY OF DOCUMENTS\r\nHIGHLY CONFIDENTIAL\r\nCONFIDENTIAL\r\nUNCLASSIFIED\r\nDISCLOSURE\r\ninformation not to be disclosed to any persons other than those known to be handling it officially\r\nInformation not to be disclosed to anyone not officially connected with the subject\r\nInformation not to be disclosed to unauthorised people\r\noutside British Gas\r\nCUSTODY ...\r\nTo be kept in a locked steel cupboard or safe when not in use\r\nTo be kept under lock and key when not in use\r\nNo exceptional precautions required\r\nDISTRIBUTION\r\n- 45 -\r\nExternal\r\n- 46 -\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nAfter checking the core alignment, the natural Gamma ray emission was measured using a single channel Core Gamma Analyser. The natural gamma ray emission is plotted against depth on a scale of 1 : 200.\r\nHorizontal plugs were taken, where possible, at about one-foot intervals; vertical plugs at about every five feet. The plugs were cut using water as cutting fluid, extracted with toluene and methanol and dried at 90°℃ before measurements were made.\r\nPermeability measurements were made using dry nitrogen, and are not corrected for Klinkenberg effect. Grain volumes were measured in a Helium gas porosimeter, and bulk volumes in a Ruska porometer. The grain densities were calculated from the plug weights and the measured grain volumes.\r\nResidual saturations of oil and water were determined on the waxed preserved samples from Cores 4 and 5, using the Dean-Stark method.\r\nContents\r\nTable Routine core analysis - horizontal plugs\r\nTable 2 Routine core analysis - vertical plugs\r\nTable 3 Residual oil and water saturations\r\nFigure 1 Poroperm cross plots for horizontal plugs\r\n(1-100)\r\nFigure 2\r\nPoroperm cross plots for horizontal plugs\r\n(101-157) Figure 3\r\nPoroperm cross plots for vertical plugs (158-191)\r\nPorosity and permeability vs depth for horizontal plugs (1-100) Figure 4 Figure 5 Porosity and permeability vs depth for horizontal plugs (101-157)\r\nFigure 6 Porosity and permeability vs depth for vertical plugs\r\n(158-191)\r\nFigure 7 Core Gamma plot vs depth Core 2\r\nFigure 8 Core Gamma plot vs depth Core 3\r\n.. . Figure 9 Core Gamma plot vs depth Core 4\r\nFigure 10 Core Gamma plot vs depth Core 5\r\n-\r\nCore analysis carried out by :\r\nM. A. Collins L.M. W. Ebert J. Minderides A. J. Pearce D. P. Shanley\r\n- 47 -\r\nTABLE 1\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS REPORT\r\nWELL\r\n98\\/11-4z\r\nDATE :\r\nApril 1987\r\nCore:\r\nBox\r\n0\\/S\r\n: Plug No.\r\n1\r\n1\r\nFt.\r\nL\r\nmd\r\nity %\r\nlg\\/cc\r\n2\r\n7\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.3\r\n2\r\n6554.1\r\n0.010\r\n1\r\n4.3\r\n12.66\r\n2\r\n6\r\n1.2 TI\r\n3\r\n1\r\n6555.0\r\n1\r\n0.014\r\n1\r\n4.1 12.67\r\n2\r\n1\r\n6 5\r\n1\r\n0.3 TI\r\n5\r\n6557.1\r\n1\r\n0.070\r\n2.7\r\n2.69\r\n2\r\n1 1\r\n5\r\n1\r\n.3 T:\r\n6\r\n6558.1\r\n0.044\r\n2.4\r\n:2.67\r\n2\r\n1\r\n4\r\n0.5 T\r\nE-\r\n6559.0\r\n0.027\r\n4.0\r\n12.66\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1.5 T:\r\n8\r\n6560.0\r\n0.047\r\n2.6 12.66\r\n2\r\ni\r\nI\r\n1\r\n1\r\n3\r\n2.1 T\r\n11\r\n6563.0\r\n0.135\r\n3.0\r\n2.65\r\n2\r\n1\r\n4\r\n0.5 T.\r\n12\r\n6564.2\r\n0.013\r\n3.3\r\n12.65\r\n2\r\n2\r\n1.5 TI\r\n13\r\n6565.2\r\n0.027\r\n3.4\r\n2.63\r\n2\r\n2\r\n2.4 TI\r\n14\r\n6566.1\r\n0.030\r\n3.6\r\n12.63\r\n2\r\n1\r\n0.5 T!\r\n15\r\n6567.1\r\n0.032\r\n2.7\r\n12.65\r\n2\r\n1\r\n1\r\n10\r\n0.2 T!\r\n17\r\n6608.2\r\n0.160\r\n6.8 2.64\r\n3\r\n10\r\n1.2 T\r\n18\r\n6609.\r\n0.061\r\n5.1\r\n2.62\r\n3\r\n1\r\n10\r\n2.2 T\r\n19\r\n6610.2\r\n0.131\r\n7.2\r\n12.64\r\n3\r\n10\r\n3.1 T!\r\n20\r\n6611.1\r\n0.035\r\n4.0\r\n2.62\r\n3\r\n9\r\n1.0 T!\r\n21\r\n6612.2\r\n0.015\r\n3.3\r\n2.64\r\n3\r\n8\r\n0.2 T!\r\n22\r\n6613.4\r\n0.014\r\n4.1\r\n12.64\r\n3\r\n8\r\n1.0 T:\r\n23\r\n6614.2\r\n0.009\r\n4.4\r\n2.65\r\n3\r\n7\r\n1.6 T:\r\n24\r\n6616.7\r\n0.542\r\n1\r\n7.2\r\n12.62\r\n3\r\n7\r\n2.8 T!\r\n25\r\n6617.9\r\n0.505\r\n7.1 2.61\r\n3\r\n6\r\n0.4 T:\r\n26\r\n6618.8\r\n1.009\r\n8.8\r\n2.60\r\n3\r\n6\r\n1.3 T.\r\n27\r\n6619.7\r\n2.859\r\n12.7\r\n2.62\r\n3\r\n6\r\n2.4 T:\r\n28\r\n6620.8\r\n0.614\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.3 T!\r\n29\r\n6621.7\r\n0.161\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1.4 T:\r\n30\r\n6622.8\r\n1 0.710\r\n1\r\n8.5 2.64\r\n3\r\n5\r\n2.4 T\r\n31\r\n6623.8\r\n1 0.091\r\n6.3\r\n12.66\r\n3\r\n4\r\n0.2 T:\r\n32\r\n6624.7\r\n1.029\r\n11.5\r\n2.63\r\n3\r\n4\r\n1.2 T\r\n33\r\n6625.7\r\n2.634\r\n0.140\r\n6.3\r\n:2.64\r\n3\r\n4\r\n3.0 TI\r\n35\r\n6627.5\r\n: 0.178\r\n7.2\r\n12.64\r\n3\r\n3\r\n1.2 T\r\n36\r\n6623. 9\r\n0.710\r\n9.4\r\n:2.63\r\n3\r\n2\r\n0.7 T\r\n37\r\n6631.4\r\n2.120\r\n6.7 12.64\r\n3\r\n2\r\n1.7 T\r\n38\r\n6632.4\r\n0.227\r\n7.9\r\n12.65\r\n3\r\n2\r\n2.7 T\r\n39\r\n6633. 4\r\n0.099\r\n6.5\r\n12.65\r\n:\r\n:\r\n1\r\n0.5 T\r\n40\r\n6634.4\r\n0.060\r\n6.0\r\n12.68\r\n3\r\n1.4 T\r\n41\r\n1\r\n6635. 3\r\n0.031\r\n5.3\r\n12.65\r\n₾)\r\n1\r\n4\r\n21\r\n0.1 T\r\n43\r\n6638.1\r\n0.018\r\n1\r\n9.7\r\n12.64\r\n4\r\n21\r\n2.2 ₸\r\n45\r\n1\r\n6640.2\r\n0.080\r\n3.8\r\n12.65\r\n4\r\n20\r\n0.1 T:\r\n45\r\n4\r\n6641.2\r\n0.109\r\n6.6\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n20\r\nI\r\n1.1 T:\r\n47\r\n!\r\n6642.2\r\n1\r\n0.034\r\n4.7\r\n12.65\r\n4\r\nI\r\n20\r\n1\r\n2.1 ₸\r\n43\r\nŁ\r\n6643.2\r\n1\r\n0.388\r\n4.8\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n20\r\n1\r\n3.0 T\r\n43\r\n1\r\n6644.1\r\n1\r\n0.423\r\n4.7\r\n12.65\r\n4\r\n1\r\n19\r\ni\r\n0. 8 T:\r\n50\r\n6645.0\r\n4.444\r\n7.7\r\n12.62\r\n1\r\n3\r\n1 1\r\n1\r\n1.1 T!\r\n1C\r\n6562.0\r\n[ 0.016\r\n2.3\r\n2.68\r\n2\r\n1\r\n:\r\n! 1\r\n1\r\n1\r\ni\r\n1.5 TI\r\n16\r\n6568.1\r\n1\r\n0.022\r\n1\r\n. .\r\n.. ..\r\n1\r\ni\r\n:\r\nL\r\n-.\r\n1\r\n1\r\n:\r\n1\r\n5\r\n4\r\nL\r\n1\r\n.\r\n:\r\n!\r\n!\r\n4\r\n2.2 T\r\n34\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1\r\nL\r\n!\r\nİ\r\nI\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.4 T:\r\n42\r\n1\r\n6336.3\r\n0.024\r\n5.5 12.66\r\n4\r\n1\r\n21\r\n1.1 T\r\n44\r\n1\r\n6639.1\r\n0.344\r\n9.4\r\n2.66\r\n1\r\n3\r\n5\r\n1\r\n+\r\n1\r\n:\r\n!\r\n1\r\n1\r\nt\r\n:\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n!\r\n2\r\n1\r\nI\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1 1\r\n2.3 T!\r\n4\r\n6556.1\r\n0.082\r\n1\r\n2.9 :2.66\r\n2\r\n1\r\n.- 14.1\r\n1 1\r\nFt.\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.1 T.\r\n6553.1\r\n1\r\n1 0.024\r\n1 3.7\r\n12.66\r\n6\r\n1\r\n!\r\n0.2 T\r\n6561.1\r\n0.059\r\n2.3\r\n2.67\r\n2\r\n3\r\n1\r\n!\r\n3.5 2.63\r\n3\r\nf\r\n!\r\n1\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1\r\n1\r\nDepth\r\nKah\r\n¡ Poros- IG. D.\r\nNo.\r\nNo.\r\n.. .\r\n. .....\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n3\r\n6626.7\r\n5\r\n1\r\n6.3 2.67\r\n3\r\n12.3 2.63\r\n.\r\n3\r\n5.8 12.65\r\n2\r\n2\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1\r\n.\r\n- 48\r\nTABLE 1 (Cont. )\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS REPORT\r\nWELL : 98\\/11-4z\r\nDATE :\r\nApril 1987\r\n:Poros- |G. D.\r\nCore:\r\nBox\r\n1 0\\/S\r\n: Plug No.\r\nDepth\r\nKah\r\nmd\r\n17.811\r\n1 10.2\r\n12.64\r\n4\r\n4\r\n19\r\n1\r\nt 0.2\r\n52\r\n6646.9\r\n0.007\r\n4.5\r\n2.82\r\n4\r\n1\r\n18\r\n18\r\n1.6 T!\r\n53\r\n6648.3\r\n0.101\r\n3.1\r\n2.70\r\n4\r\ni\r\n17\r\n+\r\n0.2 TI\r\n54\r\n6649.3\r\n0.007\r\n0.005\r\n2.9\r\n2.67\r\n4\r\ni\r\n4\r\n5\r\n17\r\n2.2\r\n56\r\n6651.3\r\n1\r\n0.004\r\n3.0\r\n:2.66\r\n4\r\n16\r\n1.0 T\r\n57\r\n6653.0\r\n0.016\r\n2.0\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n!\r\n16\r\n2.0 T:\r\n58\r\n1\r\n1\r\n6655.0\r\n0.348\r\n4.5\r\n12.65\r\n4\r\n15\r\n1.7 T:\r\n60\r\n6656.0\r\n0.033\r\n7.9\r\n12.64\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.7 T\r\n61\r\n1\r\n6657.0\r\n0.123\r\n10.6\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n14\r\n1\r\n1\r\n14\r\n1.7 T'\r\n6.3\r\n6658.8\r\n0.031\r\n5.1\r\n12.76\r\n4\r\n13\r\n0.3 TI\r\n64\r\n6660.0\r\n0.026\r\n6.0\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n1\r\n13\r\n1.1 T\r\n65\r\n6660.8\r\n0.014\r\n6.9\r\n2.65\r\n4\r\n13\r\n2.0 T:\r\n66\r\n6661. 7\r\n1\r\n78.068\r\n14.9\r\n2.62\r\n4\r\n12\r\n0.2 T\r\n67\r\n6662.7\r\n1\r\n1\r\n79.438\r\n14.0\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n12\r\n1.2 T\r\n68\r\nt\r\n6663.7\r\n1\r\n28.996\r\n10.2\r\n2.63\r\n4\r\n12\r\n2.2 T\r\n69\r\n6665.7\r\n4.864\r\n9.6\r\n2.64\r\n4\r\n1\r\n11\r\n0.3 TI\r\n70\r\n1.3 T:\r\n71\r\n1\r\n6666.7\r\n0.224\r\n5.6\r\n2.65\r\n4\r\nI 1\r\n1\r\n11\r\n2.3 TI\r\n72\r\n6667.7\r\n17.880\r\n9.2 2.66\r\n4\r\n10\r\n1.1 TI\r\n74\r\n6669.3\r\n75.397\r\n12.2\r\n12.63\r\n1\r\n10\r\n2.2 T!\r\n75\r\n:\r\n6670.4\r\n0.031\r\n2.6\r\n12.77\r\n4\r\nt\r\n10\r\n1\r\n1.9 TI\r\n76\r\n6671.1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.007\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.2 2.69\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.6 T\r\n79\r\n1\r\n6674.1\r\n+\r\n0.002\r\n4.9\r\n12.79\r\n1\r\n8\r\n0.5 T\r\n80\r\n6675.1\r\n1.090\r\n13.4\r\n2.61\r\n1\r\n8\r\n.5 T\r\n81\r\n6676.1\r\n19.149\r\n13.8\r\n:2.62\r\n4\r\n1 1\r\n8\r\n2.4 TI\r\n82\r\n6677.0\r\n4.726\r\n1\r\n6.4\r\n2.64\r\n4\r\n1 1\r\n7\r\n0. 2 TI\r\n83\r\n6677.\r\n6678.7\r\n0.030\r\n8.7\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n1\r\n7\r\n3.1 T\r\n86\r\n6680.7\r\n0.896\r\n1\r\n11.7\r\n12.64\r\n!\r\n1\r\n13.5\r\n!2.62\r\n4\r\n1\r\n8\r\n.8 T 1\r\n87\r\n6681.7\r\n0.068\r\n9. 3\r\n12.63\r\n4\r\ni\r\n1\r\n5\r\n.2 -1\r\n89\r\n6683.9\r\n0.058\r\n3.2\r\n12.66\r\n1\r\n5\r\n1.1 Ti\r\n90\r\n6684.8\r\n0.027\r\n1\r\n13.4\r\n12.63\r\n1\r\n5\r\n1\r\n2.1 T!\r\n91\r\n1\r\n1\r\n6686.5\r\n156.800\r\n20.3\r\n:2.62\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n4\r\n0.9\r\nT:\r\n94\r\n6688.6\r\n0.011\r\n4.3\r\n:2.80\r\n4\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n.. 9 1\r\n95\r\n1\r\n6689.6\r\n0.012\r\n4.2\r\n12.81\r\n4\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n3\r\n0.7 T:\r\n96\r\n1\r\n6690.5\r\n95.808\r\n17.3\r\n2.62\r\n4\r\ni\r\nI\r\n3\r\nI\r\n1 .7 T!\r\n97\r\n6691.5\r\n227.883\r\nt\r\n18.7\r\n2.62\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.8 T!\r\n98\r\n6692.6\r\n0.011\r\n2.6\r\n12.76\r\n4\r\n1\r\n3\r\n1\r\n2\r\n1\r\n0.6 T!\r\n99\r\n6693.6\r\n0.004\r\n2.2.12.71\r\n4\r\n:\r\n2\r\n1\r\n1.6 T;\r\n100\r\n6694.6\r\n0.153\r\n7.9 12.67\r\n1\r\nNo.\r\n1 Ft.\r\nI\r\n1.7\r\n51\r\nFt. 6645.9\r\n1\r\n1%\r\n1 g\\/cc\r\nNo.\r\n. ....\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\ni\r\n5\r\n2.8\r\n92\r\n1\r\n6687.6\r\n1 11.824\r\n16.6\r\n12.61\r\n4\r\n1\r\nt\r\n1\r\n1.9 TH\r\n85\r\n6679.\r\n0.080\r\n1\r\nt\r\n7\r\n.1 T:\r\n1\r\n6\r\nI\r\n.. 8 T 1\r\n88\r\n6682.7\r\n4\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1\r\n6685.8\r\n3.350\r\n1\r\n1.6 12.69\r\n4\r\n1\r\n9\r\n1 1\r\n1\r\n1.6 T!\r\n78\r\n6673.1\r\n1\r\n0.002\r\n1\r\nť\r\n!\r\nI\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1.1 T\r\n84\r\n6668.4\r\n0.338\r\n5.5 :2.66\r\n4\r\n1\r\n10\r\n1\r\n0.2 T!\r\n73\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.070\r\n4.9 12.69\r\n1\r\n0.6 TI\r\n77\r\n6672.1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n9\r\n1\r\n.......\r\n1\r\n1\r\n8.1\r\n12.64\r\n0.031\r\n8.2 12.56\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\nL\r\n11\r\n0.8 TI\r\n62\r\n6657.9\r\n0.004\r\n3.3\r\n2.76\r\n4\r\n17\r\n1 1:2 T\r\n55\r\n6650.3\r\n6654.0\r\n0.082\r\n2.9\r\n12.69\r\n.7\r\n59\r\n1\r\n1\r\n15\r\n15\r\n4\r\n4.7 12.75\r\n... ..\r\nI\r\n1\r\n93\r\nŁ 6664.7\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n9\r\n4\r\n4\r\n5.721\r\n1\r\n3.2 12.66\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n4\r\nI\r\n1\r\n4\r\n4.0 2.67\r\n1\r\n0.038\r\n.. .\r\n- 49 -\r\nTABLE 1 (Cont. )\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS REPORT\r\nWELL\r\n98\\/11-4z\r\n1 0\\/S\r\nPlug No.\r\n1\r\nFt.\r\nmd\r\nKah : Poros - 1 ity %\r\nIG. D. lg\\/cc\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n3.4\r\n102\r\n1 6696. 6\r\n88.221\r\n18.8 12.61\r\n4\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1.4 TH\r\n103\r\n1\r\n6697.6\r\n85.049\r\n16.7\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n1\r\n2.3 TI\r\n104\r\n6698.5\r\n1\r\n206.956\r\n18.6\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n1 1\r\n1\r\n.1 0.2 T!\r\n106\r\n6699.2\r\n1 114.738\r\n13.1\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n17\r\nL\r\n1.1 TI\r\n107\r\n6700.1\r\n123.141 1 1\r\n19.6\r\n2.61\r\n5\r\nL\r\nL\r\n16\r\n0.3 TI\r\n109\r\n6702.1\r\n250.003\r\ni\r\n2.103\r\n9.5\r\n2.63\r\n5\r\n16\r\n2.2 T.\r\n111\r\n6704.0\r\n13.279\r\n11.4\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n15\r\n0.2 TI\r\n112\r\n6705.3\r\n1\r\n0.015\r\n3.4\r\n2.71\r\n5\r\n1\r\n15\r\n2.1 T1\r\n113\r\n6707.2\r\n0.035\r\n3.6\r\n2.71\r\n5\r\n1\r\n14\r\n0.2 T!\r\n114\r\n6708.2\r\n0.087\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1.3 TI\r\n115\r\n6709.3\r\n0.003\r\n4.9\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n14\r\n2.3 T:\r\n116\r\n6710.3\r\nI 1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n13\r\n0. 2 T\r\n117\r\n6711.2\r\ni 1\r\n5.940\r\n15.0\r\n12.63\r\n5\r\n13\r\n1.3\r\n118\r\n6712.3\r\n5.303\r\n9.5 2.63\r\n5\r\n13\r\n2.6 TI\r\n119\r\n6713.6\r\n15.455\r\n7.8\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n12\r\n0.7 TI\r\n120\r\n6714.5\r\n36.130\r\n7.9\r\n2.65\r\n5\r\n12\r\n1.7 T!\r\n121\r\n6715.5\r\n25.000\r\n19.3\r\n12.66\r\n5\r\n12\r\n!\r\n2.7 TI\r\n122\r\n6716.5\r\n66.935\r\n19.7 2.64\r\n5\r\n11\r\n0.8 T:\r\n123\r\n6717.8\r\n65.236\r\n14.0\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n11\r\n1.8 TI\r\n124\r\n6718.8\r\n0.020\r\n3.8\r\n2.65\r\n5\r\n11\r\n2.7 TI\r\n125\r\n6719.7\r\n0.062\r\n4.3\r\n12.66\r\n1\r\n1\r\n10\r\n1.4 TH\r\n127\r\n6721.7\r\n0.049\r\n8.3 12.65\r\n5\r\n10\r\n2.4 T\r\n128\r\n6722.7\r\n0.296\r\n6.4\r\n12.65\r\n5\r\n9\r\n0.6 T\r\n129\r\n6723.9\r\n3.179\r\n7.2\r\n12.66\r\n5\r\n9\r\n1.4 TI\r\n130\r\n6724.7\r\n0.026\r\n5.0\r\n12.68\r\n5\r\n:\r\n2.4 T 1\r\n131\r\n6725.7\r\n0.048\r\n6.9 2.69\r\n5\r\n3\r\n0.1\r\n1\r\n132\r\n6726.6\r\n0.013\r\n2.9\r\n12.65\r\n5\r\n3\r\n1.1\r\n133\r\n6727.6\r\n0.828\r\n13.0\r\n2.62\r\n5\r\n2.0\r\n134\r\n6728.5\r\n3.979\r\n13.7\r\n:2.62\r\n135\r\n6729.5\r\n3.741\r\n14.3\r\n12.62\r\n136\r\n6730.6\r\n0.437\r\n8.5\r\n2.64\r\n137\r\n6731.7\r\n15.938\r\n16.8\r\n12.64\r\nt --\r\n2.9\r\nT\r\n138\r\n6732.6\r\n18.279\r\n17.4\r\n12.63\r\n5\r\n6\r\n0.2 TI\r\n139\r\n6732.9\r\n21.326\r\n18.1\r\n12.62\r\n5\r\n1\r\n6\r\n0.9 T\r\n140\r\n6733.6\r\n22.421\r\n1\r\n18.5\r\n:2.63\r\n:\r\n6\r\n.8 T!\r\n141\r\n6734.5\r\n44.088\r\n18.1\r\n12.62\r\n:\r\n6\r\n2.6 TI\r\n142\r\n6733.3\r\n1\r\n26.325\r\n18.7\r\n2.62\r\n1\r\n5\r\n5\r\n0.6 T\r\n143\r\n6736.1\r\n49.070\r\n19.7\r\n2.62\r\n5\r\nF\r\n5\r\n1.6 T:\r\n144\r\n6737.1\r\n72.344\r\n19.2\r\n12.62\r\n5\r\n1\r\n5\r\n2.4 T\r\n145\r\n1\r\n6737.9\r\n5\r\n78.482\r\n20.0\r\n2.63\r\n5\r\n4\r\n.2 T\r\n146\r\n6738.9\r\n106.358\r\nt\r\n19.9\r\n2.62\r\nİ\r\n1\r\n1.1 TI\r\n147\r\n6739.8\r\n59.275\r\n10.6\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.2 TI\r\n148\r\n4\r\n6740.9\r\n30.973\r\n12.6\r\n2.62\r\n5\r\n3\r\n0.1 TI\r\n149\r\n1 1\r\n6741.9\r\n0.055\r\n1\r\n8.4\r\n2.65\r\n5\r\n3\r\n1.3 T!\r\n150\r\n1\r\n6743.1\r\n0.466\r\n9.6\r\n12.63\r\n4\r\n1\r\n2\r\n2.6 TI\r\n101\r\n6695.6\r\n104.172\r\n16.6\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n5\r\n1\r\n17\r\n17\r\n2.1 T:\r\n108\r\n6701.1\r\n1 70.813\r\n18.8\r\n2.62\r\n5\r\n1\r\n16\r\n1.3 T:\r\n110\r\n1\r\n6703.1\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\nt\r\n... ....\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.3 Tİ\r\n126\r\ni\r\n6720.6\r\n1\r\n0.003\r\n4.3\r\n12.66\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n......\r\n1\r\n:\r\nB\r\n3.0 T\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\nT\r\n1\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n5\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n4\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n!\r\n5\r\n10\r\n5\r\n14\r\n1\r\n0.728\r\n12.5\r\n2.65\r\n5\r\nL\r\n1\r\n192.715\r\n!\r\n18.6\r\n:2.62\r\n1\r\n105\r\n6699.3\r\nDATE : Depth\r\nApril 1987\r\nCore! Box No. No. 1 1\r\nFt.\r\n1\r\n15.6 2.63\r\n3.7\r\n2.71\r\n!\r\n1\r\n1\r\n5\r\n5\r\n!\r\n0.9 T!\r\n2.0\r\n1\r\n1\r\nt\r\n1\r\n- 50 -\r\nTABLE 1 (Cont. )\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS REPORT\r\n98\\/11-4z\r\nDATE : Depth\r\nKah md\r\n¡ Poros- ity % 9.8\r\nIG. D. g\\/cc\r\n5\r\n3\r\n1\r\n2\r\n0.1\r\n152\r\n6745.1\r\n0.026\r\n4.4\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n2\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.2 T\r\n154\r\n+\r\n6747.2\r\n0.005\r\n2.9\r\n2.68\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0.3 T!\r\n155\r\n6748.1\r\n0.028\r\n4.9\r\n2.73\r\n5\r\n1.\r\n1\r\n1.3 T:\r\n156\r\n6749.1\r\n1.696\r\n7.8 :2.64\r\n5\r\n1 1\r\n1\r\n1.9 TI\r\n157\r\n6749.7\r\n0.104\r\n3.2\r\n12.66\r\n1\r\nFt.\r\n1\r\n!\r\n2.5 E -4\r\n151\r\n1\r\nFt. 6744.3\r\n0.301\r\n1\r\n.2\r\n153\r\n6746.2\r\n0.026\r\n5.6\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n1\r\n2\r\ni\r\n1\r\n1\r\nWELL 0\\/S\r\nCore: Box\r\n| Plug No. 1\r\nNo.\r\nNo\r\n12.65\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\nApril 1987\r\n..\r\n...\r\n- 51 -\r\nTABLE 2\r\nROUTINE CORE ANALYSIS REPORT\r\nWELL\r\n98\\/11-4z\r\nDATE :\r\nApril 1987\r\nCore: Box\r\n1 O\\/S\r\ni Flug No.\r\nDepth\r\nKav\r\nPoros- ity % 3.8\r\nLE\\/cc\r\nNo. 1 1\r\nNo.\r\n1\r\nFt.\r\n1\r\nI\r\n7\r\n0.6 T!\r\n158\r\n6553.6\r\n1\r\n0.154\r\n2.9 12.68\r\n2\r\n1\r\n1\r\n3\r\n0.7 T;\r\n160\r\n6561.6\r\n1\r\n0.054\r\n2.3\r\n12.68\r\n2\r\n1\r\n1\r\n10\r\n.6\r\n162\r\nI\r\n6608.6\r\n0.069\r\n5.8\r\n12.64\r\n3\r\n8\r\n.6\r\n163\r\n6613.8\r\n0.025\r\n6.9\r\n12.66\r\n3\r\n6\r\n1\r\n0.2 T!\r\n164\r\n6618.6\r\n0.774\r\n9.4\r\n2.63\r\n3\r\n1\r\n5\r\n2.7 T!\r\n165\r\n6624.1\r\n0.477\r\n9.0\r\n2.64\r\n1\r\n!\r\n1\r\n0.5 T\r\n166\r\n6628.2\r\n0.651\r\n1 1\r\n9.0\r\n2.63\r\n3\r\nL\r\n2\r\n4\r\n2.9 T!\r\n167\r\n6633.6\r\n0.108\r\n1\r\n6.6\r\n2.64\r\n3\r\n1\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.9 T\r\n168\r\n6636. 8\r\n0.018\r\n6.3\r\n12.66\r\n4\r\n20\r\n0.9 T!\r\n169\r\n6642.0\r\n0.095\r\n4.8\r\n2.72\r\n4\r\n18\r\n0.4 T!\r\n170\r\n6647.1\r\n0.004\r\n4.6 12.83\r\n4\r\n17\r\n2.5 T\r\n171\r\n6651.6\r\n0.005\r\n3.7\r\n2.67\r\n4\r\n1\r\n15\r\n2.5 T\r\n172\r\n6656.8\r\n4.161\r\n14.6\r\n12.62\r\n4\r\n13\r\n1.6 TI\r\n173\r\n6661.3\r\n0.069\r\n8.8\r\n12.64\r\n4\r\n11\r\n1 1\r\n1.4 T\r\n174\r\n6666.8\r\n0.410\r\n6.8\r\n12.65\r\n4\r\n9\r\n0.2 T:\r\n175\r\n6671.7\r\n0.005\r\n10.6\r\n12.64\r\n4\r\n8\r\n2.4 TI\r\n176\r\n6677.0\r\n:\r\n2.690\r\n7.3\r\n12.65\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1.1 TI\r\n177\r\n6682.0\r\n7.179\r\n16.7\r\n2.63\r\n4\r\n4\r\n0.8 TI\r\n178\r\n6687.5\r\n0.013\r\n3.5\r\n2.77\r\n1\r\n3\r\nE\r\n2.7 T:\r\n179\r\n6692.5\r\n91.689\r\n16.9\r\n12.62\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1.2 Tl\r\n180\r\n6697.4\r\n5\r\n16\r\n0.1 T\r\n181\r\n6699.1\r\n9.284\r\n9.3\r\n2.66\r\n5\r\n15\r\n1\r\n1.9\r\n1\r\n182\r\n4\r\n6707.\r\n87.614\r\n17.5\r\n12.63\r\n5\r\n13\r\n1.2 TI\r\n183\r\n6712.2\r\n23.427\r\n14.4\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n12\r\n3.0 TI\r\n184\r\n6716.8\r\n43.939\r\n9.3\r\n:2.66\r\n1\r\n10\r\n1.7 T\r\n185\r\n6721.2\r\n0.421\r\n10.8\r\n:2.67\r\n:\r\n1\r\n8\r\n0.4 T\r\n186\r\n6726.9\r\n0.067\r\n7.1\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n1\r\n!\r\n5\r\n!\r\n.. 4\r\n188\r\n6731.8 6736.9\r\n70.180\r\n19.2\r\n2.64\r\n5\r\n4\r\n2.9\r\n189\r\n1\r\n6741.6\r\n0.121\r\n4.4\r\n:2.67\r\n5\r\n.\r\n2\r\n1.6 TI\r\n130\r\n6746.6\r\n0.076\r\n1\r\n5\r\n1\r\n.8\r\n191\r\n6749.6\r\n0.210\r\n3.4\r\n:2.63\r\n1\r\n1\r\n0. 4 TI\r\n161\r\n6567.0\r\n0.037\r\n4.3\r\n12.65\r\n3\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1 1\r\n4\r\n1 1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n6\r\n!\r\n1\r\n1 1\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\ni\r\n1\r\n7\r\n2.1 T\r\n187\r\n!\r\n19.882\r\n18.7\r\n2.65\r\n5\r\n:\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n₥\r\n5.5 :2.65\r\nL\r\n6556.6\r\n2.7 TI\r\n159\r\nFt.\r\nmd\r\n1 0.018\r\n12.68\r\n2\r\n1\r\nt\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n2.9 2.74\r\n4\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n5\r\n5\r\n1\r\n1\r\n.\r\n1\r\n1\r\nIG. D.\r\n2\r\n1\r\n3\r\n3\r\n23.126\r\n1\r\n1\r\n- 52 -\r\nTABLE 3\r\nWell No:\r\n98\\/11-4z\r\nApril 1987\r\nSample No.\r\nNo.\r\nNo.\r\n(ft)\r\nFt.\r\n%\r\n%\r\n%\r\n1\r\n4\r\n16\r\n0.3\r\n6652.3\r\n3.7\r\nNA\r\n37.9\r\n2\r\n4\r\n13\r\n2.5\r\n6662.2\r\n14.1\r\n0.1\r\n54.1\r\n3\r\n4\r\n10\r\n1.5\r\n6669.7\r\n8.6\r\n12.2\r\n27.4\r\n4\r\n4\r\n8\r\n1.9\r\n6676.5\r\n13.6\r\n6.6\r\n34.7\r\n5\r\n4\r\n6\r\n0.4\r\n6681.3\r\n18.1\r\n7.1\r\n33.1\r\n6\r\n4\r\n4\r\n0.2\r\n6686.9\r\n20.2\r\n7.2\r\n37.3\r\n7\r\n4\r\n3\r\n2.2\r\n6692.0\r\n15.5\r\n6.1\r\n34.9\r\n8\r\n4\r\n1\r\n2.6\r\n6698. 8\r\n19.4.\r\n10.8\r\n40.2\r\n9\r\n5\r\n17\r\n2.6\r\n6701.6\r\n11.3\r\n5.2\r\n40.8\r\n10\r\n5\r\n15\r\n1.6\r\n6706.7\r\n15.7\r\n1.2\r\n47.3\r\n11\r\n5\r\n13\r\n2.1\r\n6713.1\r\n7.3\r\nNA\r\n60.1\r\n12\r\n5\r\n11\r\n0.5\r\n6717.5\r\n7.1\r\n5.0\r\n44.2\r\n13\r\n5\r\n9\r\n0.2\r\n6723.5\r\n6.9\r\n1.1\r\n62.0\r\n14\r\n5\r\n7\r\n0.2\r\n6729.9\r\n17.5\r\n8.6\r\n45.9\r\n15\r\n5\r\n5\r\n2.9\r\n6738.4\r\n19.4\r\nNA\r\n63.5\r\n16\r\n5\r\n3\r\n2.0\r\n6743.8\r\n6.4\r\nNA\r\n79.3\r\nCore\r\nBox Box O\\/s\r\nDepth\r\nPorosity\r\nSor\r\nSwr\r\nOil & Water Saturations\r\n-\r\n.. .\r\n**.. ...\r\nFIG.1 GC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4Z Horizontal Plugs 1-100\r\n3\r\n2\r\n1\r\nLog k md\r\n0\r\n- 1\r\n-2\r\n-3\r\n1\r\n3\r\n5\r\n7\r\n9\r\n11\r\n13\r\n15\r\n17\r\n19\r\n21\r\nPorosity %\r\n- 53 -\r\nFIG.2 GC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4z Horizontal Plugs 101-157\r\n3\r\n2\r\n1\r\n0\r\n-- 1\r\nD\r\n₾2\r\n-- 3\r\n--\r\n-\r\n-\r\n2\r\n1\r\n6\r\n8\r\n10\r\n12\r\n14\r\n16\r\n18\r\n20\r\nPorosity %\r\n-\r\n- 54 -\r\nLog k md\r\nhow\r\nFIG.3\r\nGC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4z Vertical Plugs (158-191)\r\n2\r\n0\r\n1.5\r\n1\r\n0.5\r\nLog kv,md\r\n0\r\n-0.5\r\n-1\r\nC\r\n-1.5\r\n-2\r\n- 2.5\r\n-\r\n-\r\n2\r\n1\r\n6\r\n8\r\n10\r\n12\r\n14\r\n16\r\n18\r\n20\r\nPorosity %\r\n- 55 -\r\nFIG.4 GC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4Z Horizontal Plugs 1-100\r\n22\r\n20\r\n18\r\nPorosity\r\n16\r\n14\r\n12\r\n10\r\n8\r\n6\r\n4\r\n-\r\n2\r\n0\r\n-2\r\n-4\r\n-\r\n.\r\n6.55\r\n6.57\r\n6.59\r\n6.61\r\n6.63\r\n6.65\r\n6.67\r\n6.69\r\nDepth (Thousands Ft)\r\n- 56 -\r\nLog k md\r\nFIG.5 GC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4Z Horizontal Plugs 101-157\r\n20\r\n18\r\n%\r\n16\r\nPorosity\r\n14\r\n12\r\n·\r\n1\r\n10\r\n8\r\n-\r\n6\r\nLog k md\r\n4\r\n2\r\n0\r\n-2\r\n-4\r\n--\r\n6.69\r\n6.71\r\n6.73\r\n6.75\r\nDepth (Thousands Ft.)\r\n- 57 -\r\n1\r\n-\r\n-\r\n#m\r\nFIG.6\r\nGC(E) WELL 98\\/11-4z Vertical Plugs (158-191)\r\n20\r\n18\r\n16\r\n%\r\nPorosity\r\n14\r\n12\r\n10\r\n00\r\n0\r\n2\r\n0\r\n02\r\n-4\r\n-\r\n6.55\r\n6.57\r\n6.59\r\n6.61\r\n6.63\r\n6.65\r\n6.67\r\n6.69\r\n6.71\r\n6.73\r\n6.75\r\nDepth (Thousands Ft)\r\n- 58 -\r\nLog kv,md\r\n- 59 -\r\nT\r\nCORE GAMMA LOG\r\n98 11-4Z CORE 2\r\nSCALE 1:200\r\n54313.\r\n330\r\nGRANITE STANDARD TOP 6553.00\r\nNo. SE -102 -2-B\r\nGRANITE STANDARD BOTTOM 65 68.45'\r\n.. ..\r\nIl .. TOA Electronlos Ltd. \\\"\r\n340\r\n.. ..\r\nFigure 7 Core 2 96% recovery, depths taken from core record\r\n-\r\n. ...\r\n- 60 -\r\nLL\r\n-\r\n-...\r\n17.\r\nNo. SE -10Z -2 -B\r\nCORE GAMMA LOG\r\n98\\/11-42 CORE 3\r\n350cm\r\nSCALE 1:200\r\nGRANITE STANDARD TOP 6608.00'\r\nor TOA Electronics Lid.\r\nRUBBLE\r\nGRANITE STANDARD BOTTOM 6637.00'\r\nFigure 8 Core 3 97% recovery, depths taken from core record.\r\n- 61 -\r\n-\r\n-\r\nCORE GAMMA LOG 98\\/11-42\r\nCORE 4 SCALE 1: 200\r\n:\r\nGRANITE STANDARD TOP 6638.00'\r\n360\r\n1\r\nGRANITE STANDARD BOTTOM 6698.65'\r\nNo. SE - 102 - 2 - 8\r\n170\r\nTOA Electronics Ltd.\r\nFigure 9 Core 4 100% recovery, depths taken from core record\r\n.... . **\r\n- 62 -\r\n---.\r\n.. . . -\r\n380\r\n.\r\n--. ......\r\nNo. SE - 10Z -2 -B\r\n1\r\nCORE GAMMA LOG 98\\/11-42 CORE 5 SCALE 1:200\r\nIN TOA Electronics Ltd. .....\r\n390\r\nGRANITE STANDARD TOP 6699.00'\r\n--\r\nGRANITE STANDARD BOTTOM, 6750.00\r\n400cm\r\nI\r\n54313.\r\n-\r\n10Z-2-B\r\nFigure 10 Core 5 100% recovery, depths taken from core record\r\n- 63 -\r\n3.4 SIDEWALL CORE RECORD SHEETS\r\n.. .\r\n- 64 - CST RECORD SHEET\r\nCompany. SCHLUMBERGER ..........\r\nWeil.\r\n98\\/11-4Z\r\n.......\r\nLog Response\r\nBullet\r\nCharge\r\nRelease Ring\r\nFired\r\nRecovery Ins\\/Cms\r\nDepth\r\nSonic\r\nCal\r\n1\r\n6605\r\n65\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n2\r\n6601\r\n63\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\nC\r\n3\r\n6597\r\n56\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n0\r\n4\r\n6592 .\r\n6588\r\n70\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n6584\r\n57\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n0\r\n6580\r\n55\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n0\r\n6576\r\n55\r\n8.25\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\nG\r\n4856\r\n82\r\n9\r\n12\r\nX\r\n10\r\n4706\r\n85\r\n10\r\n12\r\nx\r\n11\r\n4555 !\r\n63\r\n9\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n12\r\n4522\r\n90\r\n9\r\n12\r\n×\r\n13\r\n4519\r\n65\r\n9\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n14\r\n4514\r\n3 .9\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n:5\r\n4508\r\n75\r\n9\r\n12\r\nX\r\n16\r\n4495\r\n78\r\n9\r\n12\r\nX\r\n17\r\n4480\r\n70 :\r\n9\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n18\r\n4067\r\n72\r\n8.75\r\n12\r\nX\r\n21\r\n4045\r\n55\r\n8.5\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n0\r\n22\r\n:035\r\n4023\r\n90\r\n10\r\n12\r\n24\r\n4024\r\n95\r\n10\r\n10\r\n×\r\n25\r\n3849\r\n70\r\n8.5\r\n12\r\n×\r\n28\r\n3670\r\n88\r\n9\r\n12\r\nX\r\n27\r\n3612\r\n105\r\n13\r\n10\r\nX\r\n2₴\r\n3433\r\nICO\r\n9.5\r\n1C\r\n29\r\n3238\r\n9.25\r\n10\r\n30\r\n3086\r\n102\r\n10.5\r\nDate\r\n16th APRIL 1987\r\nRun No ..\r\n3\r\nEngineer\r\nP. WERNER\r\nWitness\r\nM. BOWCOCK\r\nCST depths from\r\nDLL\\/SCNIC\\/GR\r\n.iog\r\nDepth correlated with\r\nGR\\/SP . . SONIC.\r\nNo: Attempted\r\n30\r\nFired.\r\nMisfires\r\n0\r\nNo: Recovered\r\n7\r\nEmpty\r\n0\r\nLost\r\nRemarks:\r\nCLD TYPE CST BULLETS\r\ni\r\n9\r\n12\r\n20\r\n4053\r\n72\r\n1 9\r\n12\r\n10\r\nX\r\n. . ...\r\n10.5\r\nX\r\n23\r\n4058\r\n72\r\n:\r\n---\r\n×\r\n0\r\n56\r\n13.5\r\nX\r\n30\r\n23\r\n- 65 -\r\n3.5 SIDEWALL CORE DESCRIPTIONS\r\n- 66 -\r\n3.5 SIDEWALL CORE DESCRIPTIONS\r\nDepth\r\nCore No\r\nReov\r\nQual\r\nLithology\\/Formation\r\n3086'\r\n30\r\nFrags\r\nPoor\r\nClaystone\\/Kimmeridge Clay\r\nMedium grey, slightly-moderately hard, subplaty-subfissile, laminated in part, micromicaceous, carbonaceous, calcareous.\r\n3238'\r\n29\r\nFrags Poor\r\nClaystone\\/Kimmeridge Clay\r\nGenerally as above.\r\n3433'\r\n28\r\nFrags\r\nPoor\r\nClaystone\\/Kimmeridge Clay\r\nGenerally as above.\r\n3612'\r\n27\r\n1\\\"\r\nGood\r\nClaystone\\/Kimmeridge Clay\r\nLight grey, light-medium grey, grey-green, moderately hard, subblocky, laminated in part, micromicaceous, calcareous.\r\n3670'\r\n26\r\n1\\\"\r\nGood\r\nClaystone\\/Kimmeridge Clay\r\nLight grey, light green-grey moderately hard, subblocky, very calcareous.\r\n3849'\r\n25\r\nFrags Poor\r\nLimestone\\/Osmington Colite\r\nLight-medium grey, cream, hard, blocky, irregular angular fracture, microcrystalline.\r\n4024'\r\n24\r\nFrags Mod\r\nClaystone\\/Oxford Clay\r\nMedium-light grey, slightly hard, sub- platy, micromicaceous, calcareous.\r\n4028'\r\n23\r\n1\\\" Good\r\nClaystone\\/Oxford Clay\r\nGenerally as above\r\n4035'\r\n22\r\nFrags Poor\r\nClaystone\\/Oxford Clay\r\nGenerally as above.\r\n4045'\r\n21\r\nNO RECOVERY\r\n4053'\r\n20\r\nFrags Poor\r\nSiltstone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nMedium grey, light-medium grey, firm- slightly hard, subblocky-subplaty, micromicaceous, sandy (very fine - fine grained).\r\n... .. .\r\n. ...\r\n......\r\n.....\r\n..... ..\r\n1: .- 14\r\n- 67 -\r\nDepth\r\nCore No.\r\nRecov\r\nQual\r\nLithology\\/Formation\r\n4058'\r\n19\r\n1\\\"\r\nMOD\r\nSiltstone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nGenerally as above, bioturbated, sandy streaks (very fine-fine grained) .\r\n4067'\r\n18\r\n1ª\r\nGood\r\nSiltstone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nAs above.\r\n4480'\r\n17\r\nFrags Mod\r\nLimestone\\/Claystone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nLimestone: medium grey, moderately hard, irregular angular fracture, cryptocrystalline, pyritic, argillaceous, interbedded with Claystone, light grey, moderately hard, subblocky-subplaty, calcareous.\r\n-\r\n4494'\r\n16\r\n3\\/4\\\"\r\nGood\r\nClaystone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nLight-medium grey, moderately hard, subblocky, micromicaceous, calcareous.\r\n4508'\r\n15\r\nFrags Poor\r\nLimestone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nLight grey-white, hard, blocky, brittle, splintery-angular fracture, cryptocrystalline.\r\n4515'\r\n14\r\n1\\/2\\\"\r\nMod\r\nLimestone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nGenerally as above.\r\n4518'\r\n13\r\n1\r\nMod\r\nLimestone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nGenerally as above, argillaceous grading to claystone.\r\n4522'\r\n12\r\nFrags Mod\r\nClaystone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nmedium grey-brown, moderately hard, subplaty, micromicareous, calcareous.\r\n4555'\r\n11\r\n1\\\" Good\r\nLimestone\\/Downcliff Clay\r\nMedium grey, grey-green, moderately hard- hard, blocky-subplaty, argillaceous, crystalline.\r\n4706'\r\n10\r\nFrags Mod\r\nClaystone\\/Lower Lias\r\nDark grey-brown, moderately hard, subplaty, calcareous.\r\n1\r\n- 69 -\r\n... ...\r\n.\r\n4 SUMMARY OF LOGGING SERVICES\r\n... .\r\n..... ..\r\n.\r\n- 70 -\r\nWELL :\r\n98\\/11-42\r\nSECTION :\r\nSUMMARY OF LOGGING SERVICES\r\nSHT 1 OF 1\r\nDATE: 15 JUNE 87\r\nAREA :\r\nENGLISH CHANNEL\r\nLOGGER:\r\nSCHLUMBERGER\r\nZERO ELEVATION:\r\nRT = 113' ABOVE MSL\r\nSIZE 'fas.\r\nDEPTH, RKB\\/ Et ( DRILLERS ) LOGGERS\r\nLOG INTERVAL RKB\\/ft.\r\nLS\r\nDATE\r\nLOGGING SERVICES ( in cun sequence )\r\n( CSC . )\r\nBTM. HOLE\r\nSHOE\r\nBTM\r\nTOP\r\nSEE 98\\/11-4 FOR TOP HOLE\r\nLOGS\r\n(95\\/8)\r\n(3000 )\r\n(7240)\r\n7227\r\n3004\r\n15 APR 87\r\nDLL\\/MSFL\\/BHC\\/GR\r\n2\r\n167 (9)\r\n7221\r\n3004\r\n16 APR 87\r\nLDL\\/CNL\\/NGS\r\n3\r\n177 (16.5)\r\n7220\r\n3004\r\n16 APR 87\r\nSHOT\\/GR\r\n180 (27.5)}\r\n6605\r\n3004\r\n16 APR 87\r\nCST-C\r\n5\r\n(7)\r\n(7240)\r\n7000\r\n2800\r\n20 APR 87\r\nCBL\\/VDL\\/GR\\/CCL\r\n6\r\n180 (6)\r\n6740\r\n20 APR 87\r\nBRIDGE PLUG\r\n7\r\n6565\r\n27 APR 87\r\nCCL CORRELATION LOG\r\n8\r\n6550\r\n30 APR 87\r\nCCL CORRELATION LOG\r\n9\r\n7227\r\n3004\r\n15 APR 87\r\nDLL\\/MSFL\\/BHC\\/CR ( COMPOSITE)\r\n10\r\n7000\r\n6460\r\n16 APR 87\r\nCYBERLOOK\r\n7227\r\n150\r\nCALIPERS\r\nNotes\r\nWINDOW EST IN 02\\/8\\\" CSG FROM 3000' - 3099'.\r\n2.\r\nBHC RUY IN COMBINATION, FIRST READING BHC = 7158' .\r\n13. COMPUTED NOT RATIOS ALSO MADE.\r\nCOMPUTED CYBERDIS ALSO MADE.\r\n,5. 30 CORES ATTEMPTED, 23 RECOVERED. RUN OVER 7\\\" CASING. 7\\\" HALLIBURTON EZ DRILL, BRIDGE PLUG SET AT 5740'.\r\n13. RUN 3.\r\n9.\r\nRUNS 4 & 5.\r\n110. RESISTIVITY, SONIC & GR COMPOSITE LOG ( FOR D.O. E. SUBMISSION) . 111. MERCED CALIPER COMPOSITE.\r\n. - .***\r\n....\r\nNOTE No.\r\nBHT\\/ºF (Period static\\/ hrs)\r\nft\\/min\r\n.... .\r\n- 71 -\r\n.....\r\n--\r\n5. TESTING SUMMARY\r\n:24 --\r\n- 73 -\r\nINTERPRETED RESULTS\r\nFormation\r\nSherwood+oil zone\r\nFlow period\r\nMain\r\nP* at gauge depth (psia)\r\n2817.1\r\nGauge depth (ft TVDSS)\r\n-5939.8\r\nP* at datum = GOC (psia)\r\n2854.1\r\nDatum depth (ft TVDSS)\r\n£6059\r\nkh (md ft)\r\n126.8\r\nPermeability (md)\r\n2.05\r\nTotal Apparent skin Sa\r\n3.7\r\nSkin due to deviation Sswp\r\n1.2\r\nDamage skin S\r\n+4.9\r\nPI (actual) b\\/d\\/psí\r\n0.13\r\nPI (ideal) b\\/d\\/psi\r\n0.19\r\nRadius of Investigation (ft)\r\n1250\r\nDistance to discontinuity (ft)\r\n76\r\n.. .\r\n...\r\n... .\r\n- 74 -\r\nDST 2 Sherwood Sandstone - Gas Zone\r\nThe Sherwood Sandstone interval 6586-6648 ft RKB was cased hole tested. During the 9 hour flow period the well flowed at a rate which increased to 24,000 scf\\/d. The final flow rate was not measured but was estimated at # 50,000 scf\\/d. The test was abandoned without performing a build-up. The gas S.G. was 0.75 at 60 ºF, H2S was zero and CO2 0.1%.\r\nDST 2 SUMMARY TABLE\r\nFormation\r\nSherwood-gas zone\r\nPerforated Interval\r\n6586-6648 MDRKB 5995-6043 TVDSS\r\nFlow Period\r\nMain\r\nFlow Rate Initial\r\n0 cu ft\\/d\r\nFinal (Measured)\r\n24,000 cu ft\\/d\r\nProduction time\r\n9 hours\r\nINTERPRETED RESULTS\r\nP* at gauge depth (psia)\r\n2763.3\r\nGauge depth (ft RKB)\r\n6430.5 (5876.4 TVDSS)\r\nP* at datum (psia)\r\n2858.3\r\nDatum depth-GOC (TVDSS)\r\n6059", "vector_content": [ 0.021646427, -0.0018711244, -0.00963764, 0.010621207, -0.017688097, -0.001683089, -0.026100958, 0.047228582, -0.032684885, 0.03313305, 0.040665433, 0.024549268, 0.021644585, 0.0047369394, 0.002534582, 0.049163427, -0.025603518, -0.013358403, 0.0028869328, -0.011359587, 0.006727925, 0.013595817, 0.011378427, 0.039031956, -0.00037804447, 0.0055763987, -0.007168887, 0.025070615, -0.0022480227, 0.00458317, 0.016509397, 0.013631449, 0.0055985306, 0.026225958, 0.009320405, -0.016054269, 0.03407484, 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"exportfilename": "98_11-_4Z_WRI_GEOL_GEOW_1464545" }, { "@search.score": 0.54271245, "content": "FRONTIER EXPLORATION\r\nGeological review of deepwater Liberian basin outlines prospectivity\r\nNew data and drilling results show great promise offshore Liberia.\r\nMuhammad S. Tamannai, Ian Deighton, and Peter Conn, TGS\r\nThe Liberian basin comprises offshore Liberia and Sierra Leone. Details of the regional structure and petroleum prospectivity of this frontier margin have not been well understood. In 2000-2001, TGS acquired 9,382 line km (5,715 line miles) of regional 2-D seismic data, and an interpretation report was released in 2007 and revised in 2010. Between 2007 and 2011, a series of 3-D seismic surveys was acquired over several blocks in the Liberian basin. All of these datasets have provided better understanding of the regional structure and petroleum prospectivity of this frontier margin.\r\nIn 2009-2010, a new long-offset seismic survey was performed in Liberian ultra-deep waters to evaluate its hydrocarbon prospectivity and provide a good-quality extension of existing seismic into ultra-deep waters. Evalu- ations of all the 2-D and 3-D datasets have provided a\r\nThe location of the Liberian basin shows its proximity to the major transfer fault zones. (Images courtesy of TGS)\r\ngood understanding of the structural evolution and hydrocarbon potential of Liberian frontier waters.\r\nGeological background\r\nThe geological evolution of the Liberian basin is related to the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. The offshore Liberia margin is bound by the Sierra Leone transform system to the north and the St. Paul transform system to the south. The area is structurally complex, with trans- pressional and transtensional systems associated with these major fault zones. Between the major fracture zones, the upper Cretaceous depositional environments were less affected by major faulting, which allowed depo- sition of thick deepwater shales and turbidite sands.\r\nExploration in offshore Liberia\r\nOn the offshore Liberian continental shelf, two exploratory drilling stages took place (1970-1972 and 1984-1985) with a total of nine wells in 400 m (1,310 ft) maximum water depth. Oil shows were encountered in eight of the wells, but no commercial discov- ery was made. Deepwater economics and lack of good-quality modern seismic data were among the main reasons for early termination of exploration campaigns.\r\nRecent advances in deepwater technology have opened up the region to a new phase of exploration. In offshore Sierra Leone, the Venus B-1 discovery well (2009), drilled in 1,800 m (5,905 ft) water depth, found 14 m (46 ft) net of hydrocarbon pay in upper Cre- taceous deepwater fan sands. This was fol- lowed by the Mercury-1 discovery in 2010. Mercury-1 was drilled in 1,600 m (5,245 ft) water depth and encountered 41 m (135 ft) net of oil pay within the same play.\r\nIn 2011, two exploration wells were drilled offshore Liberia, Apalis-1 and Montserrado-1. Apalis-1 found upper Cretaceous source and reservoir rock with oil shows. Montserrado-1 was drilled to a depth of 5,400 m (17,720 ft) and made a noncommercial oil discovery in late Cretaceous reservoir sands. The well\r\nApril 2012 | EPmag.com\r\n58\r\nFRONTIER EXPLORATION\r\nencountered good-quality, water-bearing sands in the main objective. In a deeper secondary target, 8 m (26 ft) of hydrocarbon pay was intersected, and a sample of light oil was recovered.\r\nPetroleum systems evaluation\r\nTwo petroleum systems exist in the offshore Liberian basin, early Cretaceous and late Cretaceous. Exploration wells drilled on the shelf show that the early Cretaceous contains three or more oil-prone marine and lacustrine (Type II\\/III) source rock intervals that extend in age from Aptian to Albian.\r\nAbundant structural traps are potential targets within the lower Cretaceous system. They are mainly fault blocks and fault-associated structural closures related to transtensional regimes during the mid-Cretaceous rift- ing event. Where found as transpressional pop-ups, these structures can be associated with strike-slip motions. Fault blocks were the main exploration targets in wells drilled on the shelf. They also exist in ultra-deep water, where\r\nthey could be potential exploration targets.\r\nThe late Cretaceous system is the most important. Source rocks are formed by late Cenomanian to Turon- ian organic-rich (Type II) marine shales deposited throughout the central and southern Atlantic during a global anoxic event. Within this system, significant recent discoveries have been made offshore Ghana, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Multiple sandstone reservoir targets overlie the potential source rock interval.\r\nFollowing recent discoveries, stratigraphic traps are now seen as the most prospective play type in the off- shore Liberian basin (and throughout the West African transform margin). Deepwater fan and lobe structures occur throughout the mid- to upper-Cretaceous sequence, providing potentially attractive reservoirs. A regional channel\\/fan complex has been identified and mapped across from the slope extending into the deep basinal areas between intra-Campanian and top Creta- ceous. Seismic imaging allowed delineation of multiple fans within this thick complex. The presence of sand\r\nCustom solutions for oil and gas production.\r\n+ Bobtail Tanks\r\n· Vacuum Trailers\r\n* Lubrication Trucks\r\n. Mobile Fracturing Units\r\n+ Winch Trucks\r\n# Lowboy Trailers\r\nf\r\nJ J&J is located in the heart of the Marcellus Shale region.\r\nTRUCK BODIES & TRAILERS Buit for the Long Haul\\\"\r\nCall for a quote today. 800.598.8552 sales@jjbodies.com www.libodies.com\r\nQuality is the # 1 reason our customers choose\r\nEPmag.com|\r\nApril 2012\r\n59\r\nFRONTIER EXPLORATION\r\nbodies is indicated by brighter seismic ampli- tudes within each fan.\r\nBasin modeling\r\nShelf wells have been used to constrain a regional crustal model, which was used as the starting point for stretching-based thermo-tectonic geo-his- tory modeling. In addi- tion to the shelf wells, pseudowells have been modeled at various selected deepwater loca- tions to understand sedi- ment paleo-temperatures within the study area.\r\nExtreme crustal stretch- ing associated with early Cretaceous Atlantic rift- ing resulted in rapid subsidence to bathyal conditions in the late Albian.\r\nTwo main source rock intervals (Turonian-Ceno- manian and late Albian) were modeled for hydro- carbon expulsion. The modeling indicated that:\r\n· Burial and tempera- ture conditions in Liberia ultra-deep water are such that the Cretaceous source rocks expelled hydrocarbons during the late Cretaceous to present;\r\n· Early Cretaceous source rocks would have under- gone peak expulsion within the late Cretaceous; and\r\n· The major phase of expulsion of Turonian-Ceno- manian source rocks occurred throughout the late Cretaceous to early Paleogene.\r\nIn summary, the study indicated several aspects of Liberian basin geology:\r\n· The study area is structurally complex in parts. Its evolution and architecture are controlled by ocean spreading and transform movements. It is bounded by the Sierra Leone and the St. Paul transform zones;\r\n. Extensive thick channel\\/stacked fan complexes (within late Albian-top Cretaceous) have been iden-\r\n-\r\nA regional Liberian ultra-deep seismic line shows the complete sedimentary sequence. Structural traps and some potential hydrocarbon indicators (fluid conduits) also are shown.\r\nUltra Dup Belamis\r\nRagiara Selsnic\r\nFon C\r\nFanB\r\nTog Turmin\r\nA composite seismic line extending from Liberian shallow waters to ultra-deep basins (>4,000 m, or 13,525 ft water depth) shows three fans identified between intra-Campanian and top Cretaceous.\r\ntified extending from mid-shelf across to the ultra- deep basin;\r\n· Upper Cretaceous stratigraphic and Lower Creta- ceous structural play types (tilted fault blocks) have been identified and evaluated;\r\n· An Albian lacustrine shale and a regional Turonian- Cenomanian marine shale are the two main source rocks in the study area. Thermal modeling indicates that these source rocks are mature, with peak expul- sion throughout the late Cretaceous to early Paleo- gene; and\r\n· Numerous potential hydrocarbon indicators (bright\\/dim amplitudes, gas chimneys) have been identified, suggesting working hydrocarbon systems that have been proven by recent drilling results. 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-0.0067214873, -0.0022676862, 0.00490827, 0.0199314, 0.009485594, -0.034567647, -0.008581316, 0.0012002656, 0.0063392664, 0.008604622, 0.01761011, 0.013284492, -0.008408851, -0.0046495725, 0.007882132, -0.010254696, -0.021255188, 0.003712666 ], "indexsetname": "Client Test Documents", "dxlink": "\"dbdefid\":\"CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618\",\"documentid\":\"DFD2BAF7587645FFAAC6A2826679D559\"", "documentkey": "CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618_DFD2BAF7587645FFAAC6A2826679D559", "filetype": ".pdf", "versioncount": 1, "linkstatus": 0, "subject": "0412-geological-review-of-deepwater-liberian-basin-outlines-prospectivitiy", "documenttype": null, "documentdate": null, "documentdatestr": "", "status": 32768, "statusstr": "32768", "docpages": 3, "docsizekb": null, "created": "2025-01-29T09:09:26Z", "modified": "2025-02-22T18:59:00Z", "operator": "DXServiceAccount", "folderid": "1EC7B320D7F94B66BF4DAEED2CB57F1B", "pid": "0", "documentid": "DFD2BAF7587645FFAAC6A2826679D559", "documentidalias": "DFD2BAF7587645FFAAC6A2826679D559", "dbdefid": "CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618", "fielddefid": "C8D5107D8C564810B2565229DAE33007", "docsize": 161749, "maxversions": 1, "documentviewer": 1, "signoutdate": null, "signoutby": null, "signoutmsg": null, "findbyid": null, "accessed": "2025-02-22T18:59:00Z", "exportfilename": "0412-geological-review-of-deepwater-liberian-basin-outlines-prospectivitiy" }, { "@search.score": 0.53964955, "content": "GeoArabia, Vol. 12, No. 4, 2007 Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy: Potential implications for global chronostratigraphy\r\nMichael D. Simmons, Peter R. Sharland, David M. Casey, Roger B. Davies and Owen E. Sutcliffe\r\nABSTRACT\r\nThe ability to recognise and correlate third-order depositional sequences across Arabia and between Arabia and other plates indicates that these sequences are driven by synchronous eustatic sea-level change. This is of value in providing guidance for the definitions of stages, which are the fundamental units of chronostratigraphy. Each Phanerozoic stage requires a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), which is a location and specific bedding plane where the base of each stage is defined. This definition is tied to an event in the rock record useful for correlation. Progress in defining GSSPs has been delayed because of difficulties in choosing the most appropriate event and section to relate to a definition. It is recommended here that stage boundaries be related to correlative conformities of sequence boundaries. This closely links chronostratigraphy with sequence stratigraphy and honours the original concepts upon which many stages were first described in the 19th Century.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nPerhaps one of the most basic and often-asked questions in geoscience is \\\"what age is it?\\\" when referring to part of an outcrop or subsurface succession. To this end many geoscientists will have a geological timescale wallchart or reference card close to hand showing the relative positions of the familiar subdivisions of the geological timescale (Figure 1). Whilst most geologists will be aware that timescales evolve because of new radiometric dates or improvements in radiometric dating calibration and precision (for example, compare the latest timescale of Gradstein et al., 2004, with one of its predecessors such as Harland et al., 1990), many will be unaware that many of the units on the chart (Aptian, Visean, etc) still lack a formal definition.\r\nThis is of concern because, for example, using the same set of fossils to derive an age, one geologist can call a given rock succession early Aptian, but another geologist may call the same succession late Barremian, all because each are using a different (usually palaeontological) event to define the base of the Aptian. Obviously this is very confusing for the non-specialist just wishing to understand the age and correlation of the rock succession. Unless chronostratigraphic terms are defined, one is reminded of the egocentric words of Humpty-Dumpty in the famous story by Lewis Carrol Alice Through the Looking-Glass: \\\"when I use a word, it means just what I choose it to mean, neither more nor less\\\".\r\nThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the evolving concepts of sequence stratigraphy, such as those published by Sharland et al. (2001, 2004) and Davies et al. (2002), may assist in defining the units of the geological timescale and, in turn, help harmonise the disciplines of sequence stratigraphy and chronostratigraphy. To do so, we:\r\n· briefly review the historical background to key chronostratigraphic terminology;\r\n• discuss the interplay between sequence stratigraphy and stage boundaries;\r\n· argue that stratigraphic sequences are global and synchronous in nature; and\r\n· present examples to demonstrate how sequence stratigraphy may assist in chronostratigraphic stage definition.\r\n101\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nERA\r\nPERIOD\r\nEPOCH\r\nSTAGE\r\nAGE (Ma)\r\nGSSP\r\nARABIAN\r\nPLATE\r\nSEQUENCE\r\nSTRATI-\r\nGRAPHY\r\nPERIOD\r\nEPOCH\r\nSTAGE\r\nAGE (Ma)\r\nGSSP\r\nARABIAN PLATE\r\nSEQUENCE STRATI-\r\nGRAPHY\r\nHOLOCENE PLEISTOCENE\r\nGelasian\r\n2.6\r\nTithonian\r\nJ110 SB\r\n149.0\r\nPLIOCENE M\r\nPiacenzian\r\n13.6\r\n5.3\r\nMessinian\r\n7.2\r\nKimmeridgian\r\n154.5\r\nJ60\r\n155.25\r\nOxfordian\r\nSerravallian\r\n13.6\r\nNg40\r\n14.5\r\nJ50\r\n159.0\r\n161.2\r\nJ40\r\n162.5\r\nBurdigalian\r\nE\r\n20.4\r\nNg10\r\n20.0\r\nAquitanian\r\nNg10 SB\r\n23.0\r\n23.0\r\nBajocian\r\nJ20 171.0\r\n171.6\r\nAalenian\r\n175.6\r\nJ20 SB\r\n177.0\r\nToarcian\r\nJ10\r\n181.0\r\nPriabonian\r\nPg30 SB\r\n33.5\r\n37.2\r\n183.0\r\nBartonian\r\n40.4\r\nPliensbachian\r\nJ10 SB\r\n188.0\r\n189.6\r\nSinemurian\r\n48.6\r\nPg20\r\n50.0\r\nYpresian\r\nPg20 SB\r\n51.0\r\nHettangian\r\n199.6\r\n55.8\r\nRhaetian\r\n203.6\r\n58.7\r\nPg10\r\n59.0\r\nSelandian\r\n61.7\r\nTr80\r\n208.0\r\nNorian\r\n65.5\r\nMaastrichtian\r\nK180\r\n70.0\r\n70.6\r\n216.5\r\nTr70\r\n220.0\r\nCampanian\r\nK170\r\n78.0\r\nK170 SB\r\n80.0\r\nLATE\r\n83.5\r\nSantonian\r\n85.8\r\nConiacian\r\nK150\r\n88.0\r\n89.3\r\nTuronian\r\nK150 SB\r\n92.0\r\n237.0\r\n93.5\r\nK130\r\nAnisian\r\nTr40\r\n242.0\r\nCenomanian\r\nK120\r\n99.0\r\n245.0\r\nOlenekian\r\n-Tr30\r\n249.7-\r\nFTr20\r\n250.0\r\nInduan\r\n251.0\r\nTr10 SB\r\n251.0\r\nChanghsingian\r\n253.8\r\nP40\r\n253.0\r\nLopingian\r\nP30\r\n256.0\r\n112.0\r\nK90 SB\r\n112.5\r\n260.4\r\nAptian\r\nK80\r\n119.0\r\nEARLY\r\n125.0\r\n270.6\r\nP20 SB\r\n271.0\r\nBarremian\r\nKungurian\r\n130.0\r\n275.6\r\nHauterivian\r\nK40\r\n134.5\r\nArtinskian\r\n136.4\r\nValanginian\r\nK40 SB\r\n139.5\r\n284.4\r\nP10\r\n286.0\r\n140.2\r\nK30\r\n140.0\r\nBerriasian\r\nK20\r\n142.0\r\nK10\r\n145.0\r\n145.5\r\nPALAEOZOIC\r\nGuada- lupian\r\n265.8\r\nP20 266.0\r\nWordian\r\n268.0\r\nK70\r\n124.5\r\nRoadian\r\nK60\r\n125.5\r\nK50\r\n129.0\r\nPERMIAN\r\nTr40 SB\r\n244.2\r\n99.6\r\nK110\r\n100.5\r\nEARLY\r\n249.7\r\nTr10\r\n250.5\r\nAlbian\r\nK100\r\n108.0\r\nK90\r\n110.0\r\nTRIASSIC\r\nCarnian\r\nTr70 SB 223.5\r\nTr60\r\n227.0\r\n228.0\r\nTr60 SB\r\n229.0\r\nK160\r\n85.0\r\nLadinian\r\nTr50 233.0\r\nK140\r\n93.0\r\nMIDDLE\r\nMESOZOIC CRETACEOUS\r\nThanetian\r\nPALAEO- CENE\r\nDanian\r\nPg10 SB\r\n63.0\r\nMESOZOIC\r\n196.5\r\nPALAEOGENE\r\nEOCENE\r\n28.4\r\nPg40\r\n29.0\r\nJURASSIC\r\nMIDDLE\r\n164.7\r\nJ40 SB\r\n165.0\r\nBathonian\r\nJ30\r\n167.5\r\n167.7\r\nChattian\r\nPg50\r\n24.5\r\nOLIGO- CENE\r\nRupelian\r\nPg30\r\n33.0\r\n33.9\r\nCENOZOIC\r\nM\r\nLanghian\r\nNg30\r\n15.9\r\n16.0\r\nNg20\r\n17.5\r\nCallovian\r\n150.8\r\nJ90-\r\nJ80-151.8-\r\nJ70- -152.2-\r\nL\r\nTortonian\r\nJ60 SB\r\n156.0\r\n11.6\r\nLATE\r\nNEOGENE\r\n1.8\r\nJ110\r\n147.0\r\nJ100\r\n151.01\r\nE Zanclean\r\n151.4-\r\nMIOCENE\r\n-Ng20 SB-19.0-\r\nEARLY\r\nLutetian\r\nLATE\r\nTr80 SB\r\n214.0\r\n95.5\r\nWuchiapingian\r\nCapitanian\r\nCisuralian\r\nSakmarian\r\n102\r\nERA\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nERA\r\nPERIOD\r\nEPOCH\r\nSTAGE\r\nAGE (Ma)\r\nGSSP\r\nARABIAN\r\nPLATE\r\nSEQUENCE\r\nSTRATI-\r\nGRAPHY\r\nERA\r\nPERIOD\r\nEPOCH\r\nSTAGE\r\nAGE (Ma)\r\nGSSP\r\nARABIAN\r\nPLATE\r\nSEQUENCE STRATI-\r\nGRAPHY\r\nSakmarian\r\nLlandovery\r\nRhuddanian\r\n443.7\r\nAsselian\r\nHirnantian\r\nHirnantian\r\n445.6\r\n299.0\r\nUnnamed\r\n450.0\r\nO40\r\n453.0\r\nCaradoc\r\nUnnamed\r\n460.9\r\nO30\r\n464.0\r\nDarriwilian\r\n466.0\r\nO30 SB\r\n467.0\r\nBashkirian\r\n318.1\r\nUnnamed\r\n478.6\r\nO20\r\n480.0\r\nSerpukhovian\r\nTrema- docian\r\nTremadocian\r\n326.4\r\n488.3\r\nC10\r\n330.0\r\nFurongian\r\nPaibian\r\nVisean\r\n501.0\r\nCm20\r\n505.0\r\nMIDDLE\r\nCAMBRIAN\r\nBotoman\r\nCm20 SB\r\n515.0\r\n518.5\r\nAtdabanian\r\n522.5\r\nTournaisian\r\nEARLY\r\nTommotian\r\n531.5\r\n359.2\r\nD30\r\n363.0\r\nFamennian\r\nD30 SB\r\n369.0\r\nLATE\r\n374.5\r\nDEVONIAN\r\n385.3\r\nGivetian\r\nMIDDLE\r\n391.8\r\nEifelian\r\n397.5\r\nD20\r\n400.0\r\nEmsian\r\nEARLY\r\n407.0\r\nD10\r\n408.0\r\nPragian\r\n411.2\r\nLochkovian\r\n416.0\r\nS20\r\n417.5\r\nPridoli\r\n418.7\r\nLudlow\r\nLudfordian\r\n421.3\r\nGorstian\r\n422.9\r\nS20 SB\r\n422.0\r\nWenlock\r\n426.2\r\nSheinwoodian\r\n428.2\r\nLlandovery Telychian\r\n436.0\r\nFigure 1: Geological Time Scale 2004 (Gradstein et al., 2004) highlighting stages with a GSSP definition. The Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphic Model (Sharland et al., 2001, 2004) is plotted against this timescale. In the Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy column the blue lines represent the Maximum Flooding Surfaces (MFS), and the red lines the Sequence Boundaries (SB). Ordovician nomenclature shows a comparison of classic British stages against developing global nomenclature as of 2004. See Gradstein et al. (2004) for error bars on absolute age estimates and other discussion on stage nomenclature.\r\n103\r\nAeronian\r\n439.0\r\n294.6\r\nS10 SB\r\n443.8\r\nAshgill\r\nPennsylvanian\r\nKasimovian\r\n306.5\r\nMoscovian\r\n311.7\r\nP10 SB\r\n312.0\r\nORDOVICIAN\r\nCARBONIFEROUS\r\nPALAEOZOIC\r\nCm30\r\n498.0\r\nMississippian\r\n513.0\r\n345.3\r\nCm10\r\n542.0\r\n542.0\r\nS10\r\n437.0\r\nGzhelian\r\n303.9\r\nLlanvirn\r\nArenig\r\nO10\r\n488.0\r\nPALAEOZOIC\r\nFrasnian\r\nSILURIAN\r\nHomerian\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nHISTORICAL BACKGROUND\r\nThe stage is the standard unit of chronostratigraphic subdivision. Although rooted in the fundamental concepts of William Smith, stages were first introduced by the great 19th Century French palaeontologist and stratigrapher Alcide d'Orbigny who recognised rock units in France (and elsewhere), which had distinctive fossil assemblages, such that those units could be correlated from location to location (d'Orbigny, 1842, 1849, 1852). Many of these units are still in use today, particularly many of the standard stages of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods (Cavelier and Roger, 1980; Torrens, 2002).\r\nIn keeping with the prevailing view in the mid-19th Century that \\\"cataclysmic events\\\" controlled Earth history, d'Orbigny believed that each of his stages resulted from faunal turnovers in response to sudden events in Earth history (see reviews of Monty, 1968; Rioult, 1969; Torrens, 2002). Stages were described as \\\"the expression of the boundaries which Nature has drawn with bold strokes across the whole globe\\\" (d'Orbigny, 1842 as quoted in English translation by Rioult, 1969). Despite much debate in the geological literature over the last 150 years as to the definition of stages, it seems that we may be coming full circle and that sequence stratigraphy provides the vehicle to express d'Orbigny's original views within a modern geoscience framework. Because d'Orbigny was working mainly on outcrops in platform locations (\\\"up-systems tract\\\" in a sequence stratigraphic sense), many of his stages are bounded by unconformities (i.e. sequence boundaries). This is exactly why he observed faunal turnover at their boundaries, and is what sequence stratigraphy would predict (Holland, 1995).\r\nThe ideas of d'Orbigny were soon enthusiastically embraced by many other European palaeontologists and stratigraphers, and soon a plethora of stage nomenclature spread across the globe. By the middle of the 20th Century there were probably easily in excess of 1,000 stages names to choose from. Gradually in the second half of the 20th Century, these names have become synonimised to the 90 or so that we commonly use today (see, for example, reviews of Jurassic nomenclature in Arkell, 1933, 1956).\r\nTo facilitate this necessary rationalisation, it became apparent to many stratigraphers that a formal definition of each of the stages in common use was required. As might be expected, the procedure for definition became a matter of considerable debate and argument. The history of this debate is ably reviewed by Torrens (2002), Castradori (2002), Walsh (2004) and Walsh et al. (2004). We need only concern ourselves with the modern view that each stage requires a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) to be defined (Remane, 2003; Walsh et al., 2004).\r\nA GSSP is effectively a single bedding plane in a given outcropping sedimentary section that acts as the standard against which the lower boundary of a stage is defined. Historically the placement of the GSSP is typically related to a palaeontological event (i.e. the extinction or inception of a fossil species or group of species), which is thought to have great value in international and interbasinal correlation. However, it is not always a palaeontological event that is used - palaeomagnetic shifts and stable-isotope excursions have also been chosen. Perhaps somewhat perversely, the base Maastrichtian Stage is defined at the mid-point between several palaeontological events (Odin, 2001).\r\nNotwithstanding criticism of the GSSP concept from some quarters (e.g. Naidin, 1998; Aubry et al., 1999; Zhamoida, 2004 - these authors urging attention to classical unit stratotypes and regional correlations), the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has embraced the concept and is agreed that all stages of the Phanerozoic should have a GSSP by the International Geological Congress in 2008 (Gradstein et al., 2004; Gradstein and Ogg, 2004). At the time of writing this seems to be an ambitious aim. No more than 60% of stages have a GSSP formally defined and ratified by the ICS. Even some of those stages that have been given a formal definition in the early stages of GSSP research are now undergoing revision as stratigraphers have found fault with the original GSSP. It is worth exploring the problems in GSSP definition further so as to appreciate how sequence stratigraphy may contribute to the discussion.\r\nPROBLEMS WITH THE APPLICATION OF THE GSSP CONCEPT\r\nAs noted above, GSSPs are related to an event, usually palaeontological, that facilitates correlation. The primary problem then is which event to choose? As can be imagined, considerable arguments reign as to:\r\n104\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nCRETACEOUS STAGE BOUNDARIES COPENHAGEN 1983\r\nFigure 2: Cartoon by Tove Birklund, showing two geoscientists arguing about the different merits of two fossil groups for defining a Cretaceous stage boundary. Arguments such as these have greatly hindered the selection of GSSPs. Sequence stratigraphy may help guide which fossil event to choose.\r\n(1) the synchronicity or diachroneity of a given event;\r\n(2) the ease with which the event can be recognised (often this involves taxonomic concepts of the species involved);\r\n(3) its relation to the original description and concept of the stage; and\r\n(4) its relation to stage usage as in common practice today.\r\nDoubtlessly too, all the above are coloured by what can be termed personal preferences, prejudices and geopolitics. All these considerations have led to extensive delays and debates in choosing a GSSP as shown in the cartoon of Figure 2. It should also be borne in mind that GSSP research is carried out through volunteer academic effort, rather than as a commercially driven enterprise.\r\nIt is essential of course that care be taken over the selection of a GSSP least subsequent problems be found with its suitability. For example, the base Pragian (early Devonian) GSSP in the Czech Republic has recently been reviewed (Slavik & Hladil, 2004) and it has been shown the bioevent chosen for the GSSP guide event (inception of the conodont Eognathodus sulcatus \\\"eosulcatus\\\") occurs some distance below the designated GSSP level in the GSSP section. There is thus a disconnect between the GSSP and its associated marker event! It is argued that many Silurian GSSPs have similar problems or are in unsuitable locations (e.g. Berry, 1987, see also discussion in Holland et al., 2003).\r\nA more philosophical, but nonetheless important, argument in GSSP selection has been relating the selection of a GSSP to what has been called a (synchronous) \\\"natural event\\\" in the rock record. Such natural events include unconformities resulting from sea-level changes and changes in palaeoceanography or palaeoclimate. Events like these often have important historical significance for recognition of stage boundaries. We will return to this point later. We are conscious that some geologists will question what the duration of events such as those listed above is. There is increasing evidence that sea-level change and climate change can be very rapid - measured in thousands rather\r\n105\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nthan millions of years (e.g. Alley et al., 2003; Kemp et al., 2005). This matches the limits of biostratigraphic resolution so sea-level and climate change events can often be regarded as \\\"geologically instantaneous\\\", although clearly not instantaneous in the strict sense of this word.\r\nTHE SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC SETTING OF STAGE BOUNDARIES\r\nAs noted above, stage boundaries were, in most cases, originally defined by d'Orbigny and others at points of faunal turnover in the rock record. In sequence stratigraphic terms, these are mostly sequence boundaries in a platform setting. These, of course, are not ideal locations to choose for defining stages. This is because if such locations are stacked upon each other there will be gaps of \\\"missing time\\\" between them, representing non-deposition and erosion at the sequence boundary (Figure 3).\r\nA good example of such a stage definition is the Toarcian stage of the early Jurassic (Figure 3). The stage was originally described from Thouars in France by d'Orbigny (1852). The base of the section here is of erosive based sands (sequence boundary at their base) and it is now know that there are ammonite zones that are not represented in this section (Gabilly in Cavelier and Roger, 1980; Remane, 2003).\r\nTo rectify these deficiencies in original stage descriptions, GSSPs are now sought in basinal positions where there is effectively continuous sedimentation (Gradstein et al., 2004; Ogg, 2004). Such locations will enable stages to form a continuum of Phanerozoic time with no gaps between them. In the case of the Toarcian, a GSSP is being considered at Peniche in the basinal succession of the Lusitanian Basin, Portugal (Durante et al., 2004; Morton, 2006).\r\nStraightaway it can be seen that an obvious place to locate a GSSP in such a setting is the correlative conformity to the sequence boundary relating to the original stage definition on a coeval platform. That is to say, at the base of the lowstand system tract. This would mean that a stage defined at a correlative conformity would honour the event that related to the original stage definition.\r\nObjections may be raised to the placement of a GSSP at a correlative conformity. One of these is that in so doing the new stage boundary no longer represents the same point in time as the original definition (see Aubry and Berggren, 2000; and review of Castradori, 2002). Advocates of such a viewpoint may also argue that the time interval between the correlative conformity and the onlap point representing the original stage boundary should be allocated to an entirely new-named unit. To do so however misses the point of the original definition. The stage was being related to an event in Earth history - by choosing the correlative conformity one chooses the only point in a rock succession where the climax of that event is preserved.\r\nHollis Hedberg (who was one of the driving forces behind the GSSP concept) remarked in 1970 that \\\"the worst possible boundary for a chronostratigraphic unit is an unconformity\\\". We would agree, and suggest that the best possible boundary is the correlative conformity to that unconformity.\r\nIn practice, GSSPs have so far rarely been defined at correlative conformities. Instead, they have been located at palaeontological (or other) events that do not relate to any sequence stratigraphic surface. Indeed the sequence stratigraphic setting is rarely considered when choosing a GSSP, arguments instead typically centring on the relative merits of various palaeontological (or magnetic, or isotopic) events as a tool for practical correlation. We feel that this is \\\"missing the wood for the trees\\\".\r\nThe Jurassic Period contains good examples of such GSSPs (see Morton, 2006 for a review of Jurassic GSSPs). For example, the GSSP for the base Pliensbachian has recently been defined (Meister et al., 2006) at the base of the jamesoni Zone in Yorkshire. Here, as stated by the authors, the GSSP lies within a TST (there is a prominent correlative conformity to a sequence boundary further down in the section). This is not surprising in that for the Jurassic Period at least, stages have long been regarded as groupings of ammonite zones (Arkell, 1956). Thus in the Jurassic, at least conceptually, biostratigraphy rules absolutely and often the only question is to find a GSSP locality with a good ammonite succession, other events in the rock record being considered of secondary or no importance. Hancock (1977) has also expressed the view that stages are nothing more than groupings of biozones. Even if this were correct, one would be tempted to ask which biozones and how are they in turn defined?\r\n106\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nType area: France\r\nMFS\r\nSE\r\nTST\r\nMRS\r\nAalenian\r\n69\r\n1 m\r\nHST\r\nLST\r\n63\r\nCC\r\n60\r\n57\r\nXXVII\r\nPlatform\r\nBasin\r\nXXVI\r\n46\r\nSB\r\nXXV\r\nHST\r\nXXIV\r\nMFS\r\n34\r\nXXIII\r\nTST\r\nToarcian\r\nXXII\r\n27\r\nCC\r\nSB\r\n22\r\nxx\r\nXIX\r\n18\r\nXVIII\r\n15\r\nXVII\r\nXVI\r\nXV\r\n9\r\nXIV\r\nPliensbachian\r\nXIII\r\n7\r\nXII\r\n6\r\nX-XI\r\n5\r\nVI-VII-\r\n4\r\nVIII-IX\r\nV\r\n3\r\nIII-IV\r\n1\r\nApproximate GSSP Location\r\nSB - Sequence Boundary\r\nCC - Correlative Conformity\r\nLST - Lowstand Systems Tract\r\nTST - Transgressive Systems Tract\r\nHST - Highstand Systems Tract\r\nMRS - Maximum Regressive Surface\r\nMFS - Maximum Flooding Surface\r\nFigure 3: The sequence stratigraphic location of the type area of the Toarcian Stage compared with the proposed GSSP location. The type area in Thouars, France (illustration after Cavelier and Roger, 1980) is in a platform, up-system tract, position with a sequence boundary (missing time) at its base. The proposed GSSP, at Peniche in Portugal, is in a basinal setting with continuous deposition and the GSSP relates to a change in an Eodactylites ammonite fauna. Its precise systems tract setting in uncertain, but may be TST. Peniche outcrop photograph courtesy of Dr. Stephen Hesselbo, University of Oxford.\r\nPerhaps somewhat understandably, stratigraphers have been wary about applying the concepts of sequence stratigraphy to the definition of chronostratigraphic units. Concerns have been raised about the true synchronicity of sequences and the development of a global eustatic sea-level curve (discussed further below), with further concerns about how one might physically recognise sequence stratigraphic surfaces, especially in basinal settings. Birkelund (1983) summarised the state of thinking in the 1980s: \\\"Knowledge of sea-level oscillations, however, is still far beneath the precision needed for serious\r\n107\r\nTime-\r\n30\r\nMRS\r\nXX\r\nHST\r\nProposed GSSP Location - Portugal\r\nJ20 MFS\r\n-J20 SB-\r\nDepth\r\n0\r\nMFS\r\n43\r\nSimmons et al.\r\ndiscussions of stage boundaries\\\". Contrast this with the view expressed by Gradstein et al. (2004): \\\"The major global oscillations (of sea level) have probably been identified\\\".\r\nIn a series of papers seemingly ignored by the stratigraphic community, or of which the community have been unaware of, Chinese geoscientists (e.g. Mei Shilong, 1996; Wang Xulian and Su Wenbo, 2000; Wang Xulian, 1999, 2002; Wang Hongzhen, 2000) have been quietly advocating the application of sequence stratigraphic concepts to stage definition. Whilst the arguments of Wang Xulian and his co-workers are a little different to ours (they contend that the transgressive surface, rather than the sequence boundary \\/ correlative conformity, is of prime importance). Mei Shilong concurs with our view that it is the correlative conformity of the major sequence boundaries that provide a guide for GSSPs (in his terms, the \\\"Best Natural Boundary\\\" in the rock record). Both views support the contention that with sequence stratigraphy now coming of age it has its role to play in the definition of chronostratigraphic units.\r\nElsewhere, Knox (1994) has briefly reviewed how sequence stratigraphic settings might define some of the problematic stages of the Palaeogene, pointing out, as we do here, that stages were typically originally described from platform settings and that it is only by analysis of the complete basinal succession that the true extent of a stage can be assessed (Figure 4). For example, the Ypresian stage is bound by an unconformity in its historical stratotype of the Ieper Clay (see also Steurbaut, 2006), but in the continuous sedimentation of the Central North Sea its base could be extended to the base of the lowstand Forties Sandstones in the lowermost Sele Formation. It should be pointed out that in connection to this example, a base Ypresian GSSP has recently been selected relating to the pronounced negative carbon-isotope excursion associated with the so-called Palaeocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (Dupuis et al., 2003).\r\nRecently, sequence stratigraphy has entered the debate on the placement of the base of the Hettangian stage and hence the Triassic-Jurassic boundary (Hesselbo et al., 2004a, b; Hallam and Wignall, 2004). In southwest England, the succession representing the transition from the Triassic to Jurassic can be interpreted in terms of changing sea-level and Hesselbo et al. (2004a, b) suggest that the sequence boundary within the upper Cotham Member of the Lilstock Formation may form a useful guide to placement of the base Hettangian. This is significantly lower than placement of the boundary on the\r\nNP Zone\r\nCentral North Sea\r\nSouthern North Sea\r\nLondon Basin\r\nParis Basin\r\n11\r\nLondon Clay\r\nYPRESIAN\r\n10\r\nBalder Fm\r\nHarwich Mbr Hales Clay\r\nOldhaven Beds\r\nHiatus\r\nSele Fm\r\n9\r\n-MFS\r\nWoolwich and Reading Beds\r\n'SPARNACIAN'\r\nForties Sst\r\nSB\r\nHiatus\r\n+\r\n8\r\n7\r\nLista Fm\r\nOrmesby\\/Thanet Fm Clay\r\nTHANETIAN\r\n6\r\nMaureen Fm\r\nSELANDIAN\r\n5\r\nHiatus\r\n0\r\n100\r\n4\r\nEkofisk Fm\r\nkm\r\nFigure 4: Chronostratigraphic chart modified after Knox (1994) for the Palaeogene of the North Sea-Paris Basin region showing that in their type areas of the Paris Basin, the Ypresian and Thanetian stages are bounded by unconformities. To capture the missing time represented by these unconformities, the stages could be extended downward to incorporate the time represented by the basinal sediments of the North Sea Basin where there is continuous deposition.\r\n108\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nbasis of a purely palaeontological event (e.g. inception of Psiloceras planorbis). There are, however, contrasting views (e.g. Hallam, 1990; Hallam and Wignall, 2004) of the interpretation of the succession in terms of changing sea-level, but the crucial point is that sequence stratigraphy is considered as relevant to the discussion on the correct level for the GSSP.\r\nWe would not argue that it is entirely erroneous to ignore the sequence stratigraphic setting of a stage boundary, but we would suggest that considering sequence stratigraphy will provide a guide to the best palaeontological (or other) guide event. Furthermore, by selecting an event associated with the correlative conformity location a link with the original description of a stage is maintained by relating the GSSP to the event that drove the original definition. Hopefully this will facilitate a more rapid conclusion to the debates on GSSP location and \\/or revision. Peter Vail and his colleagues foresaw such an eventuality when in 1977 they wrote \\\"Using global cycles with their natural and significant boundaries, an international system of geochronology can be developed on a rational basis. If geologists combine their efforts to prepare more accurate charts of regional cycles, and use them to improve the global chart, it can become a more accurate and meaningful standard for Phanerozoic time\\\". We would not go so far as to suggest that sequence stratigraphy should replace classical chronostratigraphy, but that the new disciplines can be harmonised.\r\nIt is not surprising to find a link between sequence stratigraphy and the sorts of faunal turnover which were originally used to recognise stages. The global changes in sea-level that lead to the occurrence of sequences will also lead to extinction and inception of species because of the destruction and creation of ecological niches associated with sea-level change. Holland (1995) has, for example, demonstrated that a major peak in inception events is associated with the correlative conformity of a sequence boundary in a basinal setting and there is also a significant increase in extinction events at this point (Figure 5). The genetic stress resulting from the reduction in marine habitats associated with sea-level fall obviously results in new species out-competing their forebears (as stated in \\\"Origin of Species\\\", Darwin, 1859). Conceptually therefore, sequence boundaries\\/ correlative conformities should be the location of significant bioevents that can be used for GSSP definition and description.\r\nLST\r\nHST\r\nTST\r\nLST\r\nHST\r\nTST\r\n60 50 40 30 20 10 0 140 First Occurrences\r\n0\r\nWater Depth (m)\r\n0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Last Occurrences\r\nFigure 5: Relationship of palaeontological inception and extinction events to sequence stratigraphy (after Holland, 1995). Note the large number of inceptions associated with the correlative conformity at the base of the LST (there is also a simultaneous peak in extinction events). Therefore, correlative conformities offer a variety of bioevents to help define a GSSP.\r\n109\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nThe harmonisation of sequence stratigraphy and chronostratigraphy that we advocate in this paper can be further illustrated by an example. Below we use the base Chattian as an example to show how sequence stratigraphy can be related to original stage definition and hence provide guidance on GSSP location.\r\nBase Chattian Example\r\nThe late Oligocene Chattian Stage was first introduced by Fuchs (1894) and described from sandstones in northern Germany. Van Simaeys (2004) and Van Simaeys et al. (2004) have now shown that this area of original description lies in a platform location where the base of the stage is an unconformity representing non-deposition (Figure 6). This unconformity is related to a significant glacial episode and associated eustatic sea-level fall. Close to the base of the stage is an MFS associated with post- glacial warming and associated eustatic sea-level rise.\r\nGiven the platformal nature of the stratotypical Chattian region in the southern North Sea Basin (i.e. a setting with discontinuous deposition), a GSSP is currently being sought in a basinal succession associated with continuous deposition. Such locations are thought to exist in central Italy, for example the Monte Cagnero section (Van Simaeys, 2004). At this location the extinction of the planktonic foraminifera genus Chiloguembelina is considered to be a useful guide event. However, whilst Chiloguembelina is a distinctive planktonic foraminifera and its last appearance datum therefore relatively easy to recognise, it is debatable whether its extinction is a synchronous event (Van Simaeys et al., 2004). Furthermore, in the basinal settings of central Italy, the extinction of Chiloguembelina does not appear to be related to any palaeoclimate or sea-level change event. There is, therefore, a disconnect between the event originally defining the base of the Chattian Stage (glacially induced lowstand) and the event currently chosen to guide the GSSP location.\r\nFurther, within the basinal succession in which the GSSP ought to be located there is evidence for a major lowstand event - for example, an influx of the cold-water dinoflagellate Svalbardella. This event, perhaps coupled with oxygen isotope evidence to demonstrate sea-water cooling, can act as a guide to GSSP location in a correlative-conformity setting relating to the original stage definition.\r\nIn summary, selection of a base Chattian GSSP could be improved by reference to sequence stratigraphy rather than simple use of an easily identifiable, but potentially diachronous bioevent.\r\nTHE SYNCHRONICITY OF SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC SURFACES\r\nSince the publication of the first eustatic sea-level curve of Vail et al. (1977) and their seminal description of sequence stratigraphic methodology, the veracity and recognition of eustatically-controlled stratal surfaces and their global synchronicity has been much debated in the literature (see Schlager, 1991; Miall, 1997; and Miall and Miall, 2001 for good reviews of doubts and opposition; Hardenbol et al., 1998 provides a defence). Since the Vail et al. publication, other eustatic curves have been published for various parts of the geological column, notably Haq et al. (1987) and Hardenbol et al. (1998). However, because the data supporting the construction of these curves is not fully available, we prefer to use our own sequence stratigraphic model, independently developed (initially in Arabia) \\\"from the rocks up\\\" and internally consistent. This was published as Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy by Sharland et al. (2001) with minor updates by Sharland et al. (2004) (Figure 1).\r\nSince the publication of our sequence stratigraphic model in 2001 we have continued to research and refine it (e.g. Davies et al., 2002; Sharland et al., 2004). Of particular relevance to this article is that the third-order sequences recognised across the Arabian Plate in 2001and 2004 (specifically their MFS and SBs) can now be demonstrated to occur in many other parts of the globe, correlated at the biozone level (so to within a resolution typically in the order of 500,000 years, although this is variable).\r\nWe concur that stratigraphic sequences are developed by interplay of eustacy, sediment supply and tectonic subsidence, but it is our observation that in the majority of sedimentary basins, eustacy will be the dominant\r\n110\r\n111\r\nSOUTHERN NORTH SEA BASIN\r\nSERIES\r\nSTAGE\r\nCOMPOSITE SECTION\r\nPALAEO- TEMPERATURE (C) 0\r\nDINOCYST ZONATION\r\nDINOCYSTS EVENTS\r\n8180 BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA (Miller et al., 1998)\r\nCENTRAL NORTH SEA\r\nCENTRAL ITALY (Monte Cagnero)\r\nTIME SCALE\r\nNSO-7\r\nWgo\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n50-\r\nSpa\r\n+\r\nYAse\r\ny Wsy\r\n+\r\n++\r\n+\r\nNSO-6\r\n+\r\n+\r\n-O\r\n-6,600 m\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\nRdr\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\nNSO-5b\r\n0.\r\n65-\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\nC9\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n[60\r\n+\r\nCold water fauna - glacially induced lowstand\r\n-7,000 m\r\n+\r\n55-\r\n=S200-\r\n. -\r\n-0-\r\nC10\r\n+Dbi\r\n+\r\nHorizon of candidate Chattian GSSP - proxy = LAD Chiloguembelina\r\nC10\r\n-50-\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n0 -- o\r\n+\r\n-7,400 m\r\nC11\r\n+\r\n0-\r\n+\r\n+\r\nSpe\r\n+\r\n-S90\r\n-S80-\r\n2\r\n1.5\r\n1\r\nPLATFORM\r\n* 26.7 Biotite-rich volcaniclastic layer with radiometric ages\r\n8180 Benthic Foraminifera\r\nFigure 6: Sequence stratigraphy of the base Chattian (primary data after Van Simaeys, 2004). See text for explanation (redrawn with the permission of Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences).\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nAcl\r\nOi-2b\r\n-6,800 m\r\nEig Fm\r\nMajor warming and sea-level rise (MFS)\r\nUseful bioevent - FAD A. cladodiachotoma +\r\nNSO-5a\r\n+\r\nARdr\r\n+\r\n+\r\n+\r\n50-\r\nRupelian\r\nBoom Clay Formation\r\n-S190-\r\n+\r\n*28.7\r\n-S130\r\n$45-\r\nS150\r\nNSO-4b\r\n+\r\n-S140\r\n8 6 4 2 0 (%) Svalbardella\r\nS110\r\n+\r\nC11\r\nEpe\r\n8 6 4 2 040- (%) Svalbardella\r\n0-0-0 Dinoflagellate sample points\r\nBASIN\r\n10\r\n20\r\n30\r\nC7\r\n+\r\n+\r\nC7A\r\nChattian\r\nVeldhoven Formation\r\n75- m\r\nin progress\r\nC8\r\nClassic area of Chattian and Rupelian stage description\r\n-MFS\r\n70-\r\n* 26.7\r\n* 27.1\r\n+\r\n+\r\nOLIGOCENE\r\nC9\r\n-SB\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nBASIN\r\nPLATFORM\r\nx x\r\nBERRANI (ORBATA 1)\r\nPeritidal\r\nShoreface\r\nAptian\r\nOpen\r\nOffshore\r\nds\r\nPeritidal\r\nFluvial\r\nBOUHEDMA\r\nmarine\r\nBOUDINAR\r\nIV\r\nOffshore\r\nK40 SB\r\nds\r\ntempestites\r\nsup. SIDI\r\nestuary,\r\nEMDEKEP\r\ninf. KHALIF\r\nCaillaudanus\r\nAngulicostata\r\nOpen marine\r\nOffshore\r\nturbidites\r\ntempestites\r\nNARA\r\n4\r\nIIb\r\nCallidiscus\r\n4 calcareous\r\nturbidites 4\r\nII\r\nhemipelagic turbidites\r\n-Valanginian1\r\nPertransiens\r\nHAMADA~\r\nV\r\nIb\r\ncalcareous hemipelagics\r\nBerriasian\r\nMAIANA\r\nI\r\nIa\r\nZARESS\\/BENE KLAB\r\nFigure 7: Reference section for K40SB in the Tunisian Dorsale (basinal correlative conformity setting) where it is represented by an erosive surface and forward-stepping of the Seroula clastics into the basin (Souquet et al., 1997; Peybernes et al., 1994) (redrawn with the permission of Société Géologique de France).\r\nfactor, such that the eustatic signal will always be visible. This is because the relative speeds of these three controls is not equal - eustatic sea-level change typically being much faster (Miller et al., 2003).\r\nSpace prevents us from reviewing many Phanerozoic sequences from our model, but we hope that the reader will accept the premise presented here using examples that serve to demonstrate our belief that our sequence stratigraphic model can be applied globally.\r\nIn our publications (Sharland et al., 2001, 2004; Davies et al., 2002) we have concentrated on demonstrating the presence and correlation (at the biozone level) of MFS across the northern Gondwana\\/southern Tethys margin. This is because in comparison to sequence boundaries, MFS can be identified and biostratigraphically calibrated in both platform and basin settings. Of course, intervening sequence boundaries can be biostratigraphically calibrated and correlated, but only in their expression as correlative conformities in basins. It is however important for us to demonstrate that sequence boundaries \\/ correlative conformities can be correlated, as it is these surfaces that we are proposing as being useful adjuncts to stage definitions.\r\nSequence boundary K40 SB lies between the K30 and K40 MFS of Sharland et al. (2001, 2004). A reference section for this SB would be in the Tunisian Dorsale outcrop (basinal correlative conformity setting) where it is represented by an erosive surface and forward-stepping of the Seroula clastics into the basin (Souquet et al., 1997; Peybernes et al., 1994) (Figure 7). At this locality it is reliably dated as lying within the campylotoxus zone of the early Valanginian.\r\nIn Morocco, K40 SB occurs at the base of the Sidi Lhousseine Formation in the western High Atlas (Canerot et al., 1986; Rey et al., 1988) and is a disconformity above which marls and sandstones are present (lowstand deposits). This disconformity (probably a correlative conformity because of basinal setting) lies within the campylotoxus ammonite zone (Wippich, 2003).\r\nIn the Middle East, this surface is very clear in platform settings where in southern Iraq and Kuwait the base of the Zubair Formation is associated with a forward stepping delta system (van Bellen et al.,\r\n112\r\n-Barremian-\r\ntempestites.\r\ndouble\r\nbarre\r\nC tidalites\r\nMELOUSSI\r\nMRHILA\r\nMRHILA\r\nhemipelagics\r\nIII\r\n-Hauterivian-\r\nCastellanensis\r\nsiliciclastics\r\n4\r\nSEROULA\r\n4\r\n4\r\n4\r\nIIa\r\nx\r\nx\r\nx\r\nSIDI AICH\r\nPuzozianum\r\nolack shales\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nSP\r\nDepth (ft)\r\n-200 0\r\n200\r\nSonic\r\nLithology\r\nNanno- plankton Zone (Varol)\r\nNanno- plankton Abundance\r\nGamma Ray\r\n0\r\n150 190\r\n40\r\n0 0\r\n100\r\nKN44\\/ KN42\r\nIndeterminate\r\nZubair\r\n11,500-\r\nKN49\\/ KN47\r\n12,000-\r\nKN49\\/ KN48\r\n12,120\r\nK40 SB-\r\nSonic\r\nKN51\\/ KN50B\r\nRatawi Shale\r\nIndeterminate\r\n12,500- 12,570\r\nFigure 8: K40 SB as expressed at the base of the Zubair clastics in Kuwait (data after Al-Fares et al., 1998). Nannofossil zone KN49\\/48 is partly coincident with the campylotoxus ammonite zone, suggesting that this SB may occur in the same ammonite zone as the reference section in Tunisia. Note that our age interpretation of the nannofossil zonation differs from that given by Al Fares et al.\r\n1959; Ali and Nasser, 1989; Al Fares et al., 1998; Nemsock et al., 1998; Davies et al., 2002) (Figure 8). In Yemen the boundary between the Sa'ar and overlying Furt Formation (= Sa'af Member) is a widely recognised disconformity omitting sediments of late Valanginian age (Beydoun et al., 1998; Holden and Kerr, 1997). Of course, in these platformal settings biostratigraphic calibration of this sequence boundary is less precise, although, for example, in Kuwait K40 SB lies within nannofossil zone KN49 \\/ 48 (Al Fares et al., 1998), which is partly coincident with the campylotoxus ammonite zone.\r\nOutside of the Middle East and North Africa, K40 SB can be recognised in a number of locations worldwide. In the basinal succession of the Carpathians of Romania, Melinte and Mutterlose (2001) have documented an influx of clastic sediments (lowstand, K40 SB correlative conformity at base) biostratigraphically calibrated by ammonites and nannofossils to the campylotoxus ammonite zone. Amongst the nannofossils an influx of boreal taxa occurs (and a reduction of Tethyan nannoconids) coincident with K40 SB. The topic of what drives the eustatic sea-level changes we observe is too complex to discuss in detail here, but this sequence boundary does appear to be coincident with what a number of authors have suggested is an expansion of polar ice-caps (Stoll and Schrag, 1996; Price, 1999). It is also coincident with a sea-level low suggested by Hardenbol et al. (1998), although it is slightly younger than the eustatic low suggested by Haq et al. (1987).\r\nIn the Neuquén Basin of Argentina, the Mulichinco Formation represents a lowstand (Schwarz and Howell, 2005) with K40 SB at its base. Ammonites provide biostratigraphic calibration suggesting the SB is close to the boundary of the local riveroi and atherstoni zones, equivalent to the campylotoxus zone of the global standard (Aguirre Urreta and Rawson, 1997) (Figure 9). Globally, other examples of K40 SB include the base of the Hosston sands in the Texas Gulf Coast (Scott et al., 1988) or the La Caja of NE Mexico (Goldhammer and Johnson, 2001). In the Colville River delta area of Alaska, K40 SB probably underlies the Alpine C sands, an important reservoir in the Alpine Field (Houseknecht and Bird, 2004).\r\n113\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nAGE\r\nLITHOLOGY\\/STRATIGRAPHY (Mendoza Group pars)\r\n2nd Order SEQ STRATI- GRAPY\r\nTECTONIC HISTORY\r\nCentral Neuquén\r\nNorthern Neuquen\r\nMa 131-\r\nHauterivian\r\nLower\r\n-K40 MFS-\r\nAgrio Formation (partial)\r\nHST\r\nRegional subsidence\r\n133-\r\nValanginian\r\nUpper\r\nLST TST\r\nFault-controlled subsidence\r\nLower\r\nTectonic inversion and uplift\r\n- K30 MFS-\r\n137\r\nShallow marine siliciclastics and carbonates\r\n139-\r\nUpper\r\nVaca Muerta Formation (partial)\r\nHST\r\nSequence 1\r\nRegional subsidence\r\nShelf marine shales\r\nBasin marine carbonates and siliciclastics\r\n141-\r\nTemporal hiatus\r\nAGE\r\nAMMONITE ZONES\r\nAMMONITE SUBZONES\r\nLITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS\r\n133-\r\nPseudofavrella angulatiformis\r\nChacantuceras ornaturn\r\nAgrio Formation\r\nLate\r\nPseudofavrella angulatiforms\r\n134-\r\nValanginian\r\nO. (Viluceras) permotestus\r\n135-\r\nOlcostephanus (O.) alherstoni\r\nKarakaschiceras attenuatus\r\nMulichinco Formation\r\nO.\r\n(Olcostephanus) atherstoni\r\n136-\r\nEarly\r\nLissonia riveroi\r\nNeocomites wichmanni\r\nQuintuco\\/Vaca Muerta Formations\r\n137\r\nFigure 9: Occurrence of K40 SB in the Neuquén Basin of Argentina, at the base of the Mulichinco Formation. Data from Schwarz and Howell (2005) redrawn with the permission of the Geological Society of London and Dr. Ernesto Schwarz. Ammonites provide biostratigraphic calibration suggesting the SB is close to the boundary of the local riveroi and atherstoni zones, equivalent to the campylotoxus zone of the global standard (Aguirre Urreta and Rawson, 1997), as in the reference section in Tunisia.\r\nAt present, there is no GSSP for the base Valanginian (Aguado et al., 2000; Gradstein et al., 2004) and usage includes the base of the otopeta ammonite zone (Birkelund et al., 1984), the inception of the calpionellid Calpionellites darderi (Hoedemaker et al., 2003) and the base of the pertransiens ammonite zone (Blanc et al., 1994). We recommend that the correlative conformity of K40 SB be the guide event for the base of the Valanginian, correlative to the unconformity on adjacent platforms around the world. Although this is stratigraphically higher than the events currently under consideration, it is an event that can be recognised globally (see above and Figure 10).\r\nThere are of course a number of authors who doubt the synchronicity of global sequences (e.g. Schlager, 1991; Miall, 1997), suggesting that (1) biostratigraphic resolution is inadequate to determine synchronicity; and \\/ or (2) local tectonics overprints eustacy; and \\/ or (3) there are local sequences that do not match global patterns; and \\/ or (4) there is no proven mechanism for third-order eustacy on a global scale. These criticisms have encouraged us to define sequences only when we have biostratigraphic confidence in correlation at the highest resolution possible and where we are able to carry-out a sequence-stratigraphic interpretation in an internally consistent manner. If we observe\r\n114\r\nSequence 2\r\n135-\r\nMulichinco Formation\r\n-K40 SB\r\nBerriasian\r\nQuintuco Formation\r\nContinental siliciclastics\r\nMa 132\r\nNeocomites sp.\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nCANADIAN Cm\r\nEarly Valanginian K40 SB\r\nMEX\r\nCENTRAL-ATLAN\r\nPINE - TETHYS\r\n· Reference Section\r\nCARAIBES.\r\nPINDOB\r\nSEMAIL\r\nBiostratigraphy precise match to reference section\r\nNEOTETHYS\r\nBiostratigraphy approximates reference section\r\nSOMOMA\r\nLm\r\nARGO\r\nARCTIDA\r\nTuva-Mongol arc\r\n10\r\nequator\r\nAURENTÍA\r\nURALIAN\r\nSIBERIA\r\n30\r\nKHANTY-MANSI\r\nOrdovician O30 MFS\r\nTaconic arc\r\n50\r\n11\r\nQ\r\nBALDICA\r\nPROTOTETHYS\r\nPROTOTETHYS\r\nCt\r\nOM\r\nOs\r\nANE\r\nCFGS\r\nAm\r\nAp\r\nLT\r\nCA\r\nST\r\nPOL\r\nMa\r\nSÊ\r\nCs\r\nGONDWANA\r\nCENTRAL-ATLANTIC\r\nIZANCA\r\nVARDAR\r\nPINDOE\r\nNEOTETHYS\r\nequator\r\n30\r\nFigure 10: Distribution of K40 SB, O30 MFS and J40 MFS on global reconstructions provided by and reproduced with the permission of Professor Gerard Stampfli (see http:\\/\\/www-sst.unil.ch\\/research\\/ plate_tecto\\/index.htm). The surfaces can be seen to have a near global distribution with the surfaces constrained by biostratigraphy. They occur on different continents and in differing basins with differing subsidence rates and sediment supply regimes. The primary control is therefore eustacy.\r\nCallovian J40 MFS\r\n70\r\nKb\r\nMD Pe\r\nAA\r\nSerindia terranes\r\nPROTOTETHYS\r\nAvalonia terranes\r\nAVALONIAN TERR\r\nRHEIC\r\nTORNQUIST\r\nZo\r\nKipchak arc\r\nASIATIC\r\nNO\r\nLough Narooey arc\r\nIAPETUS\r\nPT\r\n50\r\nGr\r\nIZANCA\r\nVARDAR\r\n115\r\nSimmons et al.\r\n116\r\npermission of the Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières).\r\nGraptolites place this MFS in the murchisoni zone. Data after Vaslet (1990) (redrawn with the\r\nFigure 11: Location of the 030 MFS reference section in the Hanadir Shale of Saudi Arabia.\r\nORDOVICIAN\r\nSYSTEM\r\nArenig Saq Sst\r\nlate-middle Llanvirn\r\nCaradocian\r\nLlandeilian\r\nto Ashgillian\r\nQasim Formation\r\nFORMATION\r\nSajir Mbr\r\nHanadir\r\nMbr _\r\nKahfah\r\nMbr\r\nRa'an\r\nMbr\r\nQuwarah\r\nMEMBER\r\nGENERALIZED LOG\r\n1\r\n1\r\nO30 MFS\r\n-\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n.\r\n1\r\n1\r\n- Didymograptus murchisoni Zone\r\nN. (Neseuretus) tristani (l.s.) Plaesiacomia vacuvertis Thomas N. (neseuretus) sp\r\nNingkianolithus hanadirensis El-Khayal Crozonaspis sp. Crozonaspis nov. sp. Iberocoryphe cf. verneuili Hamman Phacopidina nov. sp. Annphidae Kerfornella sp. ? Calymenella sp. Dalmanitidae\r\n(J.L. Henry) determinations\r\nTRILOBITES\r\nOistodus abondans (Branson and Mehl) Baltonidius variabilis (Bergstrom) Drepanodus suberectus (Branson and Mehl) Drepanodus homocurvatus (Lindstrom) Saggitodontus sp. Corylodus sp. Keislognathus sp. Hibbardella sp.\r\n(M. Weyant) determinations\r\nCONODONTS\r\nFormation of Estonia and Latvia.\r\nThe well-exposed Ordovician succession of Baltica has been described by Nielsen (2004). A late Llanvirn sea-level rise (= murchisoni Zone) is recognisable across the region, in for example, the Taurupe\r\nIn the Anti-Atlas of Morocco, an MFS can be demonstrated in the upper part of the open-marine Tachilla Shales, which lie between the Zini and First Bani sandstones (Figure 12). This MFS is associated with murchisoni zone graptolites (Destombes, 1963; Destombes et al., 1985; Elaouad-Debbaj, 1984; Gutierrez-Marco et al., 2003) and acritarchs including Frankea sartbernardense (Deunff, 1977), demonstrating that it is an expression of the O30 MFS as defined in Saudi Arabia.\r\nThe reference section for this MFS lies in shales near the base of Hanadir Member, Qasim Formation, Saudi Arabia (Figure 11) (El-Khayal and Romano, 1988; Vaslet, 1989; Al-Hajri, 1995; Ekren et al., 1986; Senalp and Al-Duaji, 2001; Al-Hajri and Owens, 2000) with graptolites of the Didymograptus murchisoni Zone supported by trilobites and chitinozoa (McClure, 1988; Paris et al., 2000) and acritarchs (Strother et al., 1996) of the clavata - pissotensis chitinozoan zones (e.g. Laufeldochitina clavata, Linochitina pissotensis).\r\nA further example to demonstrate the global synchronicity of our sequence-stratigraphic model is afforded by the Middle Ordovician O30 MFS of Sharland et al. (2001), which lies within the murchisoni\r\ngraptolite biozone.\r\nperiods of Earth history.\r\nthe same sequence-stratigraphic surface in multiple basins, each with differing tectonics and sedimentation rates, then the surface must be eustatic in origin. The causality and rates of such eustatic change are the subject of another paper we have in preparation, but like Miller et al. (2003, 2005) we can envisage rapid glacio-eustatic sea-level changes in what are traditionally seen as \\\"greenhouse\\\"\r\nDidymograptus gr. bifidus (Hall) Didymograptus gr. murchisoni (Beck) Didymograptus aff. D. clavulus Didymograptus sp. Diplograptidae (gen. and sp. Indet.) Clyptograptus sp.\r\n? Glyptograptus sp. Diplograptus ex. gr. vulgatus Perner Amp exograptus sp.\r\ndeterminations\r\n(Ph. Legrand)\r\nGRAPTOLITES\r\n1\r\nand Romano)\r\n1\r\nI\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\nla\r\nle\r\n1\r\nSTAGE\r\n-Mbr-\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\n1st Bani\r\nO40 SB\r\nO30 MFS\r\nTachilla\r\nFigure 12: O30 MFS can be picked in the open-marine Tachilla Shale of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco. Graptolites and palynomorphs described from this interval confirm attribution to the murchisoni graptolite zone, as in the reference section in Saudi Arabia. Photograph reproduced with the permission from Gutierrez-Marco et al. (2003).\r\nThese, and other examples, allow us to demonstrate that the O30 MFS can be recognised in murchisoni Zone sediments (or equivalent) right across northern Gondwana, and in the separate continents of Baltica and Laurentia as shown on Figure 10. There is no doubt that O30 is a global phenomenon.\r\nAnother way of testing the global applicability of the Arabian Plate sequence stratigraphic model is to compare the position of our surfaces with those defined in the sea-level curves of other authors, where we can clearly see how their curve has been constructed.\r\nOne such curve would be that of Sahagian et al. (1996) for the Jurassic and Cretaceous of the Russian Platform and Western Siberia. Here, a detailed relative sea-level curve has been constructed using the excellent outcrops and seismic and borehole expression of the progradation and retrogradation of clastics systems into the Russian Platform. The ages of progradation and retrogradation are calibrated by various palaeontological data, including ammonites. This allows attribution of sea- level falls and rises to the Boreal ammonite standard for the Jurassic and Cretaceous, which in turn can be compared with the Tethyan standard.\r\nAs can be seen from Figure 13, there is excellent biostratigraphic correspondence of our Arabian Plate MFS from Sharland et al. (2001) with sea-level maxima as identified by Sahagian et al. (1996). There are additional maxima (= MFS) recognised by Sahagian et al. and some of these correspond to MFS that we have subsequently recognised in Arabia and elsewhere in the world in unpublished work. However, the most important point is that MFS recognised in Arabia can be recognised in West Siberia and confirmed to be of precisely the same age (within the resolution of biostratigraphy - in this case less than 0.5 My).\r\nDromart et al. (2003) have reviewed global sea-level change in the Callovian period. They note a major sea-level rise occurred in the mid-Callovian (anceps - coronatum zones) and tabulated its occurrence, usually in the form of organic-rich deposits, with data points as far afield as the Philippines and the Falkland Plateau in the South Atlantic. This is our J40 MFS (Sharland et al., 2001), with its reference section in the Tuwaiq Mountain Limestone of Saudi Arabia, another surface with global distribution (see Figure 10).\r\nInterestingly, Dromart et al. (2003) have also tabulated the global synchronicity of a major sea-level fall and hence sequence boundary in the late Callovian (lamberti zone) - this is our J50 SB (Sharland et al., 2001). They provide convincing oxygen isotope data to suggest that an ice cap with a total ice\r\n117\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nSeries Stage\r\nSubstage\r\nStandard ammonite biochrono- zones (NW Europe and Tethyan region)\r\nLocal ammonite biochrono- zones (Russian Platform) inoceramide zones\r\n10\r\n20\r\n30\r\n40\r\n50\r\n60\r\n70\r\n80\r\n90\r\n100\r\n110\r\nUpper\r\nE. austriacum\r\nI. patootensis\r\nSantonian\r\nP. polyopsis\r\nLower\r\nT. gallicus\r\nI. cardissoides\r\n-K160\r\nConiacian\r\nLMU\r\nP. serratomarginatus G. margae\r\nI. involutus\r\nUPPER CRETACEOUS\r\nTuronian\r\nL MU\r\nS. neptuni\r\nl. costellatus\r\nR. ornatissimum. R. kallesi - K turoniense\r\nl. lamarcki\r\nM. nodosoides W. coloradense\r\nl. labiatus\r\nN. juddi\r\n**\r\nM. geslenianum\r\nC. guerangeri\r\nI. pictuss.l.\r\nA. jukesbrowney\r\nCenomanian\r\nMiddle\r\nA. rhotomagense\r\nM. dixoni\r\nS. varians\r\n0\r\nLower\r\nM. mantelli\r\nS. dispar\r\n0\r\nHoplites sp.\r\nK110\r\nM. inflatum\r\n0\r\nD. cristatum\r\nA. intermedius\r\nH. dentatus\r\nE. lautus\r\n-K100\r\nO. raulinianus\r\nC. mangyschla- kense\r\nL. dutempleana\r\nLower\r\nL. regularis\r\nL. regularis\r\nL. tradefurcata\r\nL. tradefurcata\r\n-K90\r\n0\r\nUpper\r\n0\r\nO\r\nLOWER CRETACEOUS Albian\r\nMiddle\r\nH. dentatus\r\nFigure 13: Comparison of the relative sea-level curve for parts of the Jurassic and Cretaceous of the Russian Platform (Sahagian et al., 1996) with MFS after Sharland et al. (2001, 2004). There is a good comparison, constrained by biostratigraphy, although there are also addition events in the Russian Platform data (redrawn with the permission of the AAPG Bulletin).\r\nP. tridorsatum\r\n-K150\r\nI. schloenbachi\r\nF. petrocoriensis\r\n*\r\n-K140\r\nUpper\r\nR. deverianum\r\nRelative Eustatic Change (m)\r\n118\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nSeries\r\nStage\r\nSubstage\r\nStandard ammonite biochrono- zones (NW Europe and Tethyan region)\r\nLocal ammonite biochrono- zones (Russian Platform)\r\n0\r\n10\r\n20\r\n30\r\n40\r\n50\r\n60\r\n70\r\n80\r\n90\r\n100\r\nP. albidum\r\nP. albidum\r\nK20\r\nLOWER CRETACEOUS\r\nB. stenomphala\r\nS. tzikwinianus\r\nBerriasian\r\nR. riasanites and\r\nL. icenii\r\nS. spasskensis\r\nH. kochi\r\nH. kochi\r\nP. runctoni\r\nGarniericeras and Riasanites\r\nS. lamplughi\r\nC. nodiger\r\n-K10\r\nUpper\r\nS\r\npreplicomphalus\r\nC. subditus\r\nS. primitivus\r\nK. fulgens\r\nP. oppressus\r\nE. nikitini\r\nK. kerberus\r\nG. okusensis\r\nG. glaucolithus\r\nV. virgatus\r\nP. albani V. fittoni\r\nD. panderi\r\n0\r\n0\r\nP. pallasioides\r\nP. pectinatus\r\nI. pseudoscythica\r\nLower\r\nP. hudlestoni\r\nI. sokolovi\r\nP. wheatleyensis\r\nP. scitulus\r\nI. klimovi\r\nP. elegans\r\nA. autissiodorensis A. autissiodorensis\r\nJ70\r\nA. mutabilis\r\nA. acanthicum\r\nR. cymodoce\r\nA. kitchini\r\nLower\r\nP. baylei\r\nR. pseudocordale\r\nR. pseudocordata\r\nA. ravni\r\nD. decipiens\r\nA. serratum\r\nP. cautisnigrae\r\nA. alternoides\r\nG. transversarium\r\nC. tenuiserratum\r\nJ50\r\nL\r\nQ. mariae\r\nQ. mariae\r\nUpper\r\nQ. lamberti\r\nQ. lamberti\r\nP. athleta\r\nP. athleta\r\nCallovian\r\nMiddle\r\nE. coronatum\r\nE. coronatum\r\nJ40\r\nK. jason\r\nK. jason\r\nS. calloviense\r\nS. calloviense\r\n0\r\n0\r\nPoints difficult for precise estimations (can be higher or lower by 10-20 m)\r\nM. macrocephalus\r\nC. elatmae\r\n0\r\nThe curve is based on Russian Platform stratigraphic data, except:\r\n** from Agapa River (northern Siberia)\r\nO. aspidoides\r\nA. baticus\r\nO\r\n* from Yangoda River (northern Siberia)\r\nT. subcontractus\r\n-\r\n= low estimate\r\nG. progracilis\r\n= high estimate\r\nLower\r\nZ. zigzag\r\nP. michalskii\r\nJ30\r\nP. parkinsoni\r\nP. raricostata\r\nBajocian Upper\r\nG. garantiana\r\nG. garantiana\r\nFigure 13 continued.\r\nS. niortense\r\nS. niortense\r\nKimmeridgian\r\nUpper\r\nA. eudoxus\r\nA. eudoxus\r\nJ60\r\nOxfordian\r\nMU\r\nP. plicatilis\r\nC. densiplicatum\r\nC. cordatum\r\nC. cordatum\r\nLower\r\nUpper\r\nC. discus\r\nMIDDLE JURASSIC Bathonian\r\nMiddle\r\nUPPER JURASSIC\r\nT. anguiformis\r\nVolgian Middle\r\nP. rotunda\r\nRelative Eustatic Change (m)\r\n119\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nvolume of 6-9 million km3 had developed over present-day East Siberia, the formation and melting of which would be sufficient to change sea-level in the order of 40-80 m.\r\nOther examples of demonstrating the global synchronicity include Hancock (2004) who demonstrated the widespread and synchronous occurrence of what we would term K130 SB in the middle Cenomanian.\r\nWe feel confident that a detailed global model of eustatic sea-level change and sequence stratigraphy tied precisely to huge volumes of outcrop and subsurface data is emerging, and that with this in mind, we can propose that such global sequences form a useful adjunct to chronostratigraphic (i.e. stage) definition.\r\nBase Albian (K90 SB) Example\r\nAt present there is no agreed definition for the base of the Albian (Gradstein et al., 2004). Can sequence stratigraphy offer a guide to choosing a viable definition?\r\nThe Albian stage, as with other examples we have mentioned, was originally described in a platform setting, with an unconformity (sequence boundary) at its base. It was originally described from the Alb region of France by d'Orbigny (1842) and at its type locality there are erosive based sands in its lower part (Figure 14). Consequently a GSSP is currently being sought in a basinal location with continuous deposition. Several contrasting guide events have been suggested for the base Albian\r\nPOSSIBLE GSSP LOCATION\r\nType Area\r\nBiozones\\/ Bioevents\r\nDepth\r\n(m)\r\nLith- ology\r\nCarbonate (%)\r\n0\r\n-100\r\nMFS\r\nSB\r\nTST\r\nMRS\r\nDepth\r\nH. planispira\r\n30\r\nHST\r\nLST\r\nMFS\r\nCC\r\nGlobigerinelloides ferreolensis\r\n25\r\nPlatform\r\nBasin\r\nT. bejaouaensis\r\nL\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\n1\r\nMFS\r\n10\r\n0000\r\nTime\r\nTST\r\nMRS\r\nCC\r\nSB\r\nK90\r\n15\r\nHST\r\nH. trocoidea\r\n20-\r\n1 22,2\r\n2 22,\r\n- 10 m\r\nSB\r\n-\r\n0\r\nHST\r\n- Psubnodosa\r\nK90\r\nFigure 14: The sequence stratigraphic location of the type area of the Albian stage compared with a possible GSSP location in Umbria, Italy. The type area in Alb, France (illustration after Cavelier and Roger, 1980) is in a platform, up-system tract, position with a sequence boundary (K90 SB) (missing time) at its base. In the basinal setting in Italy (Coccioni et al., 1990) there is continuous deposition, although K90 CC can be detected by the influx of clays into the basin synchronous with the extinction of the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinelloides ferreolensis. This may provide a guide to GSSP selection.\r\n120\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nGSSP, and there is much debate amongst the Albian community as to the value of each and the best location for a GSSP (Hart et al., 1996; Kennedy et al., 2000; Hancock, 2001; Owen, 2002).\r\nK90 SB is the sequence boundary to the K90 MFS as defined by Sharland et al. (2001) and is an important and easily recognisable sequence boundary across Arabia. We have also recognised it in North Africa, the Mediterranean region, South America, and throughout the former Soviet Union, as far north as the Barents Sea.\r\nIn Arabia, K90 SB is typically associated with the replacement of carbonate deposition (e.g. Shu'aiba Formation, Dariyan Formation) with clastic deposition (e.g. Burgan Formation, Nahr Umr Formation) (Figure 15). In Arabia this dramatic change is the sedimentary response to the uplift of the Arabia- Nubian Shield, in turn responding to accelerated opening of the South Atlantic Ocean and the onset of increased subduction in the Neo-Tethys Ocean. In response to these events major deltas sourced by rivers flowing from the Arabian Shield prograded eastwards and caused the cessation of carbonate deposition. Facies transitions across this sequence boundary are spectacular and are of no small economic importance. The karstification of the underlying platform carbonates at this sequence boundary helps create, for example, many Shu'aiba reservoirs (Witt and Gökdag, 1994; Boote and Mou, 2003), whilst the onset of clastic deposition at the sequence boundary is also the onset of deposition of the important Burgan and Nahr Umr reservoirs.\r\nWest\r\nEast\r\nR\r\nO\r\nC\r\nDD\r\nTEE\r\nAF\r\nK\r\nSEQUENCE STRATI- GRAPHY (This Study)\r\nSea Level I\r\n- K90 SB\r\nNahr Umr\r\n-\r\nNahr Umr\r\n-\r\n?\r\nSea Level II\r\n-\r\n-\r\nBab Carbonate (shelf crest)\r\nCycle 3\r\nBab Carbonate (shelf crest)\r\nCycle 2\r\nCycle 1\r\n?\r\nBab Shale Equivalent\r\nShu'aiba Shelf Facies\r\n?\r\nShu'aiba Basinal Facies\r\n50 m-\r\nThamama Zone A\r\n100ft\r\n0\r\n50\r\n0\r\n-0\r\nkm\r\nFigure 15: Occurrence of K90 SB in the Shu'aiba Platform - Bab Basin area of the UAE (data after Taher, 1997, redrafted in Sharland et al., 2001). Clastic input characterises this SB\\/CC and biostratigraphic and isotope data (Vahrenkamp, 1996) places this boundary in the jacobi Zone of the ammonite standard.\r\n121\r\nM\r\nBab Carbonate (prograding shelf)\r\nShu'aiba Shelf Facies\r\n?\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nIn a platform location, K90 SB can encompass a long period of non-deposition and erosion. However, in basinal settings, where carbonates are replaced by clastics it can be tied to the later part of the jacobi ammonite biozone (e.g. Bab Basin, United Arab Emirates data, Vahrenkamp, 1996; Tunisia Dorsale data, Souquet et al., 1997). This ammonite zone traditionally lies in the uppermost part of the Aptian.\r\nAs noted above, K90 SB is readily identifiable outside of Arabia and indeed it is expressed in the basinal areas of the Mediterranean region under consideration for GSSP definition. For example, at Poggio le Guaine, Umbria, Italy (Coccioni et al., 1990), K90 SB (in correlative conformity) can be located by the sudden onset of clay-rich deposition at the base of the K90 lowstand (Figure 14). This onset of clastic deposition (and hence SB\\/CC) is associated with the extinction of the planktonic foraminifera Globigerinelloides ferreolensis. A similar feature is seen in the Piobbico core taken nearby (Tornaghi et al., 1989). The extinction of Globigerinelloides ferreolensis has long been considered by micropalaeontologists (Caron, 1985; BouDagher-Fadel et al., 1997) as an approximate proxy for the Aptian\\/ Albian boundary. Given that this event is associated with the globally important K90 SB we would strongly recommend that it is this K90 SB event that is given priority as a base Albian GSSP guide. This would harmonise the base of the Albian with an important sequence boundary and honour the original concepts on which the Albian was first described.\r\nDISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS\r\nWe hope that through the examples described above we have been able to demonstrate that there is a natural link between chronostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy (Figure 16), a culmination of almost 200 years of scientific endeavour beginning with William Smith's first geological mapping exercise published in 1815.\r\nWhen stages, the basic units of chronostratigraphy, were first introduced by d'Orbigny, many were unconformity-bounded units, relating to marked events (we would say sea-level change) in Earth history. Whilst many stages were originally described from platform settings, GSSPs for stages are currently being sought in basinal locations where there is continuous deposition. In such settings it may be practical to recognise the correlative conformity to the sequence boundary relating to the original description. This in turn can be related to a palaeontological event (fossil species evolutionary inception or extinction) which can be used as a guide in GSSP definition. In such a way the two disciplines of chronostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy can be reconciled and harmonised.\r\nHarmonising stage boundaries and correlative conformities of sequence boundaries are one way in which a \\\"natural boundary\\\" may be selected for a stage boundary. The concept of \\\"natural boundaries\\\" has been much debated in the literature during the history of GSSPs and both Ager (1993a) and, more recently, Remane (2003) and Walsh et al. (2004) have been critical of such a concept. Nonetheless, many would argue that stratigraphers who have looked at a given period of geological time long enough know instinctively that there are \\\"events\\\" in the rock record during that time period that can be recognised at many localities (Wang Xulian, 2002) (termed the \\\"Best Natural Boundary\\\" by Mei Shilong (1996)). These range from events relating to impacts of extra-terrestrial bodies and mass volcanism, to climate and sea-level change. This echoes the original concepts of d'Orbigny who believed that his stages were \\\"a natural chronological division of earth history\\\" (Monty, 1968). Hedberg (1976) in the original version of the International Stratigraphic Guide recognised that \\\"if major natural changes (\\\"natural breaks\\\") in the historical development of the Earth can be identified at specific points in sequences of continuous deposition, these may constitute desirable points for the boundary- stratotypes of stages\\\".\r\nIn a series of well-argued polemics Walliser (1984, 1985) noted that there are what he termed \\\"natural\\\" boundaries and \\\"commission\\\" boundaries in the Devonian Period. By this he meant that many Devonian workers would instinctively recognise say the base of the Famennian Stage from Australia to Canada on the basis of a change in the rock record relating to climate \\/ sea-level change - this may not be the same location as an artificially introduced boundary based on the extinction or inception of a particular species, no matter how useful that event in correlation.\r\n122\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nCHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY\r\nversus\r\nSEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY\r\n1815 - William Smith publishes 1st Geological Map of England, using fossils to subdivide and correlate strata. -\r\n1888 - Suess introduces concept of eustacy.\r\n1850 - Alcide d'Orbigny introduces the term \\\"stage\\\" recognising fossil assemblages separated by unconformities.\r\n1949 - Sloss et al. introduce the concept of sequences.\r\nLate 19th Century - Numerous Stages introduced.\r\n1977 - Vail et al. link sequence stratigraphy to eustacy.\r\n1937 - Stratotype concept introduced.\r\n1987 - Haq et al. eustatic sea-level curve published.\r\n1960 - GSSP concept introduced.\r\n2001 - Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy published.\r\n1972 - First GSSP (base Devonian).\r\n1986 - IUGS sets goal of GSSP for every Stage.\r\n2006 - 50% of Stages have GSSP.\r\nHarmony of Sequence Stratigraphy and Chronostratigraphy?\r\nFigure 16: In the course of geological research, chronostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy have undergone separate, parallel, lines of research. The integration of sequence stratigraphic concepts into GSSP definitions will provide a means of harmonising these two related disciplines.\r\nWe have much sympathy for Walliser's views - there are events in the rock record that are important in correlation, and these should be taken into account. Derek Ager (1993a) in his splendid book \\\"the Nature of the Stratigraphical Record\\\" argued that stratigraphers should cease their quest for the golden horizon of the \\\"true\\\" beginning of chronostratigraphic subdivisions via \\\"natural boundaries\\\", but, conversely, in his last book (Ager, 1993b) stressed the importance of the event in geological history. The late Jürgen Remane, doyen of the ICS and a major protagonist for the creation of GSSPs, stated, in an often-quoted and much debated remark that \\\"correlation should precede definition\\\" (Remane et al., 1996; Remane, 2003) (see also Murphy, 1994, for a similar view). And, as the late D.J. Maclaren (another pioneer in the GSSP movement) once wrote: \\\"Without correlation, successions of time derived in one area are unique, and contribute nothing to understanding Earth history elsewhere\\\" (MacLaren, 1978). We would agree - what is the eustatic event (and hence associated bioevent) in the rock record that can be correlated and recognised around the world? This should form the basis for GSSP definition.\r\nThe stratigraphers defining GSSPs represent a small fraction of practising geoscientists. If they do not choose boundaries that geoscientists can readily recognise in the rock record and relate to events in Earth history, they will not find favour and the geoscience community will be no further forward in its quest to obtain definition and stability in chronostratigraphy.\r\nAs a final example, the definition of the base of the Pleistocene has recently come under review as part of the hot debate on the status and definition of the Quaternary. Gibbard et al. (2005) indicate that they would like to see the base Pleistocene revised from association with an event around 1.8 Ma to association with an event at 2.6 Ma (the base of the Gelasian stage). They are not the first to suggest this - the base Pleistocene was formally defined and ratified with a GSSP over 20 years ago and an attempt to revise this definition in 1998 met without success (see for example, Morrison and Kukla, 1998, versus Vai, 1997, and Aubry et al., 1998). The gist of the Gibbard et al. argument is that the onset of the expansion of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets occurs around 2.6 Ma and it is this event that forms the \\\"natural\\\" base to the Pleistocene Stage, which is commonly used as a synonym for ice-age conditions (the reduction in African forests and the coeval increase in savannah led our human ancestors to leave the canopy at this time (Dunbar, 2004)). The GSPP event at 1.8 Ma is, in the opinion of Gibbard et al., and other workers, a minor climatic event (it was nonetheless coincident with the onset of the rapid expansion in human brain size (Dunbar, 2004)). So we now have two usages of\r\n123\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nPleistocene - one that is defined by its GSSP and sanctioned by the ICS and another that is being used by a large group of scientists active in Pleistocene research!\r\nTo recall the phrase of Humpty-Dumpty we used at the beginning of this article \\\"when I use a word it means exactly what I want it to mean, neither more, nor less\\\". We must avoid such a situation in chronostratigraphy by defining chronostratigraphic units using events in the rock record that the whole Earth Science community can recognise as significant. Sequence stratigraphy is an essential tool in the recognition of such events.\r\nACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\r\nThe authors are grateful to their colleagues at Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd for discussion of the ideas presented in this paper and comments on early drafts of the manuscript. We are also grateful to those geoscientists who have commented on our conference presentations at which we outlined the ideas within this paper. We would like to give special thanks to the anonymous GeoArabia reviewers whose comments helped improve this paper. We wish to thank Wendy Cawthorne and her colleagues at the library of the Geological Society of London for obtaining various published articles for us and to thank those geoscientists who kindly sent us reprints of their papers. Our thanks go to Heather Pattison and the GeoArabia team for greatly improving the presentation of this paper. All those figures based on previously published figures or data are redrawn or modified. 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Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, v. 12, p. 321-330.\r\n128\r\nArabian Plate sequence stratigraphy and global chronostratigraphy\r\nABOUT THE AUTHORS\r\nMike Simmons is Director of Geoscience at Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd., a leading consultancy company specializing in global sequence stratigraphy and its applications to hydrocarbon exploration and production. He has responsibilities for the development of the Neftex Sequence Stratigraphic Model. Mike oversees the application of the model in Neftex's regional studies and carries out bespoke sequence stratigraphic studies for clients. Previously he was Director and Chief Geologist of CASP at Cambridge University and the Head of the Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology at the University of Aberdeen in Scotland. Mike spent 11 years with BP Exploration working as a Senior Geologist\\/Biostratigrapher, specializing in the Middle East and Former Soviet Union regions. He holds BSc and PhD degrees from Plymouth University.\r\nmike.simmons@neftex.com\r\nPeter Sharland is Managing Director of Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd based in the UK (www.neftex.com). Neftex is completing the development of a global sequence stratigraphic database and model based on the vast public domain and provides these data to subscribing oil companies via the web. In this work Neftex identifies, correlates and maps key stratal surfaces around the World and presents the resulting interpretations in complex 2D and 3D models. During his career Peter has worked on global geoscience projects as well as projects in the Middle East, North Africa and the Former Soviet Union. Prior to Neftex Peter worked for LASMO, BP and LL&E. Peter received his BSc in Geology from London University in 1983 and has 24 years of industry experience.\r\npeter.sharland@neftex.com\r\nDavid (Dave) Casey is Technical Director and co-founder of Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd and has over 20 years of oil industry experience. His responsibilities within the company include IT and information management and mentoring of structural geoscience. Prior to co-founding the company in 2001, he was an independent geoscience consultant specialising in the petroleum geology of the Middle East and Greater Caspian regions. He is also a co-author of Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy. Dave began his career as a petroleum geologist with BP in 1983, where he spent 11 years gaining experience on the United Kingdom and the Middle East and Caspian. Dave holds a BSc in Geology and an MSc in Hydrogeology from Reading University, as well as a PhD in Sedimentary Geology and Tectonics from Oxford University.\r\ndave.casey@neftex.com\r\n129\r\nSimmons et al.\r\nRoger Davies is Projects Director and co-founder of Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd. Roger has over 25 years of oil industry experience starting with a Major oil company (BP) and working as an independent geoscience consultant before co- founding Neftex in 2001. Within Neftex, Roger leads bespoke projects for clients and has a fundamental role in the development and application of the Neftex Sequence Stratigraphic Model. He has a PhD in Carbonate Sedimentology and Micropalaeontology from Southampton University, and a BSc in Geology from Bristol University. His early career was spent as a Sedimentologist working worldwide on carbonate and clastic reservoirs for BP.\r\nroger.davies@neftex.com\r\nOwen Sutcliffe is Senior Geoscientist with Neftex Petroleum Consultants Ltd whom he joined in 2003. He leads the application of the Neftex sequence stratigraphic model to successions in a variety of basins globally. He graduated from the University of Leeds in 1993 with a BSc (Honours) in Geological Science and was subsequently awarded a PhD from the University of Bristol in 1997. Owen's main geological interests focus on the stratigraphic and sedimentological evolution of Palaeozoic petroleum systems of the World and the application of glacial sedimentological models to appropriate reservoirs. He acts as an adviser to a PhD student from the University of Leeds. After 2 years post-doctoral research on the architectural character of the upper Ordovician in North Africa (University of Wales, Aberystwyth and LASMO), Owen started a 3-year career with Badley Ashton & Associates.\r\nowen.sutcliffe@neftex.com\r\nManuscript received 24 January, 2007 Revised May 8, 2007 Accepted May 20, 2007\r\nPress version proofread by authors July 12, 2007\r\n130", "vector_content": [ 0.025826206, -0.0004435586, -0.026177522, -0.008144029, -0.0057063713, 0.016729288, -0.012923014, 0.0063747093, -0.03946543, 0.01855107, 0.037405394, 0.021055527, 0.029355096, -0.0132575575, -0.01518112, 0.042338487, -0.018605838, -0.01451604, 0.010232127, -0.0043925107, 0.0062705753, 0.01297992, -0.024787374, 0.04422405, -0.010670007, 0.0252522, 0.017589916, 0.014618454, -0.028351724, 0.017357165, 0.03875628, 0.0066764243, 0.027050762, 0.02636525, -0.024736127, -0.029644826, 0.032452386, -0.012885417, 0.0010557987, 0.017598448, 0.011360402, -0.012380125, 0.0134498095, 0.0117904665, 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"CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618_57FBEBF050FE4960A593BF5B44A526BC", "filetype": ".pdf", "versioncount": 1, "linkstatus": 0, "subject": "Simmons_Geoarabia2007", "documenttype": null, "documentdate": null, "documentdatestr": "", "status": 32768, "statusstr": "32768", "docpages": 30, "docsizekb": null, "created": "2025-01-29T09:09:36Z", "modified": "2025-02-22T18:57:58Z", "operator": "DXServiceAccount", "folderid": "1EC7B320D7F94B66BF4DAEED2CB57F1B", "pid": "0", "documentid": "57FBEBF050FE4960A593BF5B44A526BC", "documentidalias": "57FBEBF050FE4960A593BF5B44A526BC", "dbdefid": "CAB2025222185618DRA2025222185618", "fielddefid": "C8D5107D8C564810B2565229DAE33007", "docsize": 1355445, "maxversions": 1, "documentviewer": 1, "signoutdate": null, "signoutby": null, "signoutmsg": null, "findbyid": null, "accessed": "2025-02-22T18:57:58Z", "exportfilename": "Simmons_Geoarabia2007" }, { "@search.score": 0.53816843, "content": "Fraser Well Management\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z\r\nEnd of Well Report\r\nRevision and Approval Form\r\nTECHNICAL REPORT\r\nTitle Colter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nReport No.\r\nFWM-COR-COL-EOR-001-1\r\nRevision Date\r\n31\\/05\\/19\r\nRev. No. 1\r\nClient Corallian Energy Ltd\r\nClient Contact\r\nDave Gaudoin\r\nClient Reference\r\nRev. No.\r\nRevision History\r\nDate\r\nPrepared\r\nApproved\r\n0\r\nIssued for review\r\n28\\/05\\/19\r\nTQ \\/ CL\r\nJSA\r\n1\r\nFinal revision\r\n31\\/05\\/19\r\nTQ \\/ CL\r\nJSA\r\nName\r\nDate\r\nSignature\r\nPrepared by\r\nTom Quick \\/ Craig Lindsay\r\n(FWM Drilling Engineers)\r\n31\\/05\\/19\r\nGraig Lindsay\r\nApproved by\r\nJonathan Speed-Andrews\r\n(FWM Operations Manager)\r\n31\\/05\\/19\r\nFraser Well Management Ltd, Beacon Innovation Park, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, NR31 7RA | www.fraserwellmanagement.com\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nExecutive Summary\r\nThis End of Well Report provides a detailed review of the rig-based operations during the drilling and abandonment of the 98\\/11a-6 well & 98\\/11a-6z sidetrack. The report includes a narrative for each phase of the well construction and abandonment; analyses of safety and operational performance and relevant well data.\r\nThe well was drilled using the Ensco 72 jack-up MODU, which was contracted by Corallian Energy Ltd. The well duration including the 6z sidetrack was 60.33 days, 11.13 days behind the planned operational duration of 49.20 days. A total of 14.24 days of non-productive time (including WOW) was incurred. There were no lost time injuries, or first aid cases recorded.\r\nThe 98\\/11a-6 Colter well was drilled to an initial TD in the Sherwood Sandstone of 1,870m, in 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section as per the base case well design, encountering approximately 3m of net pay above the oil water contact. E-line logging was attempted but was unsuccessful due to rapidly deteriorating hole conditions across the Oxford Clay. Formation tops were encountered deeper than prognosed while drilling and it was surmised that the well had passed to the south of a dividing fault with the main target to the north. The decision was made to abandon the motherbore and perform a sidetrack to the north of the fault.\r\nThe Sherwood reservoir interval was abandoned and the well sidetracked from 950mMD in 12 1\\/4\\\" hole, and directionally drilled to 1,119mMD. The 9 5\\/8\\\" casing was run to isolate the unstable Oxford Clay identified in the motherbore in preparation for logging. Well 98\\/11a-6z was drilled to a TD of 1,910m mdbrt in 8 1\\/2\\\" hole. The Sherwood Sandstone was encountered at 1,863m mdbrt \\/-1,762.2m tvdss, 62.2m deeper than prognosed indicating that minimal uplift across the fault had occurred.\r\nMinimal indication of hydrocarbons in the Sherwood sandstone were observed. Based on this E-line logging was cancelled and the well plugged and abandoned in line with Oil and Gas UK (OGUK) guidelines.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 2 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nContents\r\n1 Introduction 6\r\n1.1 Well Objectives 7\r\n1.2 Project Summary 7\r\n2 General Project Data\r\n9\r\n2.1 Well Data Sheet\r\n9\r\n2.2 Drilling Unit Specification 11\r\n2.3 Formation Tops 12\r\n2.4 Daily Operations Summary 14\r\n3 Section Reviews\r\n17\r\n3.1 Rig Move and Preparation for Drilling. 17\r\n3.2 Drill 36\\\" Hole 18\r\n3.3 Run and Cement 30\\\" Conductor 20\r\n3.4 Perform 26\\\" Cleanout run 23\r\n3.5 Drill 17 1\\/2\\\" Hole\r\n24\r\n3.6 Run and Cement 133\\/8\\\" Casing 27\r\n3.7 Wellhead & BOP Installation\r\n30\r\n3.8 Drill 12 1\\/4\\\" Hole 32\r\n3.9 Open Hole Logging\r\n36\r\n3.10 12 1\\/2\\\" Cleanout Trip\r\n37\r\n3.11 Sidetrack Kick Off Plugs 38\r\n3.12 Drill 12 1\\/4\\\" Side Track Hole Section 39\r\n3.13 Run and Cement 9 5\\/8\\\" Casing 41\r\n3.14 Drill 8 1\\/2\\\" Hole 44\r\n3.15 Plug and Abandonment 49\r\n3.16 Rig Down & Demobilisation 52\r\n4 Appendices 54\r\nAppendix A - Final Well Status Diagram\r\nAppendix B - Time Depth Curve\r\nAppendix C - NPT Breakdown\r\nAppendix D - Bit Record\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 3 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nFigure 1 - View of Ensco 72 from coastline 5 Figure 2 - Well location. 6\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 4 of 84 Revision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nFigure 1 - View of Ensco 72 from coastline\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 5 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n1 Introduction\r\nThis report covers the drilling of the well 98\\/11a-6 and sidetrack 98\\/11a-6z approximately 6 kilometres (km) from the Dorset coastline in Poole Bay.\r\nCorallian Energy Ltd contracted Fraser Well Management (FWM) to act as the Well Operator designing, planning and managing operations on a vertical appraisal well in the Colter field using the Ensco 72 jack-up drilling rig. The closest oil and gas field is the onshore Wytch Farm oilfield to the North.\r\nThe Colter well was designed to evaluate a partially appraised fault bounded trap at the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone reservoir interval. Colter is a rotated fault block containing Sherwood Sandstone reservoir sealed by Mercia Mudstone, charged from Liassic oil-prone source rocks in the Wessex-Channel Basin to the south of the prospect. The fault block lies 2km directly south of the Wytch Farm oilfield (over 450mmbbls oil recovered from Sherwood and Bridport reservoirs).\r\nThe well was planned as a vertical appraisal well targeting the Sherwood Sandstone reservoir identified by several close offset wells. The results of the appraisal will be used to determine the future strategy for any block development. With the proximity of the well location to both the Dorset coastline and the environmentally sensitive locations around it, environmental control was a key consideration during all planning and operations.\r\nA third-party engagement action plan was initiated due to the extensive interest shown by environmental campaign groups prior to the Ensco 72 arrival at Poole. See 'Solace Project Security Plan' appendix for details.\r\nCorallian Energy\r\nBruton\r\nSalisbury\r\nphdok\r\ncarton\r\nFfingtian\\/ Crapborne Chase &\r\nKing's Sombo\r\nWinchester\r\nBRings\r\ncombey\r\nEastleigh Petersfield\r\nWEST SUSSI\r\nLocation\r\nŠtaibridge\r\nSouthampton\r\nSOUTH DOWN'S\r\nSherborne\r\nFordingbHdce\r\nHorndean Cz\r\nStonington\r\n420 Sturmichter\r\nSEE Fareham\r\nNewton\r\nVerwood O Ringwood\r\nWorthing\r\nCerne Blandford Abbas\r\nWimborne Minster\r\nNEW FOREST\r\nGosport\r\nLittlehampton\r\nLindt\r\nCowes\r\nRyde\r\nForeshore\r\nWareham\r\nBournemouth\r\nNewport\r\n23 BOURNEMOUTH\r\nWool\r\nSondown\r\n24 CITYOF SOUTHAR\r\nCorte Castle\r\nIsle of Wight\r\nVentnor\r\nWeymouth\r\nScheme) ISLE OF WIGHT\r\n27\r\nTVO UN GHAN\r\nPortland\r\nPortland\r\nBournemouth\r\n-----\r\nFarle Horseat\r\nA\r\nENGLISH CHANNE\r\nDina 2011\r\nPnew\r\nPin\r\nFigure 2 - Well location\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 6 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nO\r\nSelsey Sabacy\r\nURCA SCAR\r\nster\r\nYarmnouby\r\nForrtund\r\nNumbered unitary are POOLE\r\n· Shanklin\r\n25\r\nCITY OF PORTSNC\r\nISLE OF WIGHT\r\nREADING\r\nDORSETBere Puddletoum\r\nOTertown\r\nLymington of Solen\r\nPortsmouth\r\nBognor Regis\r\nlavaet\r\nA152\r\nST\r\nChichester\r\nForum\r\nSixpunny o Handley\r\nMidhurst\r\nPulborouc\r\nProposed 98\\/11-E Wel\r\nWest Wiltshire Down\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n1.1 Well Objectives\r\nThe objectives for the 98\\/11a-6 exploration well:\r\n. No harm to personnel or the environment\r\n. Maintain well integrity at all times during the well lifecycle\r\n. Utilise offset well data to drill and permanently plug and abandon the well safely, without lost time incidents or reportable environmental incidents\r\n· Drill well to a total depth of 1,790m TVDSS \\/ 1,829m TVDBRT\r\n· Intersect a target of 30m radius at top Sherwood Sandstone at 1,689m TVDSS directly below the surface location\r\n· Carry out a comprehensive logging and sampling programme (programme dependent on hydrocarbon shows)\r\n. Drill the well on time and within budget\r\n· Permanently plug and abandon the well in accordance with 'Oil & Gas UK Well Decommissioning Guidelines, Issue 6, June 2018'\r\n1.2 Project Summary\r\nKey dates:\r\nCommence tight tow to Colter location\r\n10:00 hrs 22\\/01\\/2019\r\nArrive on location\r\n06:30 hrs 02\\/02\\/2019\r\nComplete jacking and preload\r\n14:30 hrs 03\\/02\\/2019\r\nSpud well 11\\/24b-D 10:10 hrs 06\\/02\\/2019\r\nTD 98\\/11-6 well at 1,870m MDBRT 00:15 hrs 21\\/02\\/2019\r\nCommence 98\\/11-6z sidetrack 05:00 hrs 26\\/02\\/2019\r\nTD 98\\/11-6z sidetrack 09:00 hrs 07\\/03\\/2019\r\nEnd of Drilling Operations\r\n19:00 hrs 14\\/03\\/2019\r\nExit 98\\/11-6 500m zone\r\n14:36 hrs 17\\/03\\/2019\r\nComplete Tow To Hartlepool\r\n18:00hrs 23\\/03\\/2019\r\nHigh Level Project Data Summary:\r\nWell Duration (Original planned AFE)\r\nWell Duration (including ST, 9 5%\\\" casing & 8 1\\/2\\\" TD)\r\nPlanned\r\nActual\r\n41.00 days\r\n60.33 days\r\nPlanned\r\n49.20 days\r\nActual 60.33 days\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 7 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nTotal man hours worked 43,428 hrs\r\nProductive time\r\n46.09 days (76%)\r\nLost Time Incidents\r\n0\r\nRestricted Work Cases 0\r\nMedical Treatment Cases 0\r\nFirst Aid Cases 0\r\nPON 1 reportable spills OIR9B reportable Non-Productive Time (NPT)\r\n0\r\n0\r\n0.43 days (1%) - Error Avoidable 2.91 days (5%) - Risk Acceptable 10.91 days (18%) - WOW 14.24 days (24%) - Total NPT\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 8 of 84 Revision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n2 General Project Data\r\n2.1 Well Data Sheet\r\nBasin Name\r\nPoole Bay, English Channel\r\nProspect\r\nColter\r\nQuad\\/Block\r\n98\\/11a (P-1918 - 26th Round 2010 Traditional License)\r\nWell Name\r\n98\\/11a-6\r\nWell Status\r\nAppraisal\r\nOperator and Equity\r\nCorallian Energy Limited: 49%\r\nPartners and Equity\r\nCorfe Energy Ltd: 25% United Oil and Gas Colter Ltd: 10% Baron Oil PLC: 8% Resolute Oil & Gas (UK) Ltd: 8%\r\nRig Contractor\r\nEnsco\r\nJack-up MODU\r\nEnsco 72\r\nLatitude 50° 39' 16.741\\\" N\r\nLongitude 01° 49' 50.039\\\" W\r\nSurface Location\r\nUTM's 582 669.19 m E 5 612 188.57 m N\r\nED50 UTM Zone 30N Rig Heading 219.3°\r\nWater Depth RT to MSL\r\n18.5m MSL 40.37m\r\nReservoir Formation\r\nBridport Sand (Secondary Target) Sherwood Sandstone (Primary Target) New Red Sandstone (Secondary Target)\r\nReservoir Depth\r\nSherwood Sandstone: (Primary Target) 1,689.5m TVDSS (1,728.5m MDBRT)\r\nShut in Tubing head Pressure\r\nN\\/A\r\nReservoir Pressure\r\nSherwood Sandstone 2,576.5psia, at 1,680mTVDSS Bridport Sand 1,930 psia, at 1,165mTVDSS\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 9 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n@ Fraser Well Management\r\nReservoir Temperature\r\n158°F (70℃) at Top Sherwood Sandstone 1,689mTVDSS (1,728mMDBRT)\r\nTD Formation\r\nSherwood Sandstone or Aylesbeare Mudstone, Lower Triassic\r\nTD Depth\r\n1,790.5mTVDSS (1,829.5mMDBRT)\r\nSidetrack:\r\nReservoir Formation\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\nReservoir Depth\r\nSherwood Sandstone: (Primary Target) 1,700m TVDSS (1,767m MDBRT)\r\nShut in Tubing head Pressure\r\nN\\/A\r\nReservoir Pressure\r\nSherwood Sandstone 2,576.5psia, at 1,680mTVDSS\r\nReservoir Temperature\r\n158°F (70℃) at Top Sherwood Sandstone 1,689mTVDSS (1,728mMDBRT)\r\nTD Formation\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\nTD Depth\r\n1,799.4mTVDSS (1,910mMDBRT)\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 10 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n2.2 Drilling Unit Specification\r\nRig Contractor\r\nEnsco\r\nRig Name\r\nEnsco 72\r\nRig Type\r\nJack-up\r\nUnit\\/Design\\/Shape\r\nHitachi K1025N\r\nUnit Flag\r\nLiberian\r\nUnit Classification\r\nABS Maltese Cross self-elevating MODU\r\nPlace and year of Construction\r\nJapan, 1981\r\nAccommodation\r\n90 berths\r\nHull Dimensions (length, breadth, depth)\r\n230ft, 250ft, 23ft\r\nMaximum Water Depth\r\n225ft\r\nMaximum Drilling Depth\r\n25,000ft\r\nVariable Deck Load\r\n8.673kips\r\nDerrick manufacturer\r\nDreco\r\nDerrick Height\r\n160ft\r\nStatic Hook Load\r\n1,500,000lbs\r\nAutomated Pipe Handling\r\nNo\r\nCantilever Envelope\r\nAft 45ft, Transverse 12ft x 12ft\r\nMaximum Cantilever Load\r\n1,750kips\r\nRotary\r\nNational C-375 independent electric\r\nDrawworks\r\nNational 1320-UDBE\r\nPumps\r\n3 x national 12-P-160\r\nTop Drive\r\n500ton Varco TDS-4H\r\nDiverter\r\nABB Regan KFDJ (2,000psi).\r\n13-5%\\\" Hydril GX Annular (5,000psi)\r\n3-1\\/2\\\" x 5-1\\/2\\\" Cameron 'U' Type VBRs (10,000psi)\r\nBOP Stack\r\nCameron Dual Shear \\/ Blind Rams (10,000psi) Cameron 5\\\" Fixed Rams (10,000psi)\r\nChoke and Kill Line Manifolds\r\n3-1\\/16ft x 10,000psi\r\nBOP Control Unit\r\nShaffer EX-6CRBX + 5k FXT HPU\r\nCement Unit\r\nHalliburton HCS 25D\r\nMud Logging Unit\r\nSchlumberger\r\nWell Testing Equipment\r\nNone\r\nElectric Wireline Equipment\r\nSchlumberger\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 11 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n2.3 Formation Tops\r\n98\\/11a-6 Lithostratigraphy\r\nPrognosed\r\nActual\r\nMD (m)\r\nTVDSS (m)\r\nMD (m)\r\nTVDSS (m)\r\nHi\\/Lo (m TVD) MD (m)\r\nMudline \\/ Tertiary\r\n57.0\r\n-18.0\r\n58.87\r\n-18.5\r\n-\r\nChalk\r\n76.0\r\n-37.0\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\nUpper Greensand\r\n533.0\r\n-494.0\r\n559.0\r\n-518.6\r\n24.6 Low\r\nGault Clay\r\n542.0\r\n-503.0\r\n568.0\r\n-527.6\r\n24.6 Low\r\nWealden\r\n595.0\r\n-556.0\r\n624.0\r\n-583.6\r\n27.6 Low\r\nPurbeck\r\n727.0\r\n-688.0\r\n735.0\r\n-694.6\r\n6.6 Low\r\nPortland Limestone\r\n769.0\r\n-730.0\r\n788.0\r\n-747.6\r\n17.6 Low\r\nKimmeridge Clay\r\n781.0\r\n-742.0\r\n797.0\r\n-756.5\r\n14.5 Low\r\nOsmington Oolite\r\n946.0\r\n-907.0\r\nOxford Clay\r\n974.0\r\n-935.0\r\n909.0\r\n-868.5\r\n66.5 High\r\nFault\r\n1019.0\r\n-980.0\r\n-\r\n-\r\nKellaways Beds\r\n1047.0\r\n-1008.0\r\n1050.0\r\n1009.4\r\n1.4 Low\r\nForest Marble\r\n1059.0\r\n-1020.0\r\n1083.0\r\n-1042.4\r\n22.4 Low\r\nFrome Clay\r\n1072.0\r\n-1033.0\r\n1093.0\r\n-1052.4\r\n19.4 Low\r\nFullers Earth\r\n1134.0\r\n-1095.0\r\n1160.0\r\n-1119.4\r\n24.4 Low\r\nInferior Oolite\r\n1199.0\r\n-1160.0\r\n1224.0\r\n-1183.4\r\n23.4 Low\r\nBridport Sand\r\n1204.0\r\n-1165.0\r\n1229.0\r\n-1188.4\r\n23.4 Low\r\nDowncliff Clay\r\n1274.0\r\n-1235.0\r\n1300.0\r\n-1259.4\r\n24.4 Low\r\nJunction Bed\r\n1394.0\r\n-1355.0\r\n1428.0\r\n-1387.4\r\n32.4 Low\r\nLower Lias\r\n1398.0\r\n-1359.0\r\n1432.0\r\n-1391.4\r\n32.4 Low\r\nPenarth Group\r\n1451.0\r\n-1412.0\r\n1487.0\r\n-1446.4\r\n34.4 Low\r\nMercia Mudstone\r\n1475.0\r\n-1436.0\r\n1534.0\r\n-1493.4\r\n57.4 Low\r\nFault\r\n1563.0\r\n-1524.0\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n1728.0\r\n-1689.0\r\n1810.0\r\n-1769.4\r\n80.4 Low\r\nWell TD\r\n1829.5\r\n-1790.5\r\n1870.0\r\n-1829.4\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 12 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\n98\\/11a-6z Lithostratigraphy\r\nPrognosed\r\nActual\r\nMD (m)\r\nTVDSS (m)\r\nMD (m)\r\nTVDSS (m)\r\nHi\\/Lo (m TVD) MD (m)\r\nKimmeridge Clay\r\n781.0\r\n-742.0\r\n797.0\r\n-756.5\r\n14.5 Low\r\nOxford Clay\r\n912.0\r\n-871.4\r\nSidetrack KO @ 950m\r\n-\r\nKellaways Beds\r\n1054.0\r\n-1012.0\r\n1051.0\r\n1010.3\r\n1.7 High\r\nForest Marble\r\n1086.0\r\n-1043.0\r\n1084.0\r\n-1043.2\r\n0.2 Low\r\nFrome Clay\r\n1097.0\r\n-1053.0\r\n1094.0\r\n-1053.1\r\n0.1 Low\r\nFullers Earth\r\n1164.0\r\n-1118.0\r\n1162.0\r\n-1120.2\r\n2.2 Low\r\nInferior Oolite\r\n-\r\n-\r\n1229.5\r\n-1185.3\r\nBridport Sand\r\n1243.0\r\n-1194.0\r\n1234.0\r\n-1189.3\r\n4.7 High\r\nDowncliff Clay\r\n1317.0\r\n-1266.0\r\n1309.0\r\n-1260.9\r\n5.1 High\r\nJunction Bed\r\n-\r\n-\r\n1419.0\r\n-1365.4\r\nLower Lias\r\n1455.0\r\n-1398.0\r\n1423.0\r\n-1369.2\r\n28.8 High\r\nPenarth Group\r\n1511.0\r\n-1452.0\r\n1478.5\r\n-1421.6\r\n30.4 High\r\nMercia Mudstone\r\n1559.0\r\n-1498.0\r\n1536.0\r\n-1475.5\r\n22.5 High\r\nFault\r\n1624.0\r\n-1560.0\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n1767.0\r\n-1700.0\r\n1863.0\r\n-1762.2\r\n62.2 Low\r\nOWC\r\n1808.0\r\n-1740.0\r\n-\r\n-\r\n-\r\nWell TD\r\n1860.0\r\n-1790.0\r\n1910.0\r\n-1799.4\r\n-\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 13 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n-\r\n-\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n2.4 Daily Operations Summary\r\nDate\r\nDays Since Spud\r\nDepth ft MDBRT\r\n24 Hour Summary (based on DDR from 00:00 - 24:00hrs)\r\n22\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nExited Wick 11\\/24b-4 500m zone at 10:00hrs and commenced tight tow to Colter 98\\/11-E location, 115nm made at 00:00.\r\n23\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nContinued tight tow to Colter 98\\/11-E well location, 245.5nm made at 00:00.\r\n24\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nContinued tight tow to Colter 98\\/11-E well location, 271nm made at 10:00. Jacked up, preloaded to 75% and WOW at Whitby. Pressure tested BOPs.\r\n25\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nWOW at Whitby standoff location. Pressure tested automatic IBOP. Skidded cantilever 18ft and pressure tested mud jumper hoses, standpipe manifold and mud pump valves.\r\n26\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nPressure tested mud jumper hoses, standpipe manifold and mud pump valves. Skidded cantilever inboard and secured same. WOW at Whitby standoff location.\r\n27\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nWOW at Whitby standoff location.\r\n28\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nWOW at Whitby standoff location.\r\n29\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nWOW at Whitby standoff location. Jacked down and commenced tow to Colter location. Distance made 79nm, Distance to go 365nm at 00:00.\r\n30\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nContinued tow to Colter location. Distance made 177nm, Distance to go 267nm.\r\n31\\/01\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nContinued tow to Colter location. Distance made 301nm, Distance to go 143nm.\r\n01\\/02\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nContinued tow to Colter location. Distance made 427nm, Distance to go 17nm.\r\n02\\/02\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nCompleted tow to Colter location and pinned rig. Jacked up to minimum air gap and commenced individual preload of legs.\r\n03\\/02\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nCompleted individual preloading of legs and jacked up to drilling air gap. Skidded out cantilever and transversed drilling package. Worked spud boat and commenced pre-spud preparations.\r\n04\\/02\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nLowered Texas deck to drilling position and installed access stairway. Worked spud boat and picked up drill pipe. Commenced pre-spud preparations. Waited on weather and availability for working boat. Worked spud boat, bringing on BHA components and 5\\\" DP. Picked up 5\\\" DP and HWDP and racked back same.\r\n05\\/02\\/19\r\n0\r\n0\r\nPicked up drill collars and worked spud boat. Performed boat transfer of rig and 3rd party personnel. Continued with pre-spud preparations (Mix PHB and kill mud).\r\n06\\/02\\/19\r\n0.57\r\n112\r\nContinued with pre-spud preparations (Mix PHB and kill mud). Made up 36\\\" drilling BHA and spudded well. Drilled 36\\\" hole to 112m\r\n07\\/02\\/19\r\n1.57\r\n120\r\nContinued to drill 36\\\" hole to section TD at 120m. Displaced hole to 10.0ppg kill weight mud and POOH to 5m below mudline. WOW for running 30\\\" conductor. Performed Check trip. POOH. R\\/U handling equipment and ran conductor to 104.1m. Installed tensioning equipment.\r\n08\\/02\\/19\r\n2.57\r\n120\r\nRough cut 30\\\" conductor. Rigged up and performed 30\\\" conductor cement job. WOW - High winds. Laid out 36\\\" BHA. Commenced installing diverter and overshot.\r\n09\\/02\\/19\r\n3.57\r\n120\r\nCompleted installation of diverter and overshot. Picked up 26\\\" cleanout BHA. Drilled out 30\\\" shoe and rat hole to 120m. Displaced well to 9.4ppg PHB mud system. POOH 26\\\" cleanout BHA. Commenced picking up 17 1\\/2\\\" drilling BHA.\r\n10\\/02\\/19\r\n4.57\r\n362\r\nPicked up 17 1\\/2\\\" drilling BHA. Commenced drilling 17 1\\/2\\\" hole from 120m to 362m\r\n11\\/02\\/19\r\n5.57\r\n536\r\nDisplaced well to 9.4ppg KCl- glycol polymer mud after drilling to 492m due increase in MW to 9.8ppg while drilling through chalk and rock flour generation. Continued drilling to 536m.\r\n12\\/02\\/19\r\n6.57\r\n743\r\nContinued drilling 17 1\\/2\\\" section to 743m.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 14 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n13\\/02\\/19\r\n7.57\r\n839\r\nReached 17 1\\/2\\\" section TD at 839m. Commenced hole cleaning.\r\n14\\/02\\/19\r\n8.57\r\n839\r\nCompleted circulating 17 1\\/2\\\" hole clean. Back-reamed 17 1\\/2\\\" Drilling BHA OOH to 492m. Circulated Clean. POOH 17 1\\/2\\\" Drilling BHA from 492m to surface. Rigged up and commenced running 13 3\\/8\\\" casing.\r\n15\\/02\\/19\r\n9.57\r\n839\r\nCompleted running 13 3\\/8\\\" casing and performed cement job. Functioned wash ports and spotted citric acid pill. Commenced draining riser to access surface hanger assembly.\r\n16\\/02\\/19\r\n10.57\r\n839\r\nDrained riser and diverter overshot, cut windows in 30\\\" conductor to access 13 3\\/8\\\" surface hanger anti rotation keys. Released anti rotation keys, backed out running tool and laid out. Rigged down diverter and riser overshot. Performed final conductor cut for wellhead installation. Installed 13 3\\/8\\\" wellhead and pressure tested. Installed 13 5%\\\" surface BOP stack.\r\n17\\/02\\/19\r\n11.57\r\n839\r\nPressure tested BOP. Installed wear bushing. Picked up 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA. Pressure tested 13 3\\/8\\\" casing to 2,500psi. Drilled out shoe track and 3m of new formation to 842m. Displaced well to 9.4ppg KCl Polymer WBM. Conditioned mud system and performed FIT to 11.6ppg equivalent. Commenced drilling 12 1\\/2\\\" hole section.\r\n18\\/02\\/19\r\n12.57\r\n1158\r\nDrilled 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section from 845m to 1,158m.\r\n19\\/02\\/19\r\n13.57\r\n1489\r\nDrilled 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section from 1,158m to 1,489m.\r\n20\\/02\\/19\r\n14.57\r\n1864\r\nDrilled 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section from 1,489m to 1,864m.\r\n21\\/02\\/19\r\n15.57\r\n1870\r\nDrill 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section from 1,864m to section TD at 1,870m. Circulate clean. POOH 12 1\\/4\\\" drilling BHA. Commenced wireline logging operations.\r\n22\\/02\\/19\r\n16.57\r\n1066\r\nContinue wireline logging operations, attempt to perform MDT run. POOH with E- line & rig down. Perform cleanout trip to 1066m and decision made to POOH due to deteriorating hole conditions. Backreamed OOH to shoe. Circulated hole clean and POOH to 52m.\r\n23\\/02\\/19\r\n17.57\r\n1737\r\nPOOH to surface and lay out excess BHA. RIH with 2 7\\/8\\\" cement stinger and set 210m abandonment plug at 1870m. POOH to 1737m at 00:00.\r\n24\\/02\\/19\r\n18.57\r\n1048\r\nContinue to POOH to 1390m. WOC. RIH and tag top of cement plug. POOH to 1048m and set kick off plug. POOH above cement and circulated clean. POOH with stinger.\r\n25\\/02\\/19\r\n19.57\r\n908\r\nPOOH and lay out cementing assembly. Picked up 12 1\\/4\\\" sidetrack BHA and RIH to 500m. Slipped and cut drill line and performed rig maintenance while WOC. Washed in hole and tagged TOC at 900m. Washed in hole to 908m. Displaced well to new 10ppg mud. Flowchecked. Took SCRs. Circulated and conditioned mud.\r\n26\\/02\\/19\r\n20.57\r\n1097\r\nCirculated and conditioned mud. Washed in hole to 923m and attempted to kick- off sidetrack. Commenced sidetrack to 98\\/11a-6z from 950m. Drilled ahead to 1097m.\r\n27\\/02\\/19\r\n21.57\r\n1122\r\nDrilled ahead to section TD at 1119m, circulated clean. POOH to shoe, perform check trip to TD. Drilled ahead to 1122m, circulated clean. Pumped OOH to shoe and circulated clean. POOH to 252m.\r\n28\\/02\\/19\r\n22.57\r\n1117\r\nPOOH to surface and laid out 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA. Rigged up and ran 9 5\\/8\\\" 47lb\\/ft L80 casing to 1117m.\r\n01\\/03\\/19\r\n23.57\r\n1118.05\r\nRIH with 9 5\\/8\\\" casing from 1117m to 1118.05m and landed off hangers on depth. Cemented 9 5\\/8\\\" casing. Rigged down cementing assembly. Set POS-GRIP wellhead system. Installed 9 5\\/8\\\" casing annular seal and pressure tested same to 3000psi. Ran wear bushing. Picked up and RIH with 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA to 500m. Tested MWD.\r\n02\\/03\\/19\r\n24.57\r\n1086\r\nRIH and tagged TOC at 1086m. Pressure tested casing to 2500psi. Drilled out shoe track and 3m of new formation. Displaced well to 9.4ppg mud. Performed unsuccessful FIT. POOH 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA. RIH with cement stinger.\r\n03\\/03\\/19\r\n25.57\r\n1117\r\nRIH with cement stinger to TD. Displaced well. Performed injectivity test. Pumped cement plug and perform squeeze. POOH and laid out stinger. RIH with 81\\/2\\\" drilling BHA. Circulated and conditioned mud while WOC. Washed in hole to 1117m. Pulled back to 1090m. Circulated and conditioned mud, serviced TDS and performed TDS drops inspection while WOC.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 15 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\n04\\/03\\/19\r\n26.57\r\n1125\r\nWOC. Washed in hole to 1117m. Cleaned out hole to 1125m. Performed FIT to 12.1ppge - unsuccessful. POOH 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA. Picked up and RIH with 2 7\\/8\\\" stinger assembly. Attempted injectivity test - unsuccessful. Performed FIT to 12.1ppge. POOH with stinger.\r\n05\\/03\\/19\r\n27.57\r\n1457\r\nPOOH and lay out stinger. RIH with 81\\/2\\\" drilling BHA. Displaced well to 9.4ppg mud. Drill ahead to 1457m.\r\n06\\/03\\/19\r\n28.57\r\n1785\r\nDrilled ahead from 1457m to 1785m, sliding as required.\r\n07\\/03\\/19\r\n29.57\r\n1910\r\nDrilled ahead to well TD at 1910m. Circulated hole clean, POOH and laid out 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA. RIH with cement stinger to 1293m.\r\n08\\/03\\/19\r\n30.57\r\n1613\r\nRIH to 1910m. Set abandonment cement plug from 1910m to 1613m. POOH above TOC. WOC. RIH and tag plug. POOH and lay out stinger. Picked up 9 5\\/8\\\" casing cutter. RIH and cut Casing at 620m. POOH.\r\n09\\/03\\/19\r\n31.57\r\n1613\r\nPOOH and laid out 9 5\\/8\\\" cutting assembly. Pulled wearbushing and annular seal. Rigged up 9 5\\/8\\\" casing equipment. Rigged down 9 5\\/8\\\" casing equipment. Ran wearbushing. Laid out excess drillpipe. Pulled wearbushing. RIH with casing spear, speared 9 5\\/8\\\" casing and confirmed free. POOH and racked back spear assembly. Ran wearbushing. Laid out excess drillpipe. Rigged up 9 5%\\\" casing equipment. Commenced POOH with 9 5\\/8\\\" casing.\r\n10\\/03\\/19\r\n32.57\r\n460\r\nPOOH with 9 5%\\\" casing from 620m to 95m. WOW. POOH with 9 5\\/8\\\" casing to surface. RIH with cement stinger to 615m. POOH to 610m and set abandonment cement plug #2.\r\n11\\/03\\/19\r\n33.57\r\n460\r\nSet abandonment cement plug #2. POOH to above cement. Circulated string clean. POOH and laid out stinger. RIH with cement contaminated pipe to 280m, dropped wiper ball and circulated clean. POOH. Laid out excess tubulars from derrick. RIH and tagged plug. Pressure tested plug. Displaced well to seawater. POOH and laid out excess drillpipe. Nippled down Diverter.\r\n12\\/03\\/19\r\n34.57\r\n0\r\nNippled down Diverter, BOP and Wellhead. RIH and attempted to recover 13 3\\/8\\\" casing without success. POOH. RIH and cut 13 3\\/8\\\" casing. POOH. Recovered 13 3\\/8\\\" casing. RIH and cut 30\\\" conductor. POOH. RIH and set environmental cement plug.\r\n13\\/03\\/19\r\n35.57\r\n0\r\nRIH and speared 30\\\" conductor. POOH and laid out conductor. Laid out remaining tubulars from derrick. Raised and secured Texas deck. Backloaded equipment and commenced rig move preparations.\r\n14\\/03\\/19\r\n36.57\r\n0\r\nContinued with rig move preparations.\r\n15\\/03\\/19\r\n37.57\r\n0\r\nContinued with rig move preparations.\r\n16\\/03\\/19\r\n38.57\r\n0\r\nWaited on favourable weather for rig move. Tow vessels arrived on location\r\n17\\/03\\/19\r\n39.57\r\n0\r\nWaited on favourable weather for rig move. Jacked down rig, performed water tight integrity tests. Connected tow vessels and commenced tight tow to Hartlepool Shipyard.\r\n18\\/03\\/19\r\n40.57\r\n0\r\nContinued tight tow to Able Seaton Port Hartlepool. Distance made 155.6nm, distance to go 351.4nm, average speed 6.5knts.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 16 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n3 Section Reviews\r\n3.1 Rig Move and Preparation for Drilling\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n7.43\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nActual time (days)\r\n15.01\r\nActual depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nNPT (days)\r\n5.68\r\nLost time events\r\n. 126.75 hrs - WOW - Sea state above limits for towing rig, waited at Whitby standoff location.\r\n. 9.5 hrs - WOW - Unable to work vessel for BHA components.\r\n. The AFE planned rig move time was 3.3 days, this was an arbitrary figure based on the rig mobilising from a location such as Hartlepool. An accurate estimate of rig move time could not be made when the planned timings were constructed as the MODU and point of origin had not been confirmed. The actual rig move time from the Wick well location without NPT was 5.41 days.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n. Rig moved 688nm from the Wick well location to the Colter well location without incident.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Rig move interrupted by poor weather conditions.\r\n. Poor helicopter support resulted in 3rd party personnel not being on board as early as planned.\r\nThe Ensco 72 was on a continuing contract to Corallian Energy Ltd which had commenced when the rig mobilised for the Wick well at 00:00hrs on 19\\/12\\/18 with departure from the Tees Fairway Buoy. The Ensco 72 completed operations on Wick and commenced tight tow to the Colter well location at 10:00hrs on the 22\\/01\\/19. The 688 nautical mile tow was undertaken by 2 vessels; the En Avant 3, and the Union Lynx, at an average speed of 5.3knots.\r\nThe tow had to be completed in two stages due to weather conditions\\/sea state; in the first stage 244nm were completed before the weather deteriorated and the rig stopped at a standoff location off Whitby. The weather\\/sea state caused a 5.28 day delay before the tow recommenced for a further 444nm to the Colter well location. The Ensco 72 arrived at the Colter location at 02:30hrs on 02\\/02\\/19 and pinned legs at 06:30hrs on 02\\/02\\/19. It was then jacked up and the legs preloaded individually due to the lack of a geotechnical borehole at the rig's location.\r\nOnce preloading was complete the rig was jacked up to a 21.6m air gap, the cantilever skidded out, tubulars picked up and preparations for drilling commenced. Mobilisation of 3rd party personnel was delayed 24hrs due to CHC helicopter cancellations when flying from Southampton. It should also be noted that the Ensco crew change was delayed 4 days due to CHC helicopter cancellations from both Norwich and Southampton. Crew and 3rd party crew changes were eventually performed by boat and FROG personnel basket transfer from Poole harbour due to the poor availability of helicopters. CHC have a helicopter base in Norwich, however it was not possible to fly directly to the rig from there due to payload and fuel limitations. The plan was to have all crew mobilise to Southampton airport for onward travel\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 17 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nout to the rig. CHC sub-contracted Signature Air to provide security and helicopter flight preparation services along with a CHC representative from the Southampton base. The helicopter could then be fuelled and routed to the rig from the Southampton remote base. Due to the nature of the helicopter having three points on its journey (from Norwich to Southampton then Southampton to the rig and return), various factors precluded the provision of several flights and personnel logistics was a sustained challenge throughout the project.\r\nWith 3rd party personnel on board preparations for drilling were completed, however weather conditions deteriorated while working the supply vessel Norsea Fighter offloading spud equipment, resulting in 9.5hrs of NPT.\r\n3.2 Drill 36\\\" Hole\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n0.74\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n120.00\r\nActual time (days)\r\n0.99\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n120.00\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n. ILT - Poor bentonite delivery from bulk system resulted in slow spud mud mix rate.\r\n. ILT - Delayed programming of MWD tools. MWD programming tools left on vessel due to SLB personnel requesting incorrect containers for offload and failing to check equipment in a timely manner. Unable to unload equipment from vessel once identified due to poor weather conditions. Occurred concurrently with bentonite bulk issue hence not NPT.\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Drill a gauge vertical 36\\\" hole to 120m to accommodate the 30\\\" conductor\r\n· Maintain verticality\r\n· Displace well to 10.0ppg spud mud prior to POOH\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Hole verticality was maintained throughout the run with a final inclination of 0.38° being recorded\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Severe vibration and loss of ROP encountered while flowing at maximum drilling flow rate 1,200gpm.\r\n· Bentonite bulk system delivery poor causing delays in building sweeps\\/spud mud.\r\n· MWD tools not programmed in a time efficient manner. Programming tools left on supply vessel due to Schlumberger personnel requesting incorrect containers. Unable to work supply vessel due to weather once correct container identified.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 18 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nBHA #1:\r\n36\\\" Milled Tooth bit Varel ER1G, X\\/O, XO, 9 5\\/8\\\" Motor - 7-8 Lobe, 0° Bend, 36\\\" Stabiliser, NM X\\/O, MWD Telescope 900, NM X\\/O, 36\\\" Stabiliser, 9 1\\/2\\\" NMDC, X\\/O, 2 x 8\\\" DC, X\\/O, 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #1: 1-1-WT-A-E-IN-NO-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n3-17 klbs\r\n450-1,200gpm\r\n360-1,610psi\r\n30- 40 \\/ (150 DH rpm)\r\n4-8klftlbs\r\nPick up 36\\\" BHA\r\nThe 36\\\" BHA was designed primarily as a packed hole assembly to maintain verticality throughout the top hole section and contained an MWD to provide Gamma Ray, Directional and Inclination data. The BHA consisted of:\r\n. A Varel ER1G Mill Tooth bit, IADC 115.\r\n· A Schlumberger A962M7848GT 9 5\\/8\\\" low speed positive displacement motor (PDM) with a 7-8 lobe configuration, selected for improved performance over surface rotation alone. The motor bend was set to zero and the PDM was fitted with a 17 1\\/4\\\" sleeve stabiliser in preparation for use in the following hole section. A non-ported float valve was installed to provide protection against shallow gas.\r\n· A Schlumberger Telescope 900 MWD, providing Gamma Ray sensors 20.80m from the bit and Direction and Inclination for directional control 21.44m from the bit.\r\n. Two 36\\\" string stabilisers, one either side of the MWD tool, completed the packed hole set up of the assembly.\r\nBHA#1 was picked up and run BRT at 06:30hrs on 06\\/02\\/19. The 36\\\" drilling assembly was function tested and RIH. The seabed was tagged at 58.87m, 1.37m deeper than anticipated, the rig air gap and rotary table elevation were reconfirmed. An ROV check confirmed that the water depth at well centre was ~19.87m, approximately 1m deeper than expected.\r\nWell 98\\/11a-6 spudded at 10:10am on 06\\/02\\/2019, drilling with reduced parameters of 450gpm, 230psi, 50rpm (motor), 5klbs WOB and 0.95m\\/hr ROP. A check shot was taken at 61m and showed an inclination of 0.36°. Drilling continued from 61m to 76.8m with 500- 700gpm, 360-620psi, 55-75 rpm (motor) 5klbs WOB and 2.6 m\\/hr ROP. The lower 36\\\" string stabiliser was observed to hang up at the seabed when entering the hole, a half turn rotation was applied at surface and the stabiliser was run below the seabed without further issue. Parameters were staged up to 1,000-1,200gpm, 1,060-1,610psi, 10klbs WOB, 30-40 rpm, 4- 8 kft\\/lbs torque and 5.9m\\/hr ROP once the lower 36\\\" string stabiliser passed below seabed. After staging up parameters the flow rate was reduced from 1,200 gpm to 1,060 gpm due to severe surface vibration and reduced ROP experienced at the higher rate.\r\nDrilling continued from 112m to 114.5m with 1,000gpm, 1,100psi, 10klbs WOB, 30 rpm and 4-8 kft\\/lbs torque until 15klbs set down weight was observed while attempting to make a connection at 112m. A single was worked over the interval several times and an additional 50bbl pre-hydrated bentonite (PHB) sweep was pumped. The set down weight continued to be observed with pumps off when attempting to make a connection so the string was set high in the rotary table and the connection made with manual tongs.\r\nNote: while inspecting the top-drive at a connection, it was observed that the control line from the 'make' side of the pipe handler had snapped at its connecting nipple and was hanging free. The control line was secured and noted for repair off the critical path as it was not being\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 19 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nused in the current operations. Further inspection identified that the elevator balancing strap clamp had vibrated loose and was close to falling off the bail arm, as a precaution the clamp was removed from the bail arm before continuing.\r\nDrilling was briefly paused at 114.5m as the sea state had deteriorated beyond the limits of the ROV which was providing shallow gas monitoring with its sonar (camera visibility 0.5m) in tandem with an observer on the rig. While the ROV was recovered discussions were held with onshore support regarding drilling the final 5.5m to section TD with only the rig-based observer providing bubble watch. Having confirmed that drilling without the ROV did not contradict the FWM management system guidelines or the drilling programme the well was drilled from 116m section TD at 120m with 1,000gpm, 1,255psi, 10klbs WOB, 30rpm, 4-8 kft\\/lbs torque and 4.4m\\/hr. From 114.5m to 120m increased vibration at surface and erratic torque, but inside the previous torque range, were observed. The erratic torque possibly indicated the presence of a harder formation within the chalk such as chert or potentially boulders which had been reported on offset wells.\r\nA survey was taken at TD before pumping a 100bbl pre-hydrated bentonite (PHB) sweep at 1,000gpm, 850psi, 30rpm and 1-3 kft\\/lbs torque and displacing hole with 390bbl of 10.0ppg kill weight mud at 1,130gpm, 1,100psi, 30rpm and 1-2 kft\\/lbs torque. The string was pumped OOH from 120m to 64m with 10.0ppg kill weight mud at 150gpm, 40psi.\r\nThe weather forecast indicated that running conductor would not be possible for the following 12hrs. With the bit at 64m the string was secured at the Texas deck with BB winches with the plan to periodically perform check trips while waiting on weather. An updated weather forecast was received indicating that a potential weather window suitable for running conductor had appeared. A check trip was performed from 64m to TD with no restrictions observed and the BHA was pumped OOH. On inspection of BHA at surface all stabs were in gauge and bit in good condition graded 1-1-WT-A-E-IN-NO-TD.\r\n3.3 Run and Cement 30\\\" Conductor\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n1.23\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n117.00\r\nActual time (days)\r\n1.65\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n104.10\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.35\r\nLost time events\r\n. 1.75 hrs - WOW to proceed with conductor running operations.\r\n. 0.75hrs - Unable to break anti rotation keys on one joint\r\n· 3.0hrs - Conductor hung up at 100m\r\n· 3.0hrs - WOW - High winds prevented crane operations while clearing rig floor\r\nObjectives:\r\n. Run and cement the 30\\\" Conductor at a depth of 115m\r\n· Isolate unconsolidated formations\r\n. Achieve a successful cement job to provide the required structural support to the conductor and subsequent casing string\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 20 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· No remedial cementing was required\r\n. 9m radius of cement surrounding conductor observed with ROV post job\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. Could not get conductor to bottom - shoe set at 104.1m\r\n. Inconsistent bulk cement delivery to steady flow bin\r\n. ROV unable to hold station to observe C-dye\r\n30\\\" Conductor\r\nThe handling equipment for the 30\\\" conductor was rigged up on the rig floor and the float shoe joint was made up and function tested successfully. Above this a further 8 regular 30\\\" joints were run. Four locking tabs were engaged between the float joint and the first regular joint and 2 locking tabs were engaged between all subsequent joints with the exception of the landing string which had none engaged.\r\nThe running of the conductor in hole proceeded smoothly with joints being filled with seawater from 40m. A slight hang up was observed as the shoe entered the seabed at 58.9m which was corrected with a quarter rotation from surface allowing casing to be run to 85m without further issue.\r\nThe anti-rotation keys on the connection between joints 7 & 8 were unable to be broken requiring the welder to extend the slot to allow correct functioning of the anti-rotation keys. The 30\\\" conductor continued to be run from 85m to 100m without issue.\r\nAt 100m 10-20klbs drag was observed. The string was reciprocated and gradually worked in hole to 109m. During this time the set down weight was staged up to full string weight of 100klbs (180klbs Weight Indicator) where up to 620klbs of overpull was initially observed when pulling the string free. Eventually the string was able to reciprocate without drag to above the hold-up point. The draworks clutch was observed to slip at times when applying pulls over 600klbs.\r\nFollowing discussions with onshore support and confirmation of space out compatibility for the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing, it was decided to set the conductor shoe at a depth of 104.1m. The string was then pulled back and the Texas deck gratings reinstalled around the conductor which had been removed to prevent damage during drilling and conductor running operations.\r\nThe Aquaterra tension ring was installed onto the conductor and the tensioning system rigged up without issue. Pressure was applied to the tensioning system to take the weight of the conductor prior to performing the rough cut. The calculated pressure of 42bar required to take the conductor weight was applied and the conductor was observed to lift ~8cm at the rotary table. The system pressure was reduced to 24bar, returning the conductor to the correct space-out position, the weight on the elevators was slacked off and the tensioning system was observed to be holding the conductor steady. No increase in pressure was noted at the tensioning system control panel. The tensioning system was locked in with 24bar applied, equivalent to 30mt.\r\nWith the tensioning system holding the conductor, the rig welder performed a rough cut of the conductor 1.83m above the Texas deck (13.49m BRT) as per programme and the cut stump\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 21 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nwas recovered to the rig floor and laid out. The 30\\\" handling equipment was rigged down and 5\\\" drill pipe handing equipment rigged up for the inner string cement job.\r\n30\\\" Conductor\r\nConnection\r\n30\\\" Shoe Depth\r\n36\\\" Hole TD\r\nBurst \\/ Collapse \\/ Yield\r\nWeight: 310 lbs\\/ft Grade: X56\r\nRL4\r\n104.1m MDBRT\r\n120.0m MDBRT\r\n3,270psi \\/ 1,680psi \\/ 4,600klbs\r\nCement 30\\\" Conductor\r\nThe stab-in cement stinger had been made up to a single of 5\\\" drill pipe c\\/w 2 x 28\\\" bow spring centralisers off the critical path and was picked up ready to run. The cement stinger assembly was RIH and spaced out with pup joints prior to picking up the pre-made cementing stand. Surface lines were made up and pressure tested before 5bbls of seawater was circulated through the inner string to flush and debris away from the stab in shoe. The inner string was stabbed into the shoe at 103.1m applying 20klbs set down weight.\r\nThe conductor was top-filled with sea water from a fire hose at the Texas deck while monitoring the tension system. The conductor was observed to not be filling and the fluid level could not be brought within visual range. The inner string was unstabbed and re-stabbed with 20klbs set down weight. A second fire hose was rigged up to decrease the fill up time and the conductor filled to the top at the Texas deck where a static fluid level was observed with the fire hoses off.\r\nThe rig pumps were then lined up to the cement stinger and 110bbls of seawater was circulated with 240gpm and 50psi. The annular fluid level was observed to be static and no change in tension was noted on the conductor tensioning system. The cement unit was lined up and a 50bbl seawater spacer treated with C Dye was pumped at a rate of 6bpm, 225psi.\r\nA 16ppg class G cement slurry was pumped at a rate of 3bpm. The slurry density remained consistent at 16ppg for the first 130bbls before the silos were switched over and the bulk delivery to the steady flow bin began to decrease. The pump rate was reduced in an attempt to maintain a stable slurry density and re-establish a steady supply of bulk cement to the steady flow bin. The slurry density remained in the range of 13.0ppg - 17.0ppg. After pumping 210bbls, pumping was paused due to insufficient cement supply to the steady flow bin to allow simultaneous mixing and pumping with a stable slurry density. After allowing the slurry density to stabilise and the bulk system to supply sufficient cement to the steady flow bin pumping recommenced. The cement silos were changed over once again after 300bbls pumped, however bulk delivery remained poor.\r\nAfter pumping 320bbls of cement slurry Well Life fibres were added to the mix for the final 50bbls; the WellLife fibres were added to reduce the potential for cement blocks falling in and packing off during drill out of the 30\\\" shoe. The addition of WellLife-734 fibres caused the pump pressure to fluctuate. A total volume of 370bbls of cement slurry was pumped (200% excess over hole volume).\r\nThe cement was displaced with 6.5bbls of seawater at 5bpm, 375psi before the cement unit was opened up to the string to check for backflow. None was observed and the string was un- stabbed from the 30\\\" shoe; with no backflow observed. A wiper ball was displaced down the cementing string to clean out any residual cement and the string pulled out of hole. Post cementing inspection with the ROV showed good cement to seabed all around the conductor.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 22 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nInstall 30\\\" Low Pressure Riser and Diverter\r\nFollowing the 30\\\" conductor cement job the Ensco rig welder dressed and bevelled the rough cut of the 30\\\" conductor at the Texas deck with a grinder. While waiting on cement the excess 36\\\" BHA was laid out and a 0.78º bend set on the motor in preparation for use in the 17 1\\/2\\\" section.\r\nWith the 36\\\" BHA laid out the Ensco diverter and overshot were installed c\\/w new lip seals and the overshot seal activated, and assembly integrity tested with seawater. Two stands of HWDP were run in hole and the diverter insert packer installed before the diverter was function and sequence tested.\r\nConcurrently to these operations mud pump liners were being changed out from 6 1\\/2\\\" to 6\\\". A seabed survey was also conducted by the ROV during this time indicating a 9m radius of cement was surrounding the 30\\\" conductor at the seabed.\r\n3.4 Perform 26\\\" Cleanout run\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n0.00\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n120.00\r\nActual time (days)\r\n0.86\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n120.00\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n. None - Note that the dedicated 26\\\" clean out run was not part of the AFE timings but was added during detailed planning for operational reasons.\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Drill out 30\\\" shoetrack and cleanout rathole with 26\\\" drilling assembly\r\n. Displace well to 9.4ppg pre-hydrated bentonite WBM\r\nWhat went well:\r\n. Drilled out float equipment and extended rat hole cleanly with no signs of cement blocks or packing off.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. Due to the revised shoe depth 16m of cement had to be drilled.\r\nBHA #2:\r\n26\\\" Milled Tooth Bit Varel ER1GJMRS, 25 3\\/4\\\" NB Stabiliser c\\/w non-ported float, 9.1\\/2\\\" Pony DC, XO, 6 x 8\\\" DC, XO, 6 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #2: 1-1-WT-A-E-IN-NO-BHA\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 23 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n5-20klbs\r\n830-1015gpm\r\n850-1200psi\r\n40-60\r\n1-2kftlbs\r\nPick up 26\\\" BHA, RIH, drill out 30\\\" shoe and displace well to PHB WBM\r\nThe 26\\\" BHA was designed as a dedicated 30\\\" cleanout assembly and consisted only of 'dumb iron' with no MWD tools. A dedicated cleanout BHA was utilised, rather than drilling out with a smaller 17 1\\/2\\\" BHA, in order to clean-out as much cement as possible from the rathole and to minimise the risk of cement blocks causing hole problems. The 26\\\" cleanout BHA was picked up and RIH with 2 stands of DC to 62m and to 90m on 5\\\" HWDP before picking up a 5\\\" drill pipe single to space out connections and RIH to 99m.\r\nFrom 99m, the BHA was washed in hole with seawater at 100gpm and 40psi before tagging the 30\\\" conductor shoe at 103m with 10klbs. The 30\\\" conductor shoe was drilled out from 103m to 104.5m with 830-860gpm, 850-870psi, 40-60rpm, 1-2kftlbs torque and 5-10klbs WOB. While drilling this interval erratic WOB was observed followed by an increase in ROP. After passing through the shoe hard cement was drilled in the 36\\\" rathole without issue from 104.5m to 120m with 930-1014gpm, 1006-1200psi, 40-70rpm, 1-2 kftlbs torque and 10-20klbs WOB. A 50bbl Hi-Vis sweep was circulated on reaching 120m.\r\nTwo passes were made through the shoe without pumps to ensure it was clear of restrictions before the well was flow checked. The well was displaced from seawater to 9.4ppg PHB WBM with 1030gpm, 940psi, 20rpm and 1 kftlbs torque. A second flow check was performed, and the 26\\\" assembly POOH and laid out.\r\nAt surface the bit was given a grading of 1-1-WT-A-E-IN-NO-TD having completed the run in a total of 6.5 on bottom hours and an average ROP of 2.6m\\/hr.\r\n3.5 Drill 17 1\\/2\\\" Hole\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n4.15\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n855.00\r\nActual time (days)\r\n4.78\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n839.00\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.06\r\nLost time events\r\n1.5hrs - Build up of sticky clay\\/limestone cuttings required clearing from flowline •\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Drill a gauge vertical hole to accommodate the 133\\/8\\\" casing\r\n. Isolate the potentially reactive Gault Clay, Wealden, Purbeck and Portland\r\n. Set the shoe in the Kimmeridge Clay formation\r\n. Achieve a successful cement job to provide wellbore integrity to drill to planned TD in 12 1\\/4\\\" hole\r\nWhat went well:\r\n. TD and directional objectives achieved\r\n· ROP's throughout in line with offset wells, good bit \\/ BHA performance.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 24 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. 1.5 hrs NPT caused by build-up of sticky clay\\/limestone in the flowline\r\n. Some BHA components partially balled up on return to surface\r\nBHA #3:\r\n17 1\\/2\\\" TCI Bit Varel ESOV4, 9 5\\/8\\\" Motor 7-8 Lobe 0.78° Bend c\\/w non ported float, 17 1\\/4\\\" NM Stabiliser, NM X\\/O, Telescope 900 MWD, NM X\\/O, 17 1\\/4\\\" NM Stabiliser, 9 1\\/2\\\" NMDC, 9 1\\/2\\\" DAV MX Catcher Sub, 9 1\\/2\\\" DAV MX Circ. Sub, X\\/O, 2 x 8 1\\/4\\\" DC, Jar, 2 x 8 1\\/4\\\" DC, Accelerator, 3 x 8 1\\/4\\\" DC, X\\/O, 12 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #3: 1-2-CT-G-F-IN-NO-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n10-42klbs\r\n790-1050gpm\r\n1580-2150psi\r\n90-100\r\n2-5 kftlbs\r\nThe 17 1\\/2\\\" BHA was designed primarily as a packed hole assembly to maintain verticality throughout the section and consisted of:\r\n· A Varel ES04V 17 1\\/2\\\" TCI bit, IADC 415, selected based on the performance in close offset wells of similar IADC 415 bits.\r\n· A Schlumberger A962M7848GT 9 5%\\\" low speed positive displacement motor (PDM) with a 7-8 lobe configuration, selected for improved performance over surface rotation alone. A 0.78º bend was set on the PDM to allow directional corrections back to vertical if required. The PDM was fitted with a 17 1\\/4\\\" sleeve stabiliser as part of the packed hole design and a non-ported float valve installed as a protection against shallow gas.\r\n· A Schlumberger Telescope 900 MWD, providing Gamma Ray 16.88m from the bit and Direction and Inclination for directional control 17.53m from the bit.\r\n. Two non-mag 17 1\\/4\\\" string stabilisers, one either side of the MWD tool, completing the packed hole set up of the assembly.\r\nThe 17 1\\/2\\\" drilling BHA was picked up and an MWD shallow hole test attempted with 700gpm during which time losses were observed across the shakers caused by thickly gelled mud blinding the upper screens. The flow rate was reduced to 250gpm and gradually staged back up to 700gpm as thick gels in the returns reduced. Once at 700gpm, the MWD shallow hole test was performed with no further issues and the BHA was washed in hole with 800gpm to tag bottom at 120m.\r\nDrilling commenced in the Cretaceous Chalk formation with the 9.4ppg pre-hydrated bentonite (PHB) mud system. WOB was restricted to 10klbs until the upper string stabiliser was clear of the 30\\\" conductor shoe, after which WOB was maintained around 25klbs. ROP had to be reduced over a 2-hour period and flow rate restricted to 780gpm due to build-up of solids in the flow line. The mud weight was observed to gradually increase from 9.4ppg to 9.8ppg due to the generation of rock flour in the chalk returns. From 289m a dump and dilute of 120bbls was implemented on connections in order to maintain the mud weight below 9.8ppg. An average ROP of 11.5m\\/hr was achieved through the chalk section.\r\nAt 492m the 9.8ppg PHB mud system was displaced to 9.4ppg KCI in preparation for entering the Upper Greensand and Gault Clay. The respective formation tops were picked on GR and cuttings at 559m and 568m respectively. Drilling continued through the Gault clay at 10m\\/hr\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 25 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nwith 1,00gpm, 2,00psi, 80-100rpm, 3-5kft.lbs torque and 10-40klbs WOB. The Wealden formation top was picked on GR at 624m and drilling continued with consistent parameters to 669m.\r\nAt 669m a low suction issue was experienced with the mud pumps; aerated returns into pit #3 were causing air to be drawn into the suction side of the mud pumps. The active pit was switched over from pit #3 to pit #5 which was a larger pit with a different suction line arrangement. The change in pits resolved the low suction issue and drilling resumed from 669m at a rate of 11m\\/hr to 735m where the Purbeck Limestone was picked on GR and cuttings followed by the Portland Limestone formation picked on GR at 788m.\r\nThe Purbeck and Portland Limestone were relatively hard and drilled at a rate of 4m\\/hr from 743m to 795m, parameters were varied and WOB increased to maximise ROP; parameter range: 800-1,070gpm, 1,580-2,200psi, 80-100rpm, 3-5kft.lbs torque and 35-42klbs WOB.\r\nA build-up of sticky clay\\/limestone cuttings in the flowline resulted in the flowline becoming blocked, 1.5hrs of NPT were incurred while clearing\\/jetting the flowline clean. Drilling resumed from 795m to section TD of 839m at 6-7m\\/hr with the top of the Kimmeridge Clay formation picked at 797m. The revised section TD of 839m was based on the potential presence of a geological fault at ~845m, and the potential for losses to the fault zone while cementing resulting in a poor cement job and the possibility of not achieving the required FIT for the next section.\r\nThe hole was circulated clean with 1, 100gpm, 2,400psi, 70-100rpm and 1kft.lbs torque while reciprocating the string between 838m and 812m. After performing an on-bottom section TD MWD survey and carrying out a flow check the drilling BHA was POOH on elevators. At 743m a 15klbs overpull was observed, several passes on elevators were made before the restriction was cleaned up. A further 20klbs of overpull was observed at 727m, attempts were made to wipe of the area on elevators without success and back-reaming was required to 608m before continuing to POOH on elevators to 492m. The hole was then circulated clean with 1,078gpm, 2,205psi, 30rpm and 1kft.lbs torque while reciprocating pipe between 492m and 463m, significant volumes of fines were observed at the shakers. A flow check was performed and the well observed to be static.\r\nPrior to POOH to the 30\\\" conductor shoe a 25bbl slug was pumped to allow the pipe to be pulled dry. A further flow check was performed at the 30\\\" shoe before POOH with the 17 1\\/2\\\" drilling BHA to surface. On inspection of the BHA at surface, cuttings\\/formation build up was observed on both the stabilisers and the bit. The bit was graded 1-2-CT-G-F-IN-NO-TD. The cutting structure of the bit had returned in good condition with a few chipped teeth (CT) on the gauge section. The cones were able to spin freely indicating that the bearing seals were no longer effective. The bit reached 90% of its suggested maximum total energy limitation having completed the section in a total of 71 'on bottom' hours with an average ROP of 10m\\/hr.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 26 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n3.6 Run and Cement 133\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n1.50\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n850.00\r\nActual time (days)\r\n1.65\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n835.20\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.01\r\nLost time events\r\n. 0.33 hrs - Poor Silicalite delivery to the cement unit due to blockage at tote tank required pumping to be paused while blockage was cleared.\r\n. ILT - Casing string stood up at 828m and had to be washed\\/worked in hole over the final 8m.\r\nObjectives:\r\n. Run and set 13 3\\/8\\\" casing at 839m in the Kimmeridge Clay formation\r\n. Achieve a successful cement job to provide wellbore integrity to drill to planned TD in 12 1\\/4\\\" hole.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Casing run was efficient and without incident.\r\n· Cement job performed without downhole losses.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. Poor Silicalite delivery to the cement unit due to blockage in tote tank.\r\n· Casing had to be washed\\/worked to TD.\r\n· Large volumes of cement returns at surface.\r\n· Opening the wash ports with the rig up used took considerable time.\r\nRun 13 3\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nWeight\r\n68 lbs\\/ft\r\nGrade\r\nL80\r\nConnection\r\nVAM TOP\r\nBurst\r\n5,020psi\r\nCollapse\r\n2,260psi\r\nYield\r\n1,556klbs\r\nShoe Type\r\nRubicon Top-Co Type 966 Single Float Eccentric Nose, 13 3\\/8\\\", 68lbs\\/ft, L80 VAM TOP\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 27 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nShoe Depth\r\n835.2m mdbrt\r\nSection TD\r\n839m mdbrt\r\nFloat Collar\r\nDown Hole Products Float Collar, 13 3\\/8\\\", 68lbs\\/ft, L80 VAM TOP\r\nCentraliser Type\r\nRubicon Single Piece Type 390 Bow Spring\r\nInterval\r\nCentraliser\\/jt\r\n#Joints\r\nTotal Centralisers\r\nCentraliser Programme\r\n835m - 798m\r\n2\r\n3\r\n6\r\n798 m - 116m\r\n0.5\r\n54\r\n27\r\n116 m - 0m\r\n0\r\n0\r\n0\r\nRun 13 3\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nThe main string of 13 3\\/8\\\" 68lb, L80 casing was run using the GE Baker Hughes Fill & Circulate (FAC) system, with hydraulic spider elevators and Flush Mounted Slips (FMS). The shoe track was run using manual side door elevators and FMS on low weight setting. The shoe joint was picked up from the catwalk into the V-door using single joint elevators where it was top filled with a fire hose to check the float shoe was opening for circulation. The shoe joint was then tailed in using the crane and a tugger and latched with manual side door elevators.\r\nThe shoe joint was run below the rotary table where the float function was confirmed. The intermediate joint was picked up and tailed in on the crane before the float joint was picked up and tested in the same manner as the shoe joint; all connections in the shoe track were made up to 25,450ft.lbs and Baker locked.\r\nRegular casing joints were laid on the catwalk before being picked up to the V-door using single joint pick up elevators on the tugger and a catwalk stop. The 13 3\\/8\\\" casing was made up to 23, 150ft.lbs optimum torque and top filled on the way in. Circulation was broken inside the 30\\\" conductor shoe with 255gpm and 152psi.\r\nCasing running continued in hole with minimal resistance to 766m with each joint being filled with active mud while RIH. The Plexus\\/FMC Tersus mudline hanger was then picked up. The FMS and diverter insert packer were removed and the master bushings, slip bowls and manual casing spider installed. The mudline hanger was lowered to a workable height above the rotary table and an attempt made to break it out a half turn to the right with chain tongs. After several unsuccessful attempts with two 48\\\" chain tongs and four men the casing power tong was re- rigged and the hanger broken out half a turn to the right before being made back up a halfturn to the left with chain tongs. The slip bowls and master bushings were removed to allow the mudline hanger to pass through the rotary table.\r\nThe mudline hanger continued to be RIH with manual casing spiders on the preselected 'PX' marked mudline hanger space-out joints. The surface hanger assembly was picked up and the orientation of the anti-rotation keys noted in preparation for cutting access windows in the top of the 30\\\" conductor after cementing was completed. As the surface hanger was RIH 30klbs drag was observed as the string progressed towards 828m. An 8m landing joint complete with 72lb coupling to allow cement head installation was made up to 23, 150ft.lbs. The string was observed to stand up at 828m, the FAC tool was engaged and circulation was staged up gradually to wash and clear the obstruction from 828m to 835m with 183-233gpm, 147-210psi. The mudline hanger landed off on the 30\\\" butt weld sub at 63.2m with no\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 28 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nmovement observed in the conductor or change in conductor tensioning system pressure, indicating that the 30\\\" conductor cement job was adequate for well construction.\r\nThe 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe was positioned at 835.16m with a 1.57m stick up at rotary. The cement head was installed on the landing joint and made up to 23, 150ft.lbs before circulating 2 x bottoms up circulations with 250gpm and 170-198psi.\r\nCement 13 3\\/8\\\" Casing\r\n110bbls of 11.5ppg Tuned E+ spacer was pumped with the mud pumps before releasing the bottom wiper plug from the 13 3\\/8\\\" cement head. 13.5ppg class G lead cement slurry was pumped at a rate of 3.5bpm. After pumping 400bls the cement job was shut down for 20mins due to a blockage from the Silicalite tote tank to the Liquid Additive System (LAS). The issue was investigated and a build-up of Silicalite sediment was discovered blocking the bottom valve of the tank, the cause of the sediment settlement was unknown. After clearing the blockage mixing and pumping resumed, the bottom wiper plug was observed to land and shear after 418bbls pumped. A total of 487bbls of 13.5ppg lead slurry was pumped at 200-300psi, 3.5-4bpm.\r\nWhile mixing the 16.0ppg tail slurry the transfer of bulk cement to the cement unit became quite poor as on the previous cement jobs. To counter the low bulk transfer rate the pump rate was restricted to 3-4.5bpm instead of the planned 6bpm, this allowed time for sufficient bulk cement to be transferred to the cement unit to maintain a steady 16.0ppg slurry. A total of 114bbls of 16ppg tail slurry were mixed and pumped, the top wiper plug was dropped before clearing the cement lines from the unit to the floor with 2bbls of drill water and 20bbls of 11.5ppg spacer. The aim of dropping the top wiper plug before clearing the cement lines of cement was to ensure cement contact with the wiper plug in an effort to stop the plugs spinning during drill out as occurred during the previous Wick well.\r\nThe cement was displaced with 9.8ppg WBM at 250gpm, 65psi rising to 700psi. The pump rate was reduced after 370bbls of displacement, 10bbls before the calculated plug bump. The plug bumped after 380bbls of displacement exactly on calculated strokes with 95% pump efficiency, final circulating pressure was 720psi. Spacer and neat cement returns were observed in the flowline after pumping 227bbls and 263bbls respectively. The calculated hole size from the volume of returns observed was ~18 1\\/8\\\". Following plug bump the pressure was increased to 2,500psi and held for 5mins. The pressure was bled off to the trip tank taking 2.5bbls of returns before stopping indicating that the floats were holding. Once the floats were confirmed the cement head and surface lines were rigged down.\r\nFlush wash ports\r\nAn additional 13 3\\/8\\\" casing pup joint was picked up and made up to the landing joint to provide sufficient space to engage the casing tong without the tong contacting the elevators. Using FAC tool spider elevators 14klbs tension was applied to the string, equivalent to string weight from surface to the mudline hanger. After offering up the casing tong it was identified that there was interference with the FAC single joint elevators and slings. The elevators were removed and, using the man rider, the slings secured back to the drilling bail arms allowing clearance for the tong. While man riding the spider elevator control lines were also disconnected allowing the topdrive to be rotated while backing out the mudline hanger. The casing tong was clamped onto the string and an attempt made to rotate the wash ports open, an eighth of a turn was completed before it was identified that there was interference between the casing tong tugger line and the spider elevators\\/drilling bails. A hold back sheave was rigged up to hold the casing tong tugger line clear of the elevators and bails. With the line clear the tong rotated the wash ports open with 8 turns to the right.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 29 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nSeawater was pumped down the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing at 400gpm, 410psi flushing the wash ports, displacing cement from the annulus with returns dumped overboard. Viscous, heavily gelled cement began to block the flow line and the pump rate was reduced to 140gpm to prevent the flowline over topping. The flowline was jetted with a firehose and the flow rate slowly staged up to 400gpm as the water diluted cement in the flow line began to flow more easily. With clean seawater returns at surface a 170bbls citric acid pill was pumped and spotted across the wash ports. The wash ports were rotated closed 8 turns to the left using the casing tong. The casing stump above the rig floor was measured to confirm that the ports were closed.\r\n3.7 Wellhead & BOP Installation\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n2.00\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nActual time (days)\r\n0.79\r\nActual depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n· None\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Install wellhead & successfully pressure test\r\n· Install BOP & successfully pressure test\r\nWhat went well:\r\n. Wellhead installation achieved in less time than planned due to additional offline work carried out by Plexus\\/FMC wellhead engineers and Aquaterra Engineer\r\n· BOP tests achieved first time without any retesting required\r\n· Efficiency of BOP testing improved by having performed majority of testing offline on the test stump\r\n· AQC quick connector significantly reduced BOP installation time\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. The conductor took longer to drain than anticipated due to the conductor\\/overshot annulus being blocked with cuttings drop out\r\n. Conductor final cold cut was not level resulting in a gap under the wellhead load ring on one side.\r\nPOS-GRIP Wellhead Installation\r\nA rental Plexus\\/FMC POS-GRIP 135%\\\", 10M, 30\\\" x 133\\/8\\\" x 95\\/8\\\" exploration wellhead was selected for the Colter well primarily because of the degree of surface adjustment available on both the 30\\\" x 133\\/8\\\" load ring and the 95\\/8\\\" POS-GRIP hanger arrangement. The rental option was also significantly more cost effective than a purchase option for a similar style wellhead system.\r\nTo decrease time required to drain the diverter overshot and make cutting windows in the conductor easier for the welder, the overshot seal was depressurised. Even with the overshot\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 30 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\ndepressurised it held hydrostatic pressure with no working pressure applied. The welder rigged up gas cutting equipment and cut drain holes in the conductor below the overshot. The conductor was drained with overshot volume of 24bbls. This operation took longer than expected since the gas torch went out every time it met water.\r\nOnce the overshot was sufficiently drained 2 windows were cut in the 30\\\" conductor to access the surface hanger lower anti-rotation keys. Due to the space out of the surface hanger the anti-rotation keys were located slightly up inside the diverter overshot making access difficult. Fortunately, there was sufficient space between the hanger and the 30\\\" for the wellhead engineer to reach up through the access holes and reach the anti-rotation keys, this would not have been the case if a smaller ID conductor had been used and space out should be more carefully considered on future wells using this system. The anti-rotation keys were disengaged and the surface hanger running tool backed out with 10 rotations to the left using chain tongs. The master bushings were removed and the landing joint and surface hanger running tool pulled and laid out in one assembly.\r\nThe diverter was rigged down and lifting holes cut in the top of the 30\\\" conductor in preparation for removing the offcut conductor .. Slings were run down from the drilling bails and connected to the 30\\\" conductor. The Aquaterra cold cutting system was rigged up on the 30\\\" conductor at the height marked by the FMC\\/Plexus wellhead engineer. The conductor tensioning system was slacked off to create clearance for the cold cutter which could not pass the shackles on the conductor load ring. The cold cut was successfully completed at 12.5m from rotary table and the cold cutter rigged down. During the cut a cutter blade and a motor assembly were replaced without any lost time. With the cut complete the excess 30\\\" was recovered to the rig floor and laid out and the tensioning system tensioned back up to 42MT.\r\nThe 30\\\" x 13 3\\/8\\\" split landing ring was installed onto the surface hanger adjustment ring without issue. At this point it was noticed that the cold cut had been made on an angle leading to a gap of 20mm below the landing ring on the bow side. The rig welder fabricated some shims to fit in the gap and distribute the load evenly. The Plexus\\/FMC engineers were made aware of the situation and deemed that it was fit for purpose to continue operations.\r\nA pair of 75ft slings were hung from the drilling bails and used to run the 20 3\\/4\\\" studded adaptor down to the surface hanger for installation. The studded adaptor was made up to the surface hanger with 8 3\\/4 turns and was orientated so that the annulus valves would not interfere with the conductor tensioning system. The Wellhead housing (WHH) c\\/w male Aquaterra Quick Connector (AQC) adaptor (installed offline) was run in the same manner and installed onto the studded adaptor before being torqued up to 3,177ft.lbs. The void between the POS-GRIP element and the piston sleeve was successfully pressure tested to 1,500psi for 5mins. Finally, 12klbs tension was applied to the wellhead assembly and the landing ring wound down onto the conductor stump before releasing the tension and transferring the load to the conductor. With the WHH running tool recovered, the annulus valves were lowered to the wellhead and installed.\r\nBOP Installation\r\nThe accumulator fitting to the HCR valve was removed and choke and kill lines were positioned around the well centre for ease of installation. The BOP c\\/w female AQC adaptor was picked up on the BOP hoists and manoeuvred past the tensioning system lines to above the well head. The BOP was installed onto the wellhead and nippled up without issue. The BOP was function tested and the diverter, mandrel and overshot were rigged up before the BOP was filled with seawater. The BOP test tool was picked up and run to its land out depth of 12.14m in the wellhead profile. Surface lines were rigged up from the cement unit and tested to 300psi\\/3200psi, 5mins\\/5mins, before the BOP connections and wellhead side outlet valves were tested to 300psi\\/3000psi, 5mins\\/10mins over two tests.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 31 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWith the BOP installed and tested an accumulator drawdown test was performed as per Ensco guidelines. The BOP test tool was measured out of hole to confirm its land out depth at 12.14m and the wear bushing run and set in the wellhead at 11.11m (top of wear bushing).\r\n3.8 Drill 12 1\\/4\\\" Hole\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n8.34\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1781\r\nActual time (days)\r\n4.81\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1870\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.06\r\nLost time events\r\n. 1.50 hrs - TDS Repair following back out of saver sub.\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Drill a gauge vertical hole to TD in the Sherwood Sandstone.\r\n· Appraise the hydrocarbon bearing content of the Sherwood Sandstone.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Drilled to TD significantly under planned time.\r\n· Maintained 35m\\/hr ROP for 50% of the hole section.\r\n. Efficient and total oily cuttings containment.\r\n· Achieved section objectives.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Skip and ship vacuum system limited ROP to maximum of 15m\\/hr.\r\n. Use of skip and ship with the number of personnel provided increased potential for an incident to occur.\r\n· Lost time due to TDS repair.\r\nBHA #4:\r\n12 1\\/4\\\" PDC Bit Varel VB613PUXG2, 9 5\\/8\\\" Motor 7-8 Lobe 1.15° bend c\\/w ported float, 12 1\\/8\\\" NM Stabiliser, NM X\\/O, ARC-9, Telescope 900, SADN-8, 8\\\" NM DC, X\\/O, 12 1\\/8\\\" Reaming Stabiliser, 7\\\" DAV MX Catcher Sub, 7\\\" DAV MX Circ Sub, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Hydra- Jar, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Accelerator, 3 x 8\\\" DC, X\\/O, 12 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #4: 2-3-WT-G-X-1-CT-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n20-30klbs\r\n950-1000gpm\r\n2900-3500psi\r\n70-120rpm\r\n4-8kftlbs\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 32 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nPick up 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA, RIH, pressure test casing, drill out shoetrack and perform FIT\r\nThe 12 1\\/2\\\" BHA was designed primarily as a packed hole assembly to maintain verticality throughout the section and contained an LWD suite to provide initial evaluation of the reservoir formation. The BHA consisted of:\r\n· A Varel VB613PUXG2 12 1\\/2\\\" PDC bit, IADC M432, selected based on the performance in the same formations at Wytch Farm ..\r\n· A Schlumberger A962M7848GT 9 5\\/8\\\" low speed positive displacement motor (PDM) with a 7-8 lobe configuration, selected for improved performance over surface rotation alone. A 1.15° bend was set on the PDM to allow directional corrections back to vertical if required. The PDM was fitted with a 12 1\\/8\\\" sleeve stabiliser as part of the packed hole design and had a ported float valve installed.\r\n· A Schlumberger ARC-8 providing Resistivity at 16.53m from the bit and Gamma Ray 16.58m from the bit\r\n. A Schlumberger Telescope 900 MWD, providing Direction and Inclination for directional control 24.10m from the bit.\r\n. A Schlumberger SADN-8 LWD c\\/w 2 x 12\\\" stabilisers, providing Ultrasonic calliper at 31.67m, Density at 31.83m and Neutron at 33.82m from the bit.\r\n· A 12 1\\/8\\\" string stabiliser installed above the motor and a 12 1\\/8\\\" reaming stabiliser installed 12.95m above the SADN-8 completed the packed hole set up of the assembly.\r\nThe 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA was picked up, the radioactive sources loaded into the LWD tool, and run in hole to 500m, surface lines were rigged up to perform the casing pressure test. The surface lines were pressure tested to 300psi\\/3000psi, 5mins\\/5mins. With the surface lines tested the upper pipe rams (UPR's) were closed and the casing successfully pressure tested to 2,500psi, for 15mins, with 3.25bbls pumped and returned\r\nFollowing the pressure test the string was washed in hole from 784m with 730gpm, 1,800psi, 70rpm and 3kftlbs torque and tagged the cement wiper plugs at 805.5m with 10klbs WOB. The cement plugs and float collar were drilled with 800gpm, 1,800psi, 70rpm, 3-6kftlbs torque and 8-20klbs WOB, observing red and black rubber from cement plugs and alloy cuttings from the float collar at the shakers. Firm to hard cement continued to be drilled through shoe track from 806.6m to 835.4m where the top of the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing shoe was tagged. The casing shoe was drilled out from 835.4m to 836.5m which was 1.34m deeper than expected from the casing tally. The rathole contained firm to hard cement and 3m of new formation were drilled to 842m. The string was worked back through the shoe several times with and without pumps and rotation to confirm no restrictions.\r\nDisplaced well to new 9.4ppg KCl Glycol polymer WBM while reciprocating the string. Once an even mud weight was achieved the bit was pulled back to 835.4m and rigged up for an FIT. Performed FIT to 11.6ppg equivalent with 9.4ppg WBM and 314psi applied pressure for 15mins. Pumped and returned 1bbl.\r\nTotal containment of cuttings were in place with skip and ship using the vacuum unit rigged up in the shakers as per drilling programme before drilling this section. Drilled from 842m to 894m through Kimmeridge clay restricting ROP to 15m\\/hr since the vacuum unit could not cope with an ROP above 28m\\/hr. Drilling was stopped while switching skips due to cutting build up in the shakers.\r\nOnly two NOV Brandt personnel were supplied for each shift and it quickly became apparent that this was too few to safely perform skip and ship operations. Both personnel were required to handle the heavy vacuum hose with no additional personnel available to relieve them. To reduce the risk of injury members of the rig crew assisted the NOV Brandt personnel in hose\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 33 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nhandling and stood in as relief personnel while they took breaks. Communications between the Driller and the NOV Brandt personnel were also addressed, the metres drilled per skip was identified and the NOV Brandt personnel notified when a skip should be approaching full. This allowed the NOV Brandt personnel to prepare more for the skip change and for the Driller to stop drilling but continue pumping while skips were changed.\r\nWhile drilling ahead it was noticed that inclination was starting to increase at a rate of 0.27°\\/ 30m, with an inclination of 2.41° at 893m in Kimmeridge Clay. Commenced slide drilling to correct the trajectory from 894m to 898m with 810gpm, 1,960psi and 5-10k WOB. Observed intermittent spikes in total gas percentages with maximum at 1.29%. Resumed rotary drilling after correcting trajectory to enable higher ROP and hole clearance.\r\nA positive drilling break was observed between 901m-903m and was picked to be the Oxford Clay. After discussions with onshore support it was decided to stop and skip and ship, this enabled a max ROP of about 40m\\/hr to be achieved with 1,000gpm, 3,000psi, 100rpm, 3- 4kftlbs torque and 5-10klbs WOB. A directional survey was taken at 941m which indicated a deviation of the wellbore from its trajectory and, projected ahead, moving away from geological target. The Directional Driller commenced slide drilling through the Oxford Clay to prevent further deviation from the original target. Overpull of 20klbs was observed during a connection at 957m, backreamed through the restriction and continued drilling. Recorded constant background gas peaks between 0.25%- 5% while drilling through the Oxford Clay. Blocky and splintered cavings were observed at the shakers and identified as a weak formation with the potential to lead to washouts and packing off. In an attempt to stabilise the weak formation, the mud weight was allowed to increase from 9.4ppg to 9.65ppg, however, the volume of cavings observed at the shakers did not appear to decrease.\r\nDrilling continued through thin formations of the Kellaway Beds (1050-1065m) and Forest Marble (1065-1093m) with 1000gpm, 2800psi, 100rpm, 3-4kftlbs torque and 5-10klbs WOB. Limestone stringers were encountered which lead to slower ROP's of around 25m\\/hr. Slide drilling was avoided in this section due to its interbedded nature and the hard stringers which would have made consistent sliding difficult. The quantity of blocky & splintered cavings at the shakers increased but with no indications of packing off, indicating that hole cleaning was sufficient.\r\nThe Frome Clay was identified from 1093m to 1160m, slide drilling was performed to correct the trajectory with parameters 1000gpm, 3000psi, 5-22klbs. 10-15% of blocky cavings observed at shakers at this point.\r\nWhile making a connection at 1140m, the Topdrive saver sub backed out of the IBOP. An attempt was made to torque up the saver sub with pipe handler with no success. On inspection it was noted that one of the control lines to the pipe handler was broken at its fitting to the Topdrive, this had occurred during the 36\\\" section and had not been repaired. To prevent a stuck pipe scenario the connection was made up using a rig tong and circulation established. An attempt was made by the Rig Mechanic to remove the fitting from the Topdrive but without success. Rather than try and force the fitting and potentially damage the thread in the Topdrive, the Rig Mechanic opted to drill and tap the fitting itself and install a smaller one inside it. The drilling and tapping was successful, the new fitting was crossed over to the control line and the pipe handler function tested. The saver sub was made up and the pipe handler reset to its drilling position.\r\nA steady increase in mud weight from 9.4ppg to 9.6ppg was noted while drilling through the Fullers Earth Clay formation (1160m-1224m). The decision was made by WSG to skip and ship this section, since the potentially hydrocarbon bearing Bridport Sandstone was prognosed at 1204m. Although able to achieve ROP's of up to 37m\\/hr drilling through this formation, it was restricted to 15m\\/hr due to skip and ship operations, drilling also had to be\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 34 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nstopped to change out skips when full. After drilling to 1255m, the top of the Bridport Sandstone was picked at 1229m on cuttings\\/ MWD, it was decided to return to discharging cuttings overboard as no hydrocarbon shows had been observed in 26m of formation.\r\nThe Bridport Sandstone (1229m-1300m) and Downcliff Clay(1300m-1428m) were drilled with consistent drilling parameters of 900-1000gpm, 3000-3500psi, 90rpm, 2-15kftlbs, torque and 10-30klbs WOB. Gas peaks were encountered while drilling through the Downcliff Clay, peaking to 6.6% at 1364m. The mud weight rapidly increased to 9.9ppg, higher than the programmed 9.4-9.8ppg. During routine checks it was noticed that several shaker screens were damaged, which was the likely cause of the high mud weight. Drilling was stopped and the time taken to change out the shaker screens and perform a dump and dilute to reduce the mud weight.\r\nThe hard limestone Junction Bed formation was encountered from 1428m to 1432m, 32.4m lower than prognosed. Low ROP's were expected in this formation, however it was drilled out at a reasonable 15m\\/hr. The Lower Lias formation was drilled with interbedded limestone stringers from 1432m, 32.4m deeper than prognosed and the Penarth formation which was identified as potentially hydrocarbon bearing from offset wells. Cavings continued to be observed at the shakers indicating ongoing hole stability problems in the Oxford Clay.\r\nCuttings from 1483m showed fluorescence under UV light indicating the presence of hydrocarbons, skip and ship was commenced as a precaution. The Penarth Limestone top was picked at 1487m on gas\\/res\\/density\\/cuttings and drilled at 8.5m\\/hr, 950-1000gpm, 90rpm, 4-15kftlbs and 6-30klbs WOB. Total cuttings containment continued until 1517m where no further hydrocarbon indications were observed. The Penarth Limestone was 25m thicker than prognosed. The Mercia Mudstone was drilled from 1534m - 1810m with its distinctive reddish- brown colour.\r\nContinued to observe 20-30% of large splintered cavings after passing 1530m. A 6bbl gain was observed in the active pit system and a flow check performed for 15mins - well static. On further investigation it was found that the pit gain was recorded due to a false reading from the sensors while having multiple transfers across different pits.\r\nDrilled ahead to 1780m and shaker hand observed light sheen in the shakers, the sample catcher detected small quantities of sand in cuttings identified to be the interface between the Sherwood and Mercia Mudstone formations. Total containment of the cuttings was enabled as per programme and circulated bottoms up to get clear identification of the current formation. The wellsite geologist confirmed the bottoms up sample contained no hydrocarbons and cuttings reverted to discharge overboard.\r\nA positive drilling break was recorded at 1816m, drilled 3m ahead to confirm and performed a flow check while rigging up for total cuttings containment as per the programme. With the well confirmed static, the well was circulated bottoms up to obtain samples and confirm the formation. The top of the Sherwood Sandstone was picked at 1810m, with hydrocarbon shows confirmed by mud loggers and WSG in the bottoms up samples.\r\nA loss of performance on mud pump #1 was noted by the driller and on inspection the DC motor was found to be overheating, the pump was shut down and isolated for diagnostics. Drilling ahead continued with 800gpm, 2,690psi, 120rpm, 8-12kftlbs torque and 15-30klbs WOB, limiting ROP to 15m\\/hr due to skip and ship to 1870m section TD. Obtained a TD survey and flow checked well to make sure it was static before breaking out the TDS.\r\nCommenced POOH on elevators and encountered 25klbs drag at 1660m (Sherwood Sandstone), 1112m (Frome Clay) and 1025m (Oxford Clay). These restrictions were successfully back reamed using the back-ream stab with 500-550gpm, 1000-1100psi, 50rpm, 2-5kftlbs torque. Diagnostics on mud pump #1 indicated no issues and after allowing the motor\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 35 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nto cool down resumed its function. Circulated bottoms up with 1000gpm, 2780psi, 35rpm, 2kftlbs torque outside the 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe. Pulled inside the shoe and flow checked, well static. Pumped 15bbls of 11.8ppg slug and POOH on elevators up to 301m until BHA surfaced. Spaced out and performed flow check with BHA in well and confirmed the well was static.\r\nPOOH to surface and racked back BHA and laid out MWD as necessary. The bit and stab were balled up as expected and bit was graded to 2-3-WT-G-X-1-CT-TD. The jar mandrel seal had failed and the motor stabiliser sleeve was severely worn away, the remaining BHA was in good condition. On careful observation of the MWD tools and NM stabiliser, rust\\/ erosion\\/chemical reaction was noted on the threads and ID of the tools.\r\n3.9 Open Hole Logging\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n0.67\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1870\r\nActual time (days)\r\n0.57\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1000\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.22\r\nLost time events\r\n· Wait on e-line to be RIH - 5.25hrs\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Obtain 8 pressures and 3 samples from open hole with MDT.\r\n· Obtain sonic log with FMI tool.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n. Logging tools function test good.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. E-line unit was not installed or commissioned correctly in the shipyard\r\n· Unable to pass 1,000m due to poor hole stability\r\n· Objectives not met.\r\nThe logging crew faced issues with starting their unit. The E-line crew, Rig Mechanic and the Rig Electrician worked for 24hours to set up the unit which should have been fully commissioned in Hartlepool when the unit was installed. Poor communication from the E-line crew to the DSV's and Rig Crew resulted in further lost time as priority equipment was left on the supply vessel and equipment was spotted in the wrong locations.\r\nThe issues with the E-line unit caused a delay of 5.25hrs after laying out the 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA. Picked up and RIH with MDT toolstring from surface to 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe and successfully performed the in-hole tool checks. Running in from the 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe the MDT toolstring stood up at ~1,000m, attempted to pass the holdup depth at various speeds with no success. Activated\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 36 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nthe MDT sampler arm in attempt to provide tool standoff without no success. Decision made to POOH and commence cleanout trip to clear restriction at 1,000m.\r\n3.10 12 1\\/4\\\" Cleanout Trip\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n0.00\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1,870m\r\nActual time (days)\r\n0.78\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1,066m\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n· None\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Clear restriction at 1,000m.\r\n. Condition the hole for E-line logging\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Worked through all tight spots encountered while RIH and POOH.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Pack offs encountered in intermittent intervals below shoe up to 1066m.\r\n· Unable to pass 1,066m.\r\nBHA #5:\r\n12 1\\/4\\\" PDC Bit Varel VB613PUXG2, 8 1\\/8\\\" Near bit Stabiliser, 8\\\" DC, 12 1\\/8\\\" NM Stabiliser, 8\\\" DC, X\\/O, 12 1\\/8\\\" Reaming Stabiliser, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Hydra-Jar, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Accelerator, 3 x 8\\\" DC, X\\/O, 12 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #4rr: 2-3-WT-G-X-1-BT-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n0-20klbs\r\n800gpm\r\n2300psi\r\n80-90rpm\r\n2-3kftlbs\r\nAs a result of being unable to get the wireline logging tools past 1,000m the decision was made to pick up a dumb iron 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA and perform a cleanout run to well TD at 1870m before recommencing the logging programme. The BHA was made up and run in hole to a depth of 997m where it was seen to stand up with 20klbs set down. The TDS was made up and the restriction reamed past with 800gpm, 2300psi, 75rpm and a maximum of 15kftlbs torque. Once past the restriction the string was worked over the tight spot several times until the restriction had been removed. During this process large volumes of cavings, both splintered and blocky were seen to be returning over the shakers. The string was washed and\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 37 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nreamed further in hole to a depth of 1066m with the same parameters, cleaning up any tight spots encountered. At 1066m the string again stood up, but this time could not be reamed past the restriction. Large volumes of cavings continued to be returned at the shakers and consistent signs of packing off were observed. Following discussions with onshore support, the decision was made to pull out of hole and run a cement stinger to abandon the wellbore and perform a sidetrack. The cleanout assembly was backreamed and pumped out of hole to the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing shoe at 835m then pulled out of hole to surface.\r\n3.11 Sidetrack Kick Off Plugs\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n4.83\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1,870m\r\nActual time (days)\r\n2.09\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1,870m\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n• None\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Set 210m plug at 1870m to isolate Sherwood Sandstone\r\n· Set 230m kick off plug at 1048m on CST.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Able to reach TD of 1870m with stinger worked through restriction at 1,066m from cleanout run.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Pack offs encountered in intermittent intervals below shoe up to 1,066m.\r\n· KOP cement was contaminated with cuttings.\r\nWith the cleanout assembly back at surface, 30 joints of 2 7\\/8\\\" cement stinger were picked up and washed in hole on 5\\\" DP with numerous minor restrictions to well TD at 1870m. As previously, a notable restriction was encountered at 1,066m with the 2 1\\/8\\\" x 5\\\" crossover, however it was possible to wash through the restriction. With the stinger 0.5m off bottom a cementing assembly was made up to the string and a 126bbl 16ppg balanced plug was spotted on bottom. The string was pulled back and periodically worked between 1390m and 1385m with 200gpm, 260psi, 20rpm, 0.5kftlbs torque while waiting on cement. After 13 hours WOC the stinger was run back in and the top of the cement plug tagged at 1,626m with 5klbs set down. The string was pulled back to 1048m after the remaining spacer had been circulated out to prevent U-tubing in the string.\r\nAfter abandoning the original 12 1\\/4\\\" hole section the decision was made to set a kick off cement plug and sidetrack the well from a planned 875m; 40m below the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing shoe. In order to support the kick off plug a CST was loaded into the cementing string, displaced downhole and set at 1,048m. The string was then pulled back 5m to 1043m and a 161bbls, 230m, 17ppg\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 38 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nbalanced cement plug was set from 1,048m to 818m and the cement stinger was pulled out of hole and laid out.\r\n3.12 Drill 12 1\\/4\\\" Side Track Hole Section\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n2.25\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1,500m\r\nActual time (days)\r\n3.04\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1,122m\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n• None\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Kick off and drill a gauge hole to TD in the Fullers Earth.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Build up trajectory without severe doglegs.\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· TOC tagged lower due to cement contaminated with cuttings - sidetrack initiated lower than planned.\r\nBHA #6:\r\n12. 1\\/4\\\" PDC Bit Varel VB613PUXG2, 9 5\\/8\\\" Motor 6-5 Lobe 1.5° Bend, NM X\\/O, 12 1\\/8\\\" NM Stabiliser, NM X\\/O, NM Pony, NM X\\/O, NM X\\/O, Telescope 900, NM X\\/O, NM X\\/O, 2 x 8\\\" NM DC, X\\/O, 12 1\\/8\\\" Reaming Stabiliser, 7\\\" DAV MX Catcher sub, 7\\\" DAV MX Circ sub, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Hydra-Jar, 5 x 8\\\" DC, 8\\\" Accelerator, 3 x 8\\\" DC, X\\/O, 12 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #5: 1-1-BT-G-X-IN-LT-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n2-30klbs\r\n600-1,000gpm\r\n3000-3400psi\r\n40-100rpm\r\n6-7kftlbs\r\nThe 12 1\\/2\\\" BHA was designed to kick off and build to 20° then hold tangent to TD in the Frome Clay. The BHA consisted of:\r\n· A Varel VB613PUXG2 12 1\\/4\\\" PDC bit, IADC M432, selected based on the performance within the same sections at Wytch Farm.\r\n· A Schlumberger A962M5640XP 9 5\\/8\\\" low speed positive displacement motor (PDM) with a 5-6 lobe configuration, selected for improved performance over surface rotation alone. A 1.5º bend was set on the PDM to allow kick off and directional corrections if required. The PDM was fitted with a 12 1\\/8\\\" sleeve stabiliser and had a ported float valve installed.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 39 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\n. A Schlumberger Telescope 900 MWD, providing Gamma Ray sensors 23.39m from the bit and Direction and Inclination for directional control 24.04m from the bit.\r\n. A 12 1\\/8\\\" string stabiliser installed above the motor and a 12 1\\/8\\\" reaming stabiliser installed 12.22m above the Telescope completed the packed hole set up of the assembly.\r\nThe BHA was picked up and run in hole to 500m and the MWD tools successfully shallow tested. Washing in hole commenced from 785m to 900m with 200gpm, 480psiand top of cement was tagged at 900.5m with 10klbs set down weight. Parameters were increased to 600gpm, 2000psi, 60rpm, 1kftlbs torque, however it was not possible to set down weight and reconfirm the tag. The paraemters were reduced to 200gpm, 400psi but again a firm tag was not observed. Bottoms up was circulated and samples identified to be 90% reworked formation, indicating that the cement was heavily contaminated. The well was displaced to new 10.0ppg WBM and a flow check performed. Whilst circulating and conditioning the mud system 90-100% formation was observed in returns. Approximately 70bbls of mud was lost over the shakers due to the cold mud blinding up the screens.\r\nThe tool face was set to 158° and washed in hole with 600gpm, 1310psi from 907m to 923m with minimal WOB. At 923m the string was set down with 10klbs which indicated the presence of hard cement. Minimal cement was observed in samples, up to 95% returns at shakers from formation. Drilling commenced in oriented mode from 923m to 944m with 1350psi, 2-10klbs WOB and obtained 100% formation. Kick off of 98\\/11a-6z was confirmed at 950m after getting 90% of new formation at the shakers.\r\nSlide drilling continued from 950m to 985m at 4.8m\\/hr through the Oxford Clay where 5-10% cavings were observed. The mud weight was increased from 10ppg to 10.4ppg in an effort to improve hole stability and reduce the volume of cavings. The shaker screens were noted to be periodically blinding due to cuttings and required pressure washing to prevent surface losses. Gas peaks of 0.5-2% were noted while drilling through the Oxford Clay (909m-1051m) with a peak of 8.2% at 1025m.\r\nFollowing a review of the instability observed in the Oxford Clay in the motherbore and the degree of cavings from the same formation in the sidetrack, the decision was taken to shorten the section from 1,500m to 1,100m. Shortening the section would significantly reduce the amount of time that the Oxford Clay would be left open and increase the probability of successfully completing the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing run.\r\nThe Kellaway Beds were drilled through from 1051m to 1084m with 925gpm, 3300-3500psi, 40-100rpm, 10-30klbs WOB, 6-10m.hr ROP. The ROP varied due to the presence of intermittent limestone stringers. The Forest Marble was encountered from 1084m-1094m. The Marble is a limestone section and was expected to be hard and water bearing, however, when drilled it was found to be weak and displayed hydrocarbon fluorescence under UV light. Total containment was initiated and skip and ship performed from 1075m to 1085m.\r\nDrilled ahead through the Fuller's Earth from 1094m to section TD at 1119m with 925gpm, 15- 30klbs, 40-100rpm, 25-30m\\/hr ROP. Two bottoms up circulations were performed while reciprocating the string between 1118.5m and 1102m. A 12.4ppg Hi-Vis sweep was circulated prior to flow checking the well (well static) and returns indicated 5-10% cavings in a decreasing trend.\r\nWhile attempting to POOH an immediate overpull of 40klbs was recorded. The string was therefore pumped out of hole from 1118.5 to 1096m with 550gpm, 1,320psi and no significant overpulls. A restriction was encountered at 1,096m requiring back reaming OOH with 550gpm, 1,400psi, 60rpm and 2-12kftlbs torque to 930m. From 930m to 820m it was possible to pump out of hole with 500gpm, 1,100psi. Due to the hole conditions experienced while POOH it was\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 40 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\ndecided to perform a wiper trip to TD in order to improve the chances of a successful casing run. The well was rested for 2 hours prior to RIH for the wiper trip during which time planned maintenance was conducted on the rotary motor.\r\nWhile RIH from 820m multiple restrictions were encountered:\r\n. 874m, set down weight 25klbs - washed and reamed restriction\r\n• 1,050m, string stalled, and pipe became stuck while washing and reaming in hole, worked string and freed with 45klbs overpull- washed and reamed restriction\r\n· 1,058m, string stalled, and pipe became stuck while washing and reaming in hole, worked string and freed with 35klbs overpull- washed and reamed restriction\r\nWashing and reaming was performed through restrictions until clean; the BHA continued to be washed in hole from 1068m to 1119m. While washing and reaming a significant quantity of cuttings where observed in returns at the shakers, indication of poor hole cleaning or insufficient mud properties to carry cuttings to surface. Surveys were taken while washing and reaming in hole to make sure the trajectory did not deviate from the sidetrack bore.\r\nThe section was deepened slightly from the original section TD of 1,119m to 1,122m to set casing deeper after MWD data indicated a potential weak zone at 1112-1114m which could cause complications while running and cementing the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing. The BHA was pumped OHH from 1, 122m to 832m inside the 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe without any restrictions before being pulled on elevators to surface racking back and laying out the 12 1\\/4\\\" BHA as required. The bit was graded 1-1-BT-G-X-IN-LT-TD, with no significant wear observed on the BHA.\r\nThe wear bushing running tool was RIH, the BOP rams functioned (excluding shear rams) and the wear bushing recovered to surface. No significant visible damage or wear was observed on the wearbushing. The wellhead and BOP were subsequently jetted with 450gpm, 300psi, 10rpm for 30mins to clear any debris prior to running the 9 5\\/8\\\", 47lb\\/ft, L80, Vam Top casing and surface hanger assembly.\r\n3.13 Run and Cement 9 5\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n1.25\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1,118m\r\nActual time (days)\r\n1.52\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1,118m\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.00\r\nLost time events\r\n• None\r\nObjectives:\r\n. Run and cement 9 5\\/8\\\" casing at 1118.m.\r\n. Land off mudline and surface hanger as per tally.\r\n. Test and install seal assembly and wear bushing on the casing head.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Objectives achieved\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 41 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. Densometer malfunction in the Haliburton cement unit during 9 5\\/8\\\" casing cement job resulting in varying density.\r\nRun 9 5\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nWeight\r\n47 lbs\\/ft\r\nGrade\r\nL80\r\nConnection\r\nVAM TOP\r\nBurst\r\n6,870psi\r\nCollapse\r\n4,760psi\r\nYield\r\n1,086klbs\r\nShoe Type\r\nRubicon Top-Co Type 966 Single Float Eccentric Nose, 9 5\\/8\\\", 47lbs\\/ft, L80 VAM TOP\r\nShoe Depth\r\n1,118.05m mdbrt\r\nSection TD\r\n1,122m mdbrt\r\nFloat Collar\r\nDown Hole Products Float Collar, 9 5\\/8\\\", 47lbs\\/ft, L80 VAM TOP\r\nCentraliser Type\r\nRubicon Single Piece Type 390 Bow Spring\r\nInterval\r\nCentraliser\\/jt\r\n#Joints\r\nTotal Centralisers\r\nCentraliser Programme\r\n1,118m - 1,080m\r\n2\r\n3\r\n6\r\n1,080m - 839m\r\n0.5\r\n1\r\n21\r\nThe main string of 9 5\\/8\\\", 47lb\\/ft, L80 casing was run using the GE Baker Hughes T-CAT system, with 500T Varco elevators and Flush Mounted Slips (FMS). The shoe track was run using manual side door elevators and FMS on low weight setting. The shoe joint was picked up from the catwalk into the V-door using single joint elevators where it was top filled with a fire hose to check the float shoe was allowing flow for circulating. The shoe joint was then tailed in on the crane and tugger and latched with the manual side door elevators.\r\nThe shoe joint was run below the rotary table where the float function was confirmed. The intermediate joint was picked up and tailed in on the crane before the float joint was picked up and tested in the same manner as the shoe joint; all connections in the shoe track were made up to 17,500ft.lbs and Baker locked.\r\nRegular casing joints were laid on the catwalk before being picked up to the V-door using single joint pick up elevators on the tugger and a catwalk stop. The 9 5\\/8\\\" casing was made up to 17,500ft.lbs optimum torque and top filled on the way in. Circulation was broken inside the 13 3\\/8\\\" shoe with 210gpm and 150psi.\r\nCasing running continued in hole, each joint being filled with active mud while RIH until 1,010m where a restriction (suspected fill) was encountered with 20-30klbs set down weight. The T- CAT was made up and commenced washing down with 600gpm and 270psi to 1,023m with 70klbs maximum set down weight.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 42 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nThe Plexus\\/FMS mudline hanger was picked up, the FMS and diverter insert packer were removed and the master bushings, slip bowls and manual casing spider installed. The mudline hanger was lowered to a workable height above the rotary table and broken out a 1\\/2 turn to the right with chain tongs before being made back up a 1\\/2 turn to the left. The slip bowls and master bushings were removed to allow the mudline hanger to pass through the rotary table.\r\nRIH continued with manual casing spiders running the preselected 'PX' marked mudline hanger space-out joints. The surface hanger assembly was picked up and made up as per Plexus procedure and RIH. Observed 25klbs set down weight at 1110m, suspected to be hole fill, attempted to work past without success. Engaged T-CAT system and continued washing down to 1,117m with 420gpm, 580-690psi, 10-40klbs WOB. Observed dynamic losses of 83bbls\\/hr. Picked up clear of bottom and reduced the flowrate to 300gpm, 400psi, losses still observed with lower flow rate. Stopped pumping and set casing as low as achievable in slips to allow a working pup joint to be made up above landing string.\r\nThe well was monitored on the trip tank while picking up a working pup joint and observed to be flowing - this was suspected to be due to formation ballooning following losses while circulating. Monitoring of the well continued while a working pup joint was made up to the landing string. The T-CAT system was engaged and the flow rate staged up to 50gpm, however the T-CAT system was observed to be leaking from the top of the casing. The working pup joint was broken out and the T-CAT inspected before a damaged casing ID seal was changed out. The T-CAT was re-engaged and the flow rate staged up to 50gpm to check for further leaks on the casing ID seal -a good seal was observed.\r\nWith the T-CAT engaged the flow rate was staged up from 50gpm to 200gpm establishing a loss free circulating rate. A loss rate of 30bbl\\/hr was observed at 200gpm so the flowrate was reduced to 100gpm, 230psi and the losses reduced. The casing was washed in hole from 1117m to 1118.05m and landed off on depth. FMC confirmed the hanger was set at the correct depth with stickup of 1.615m at surface.\r\nCement 9 5\\/8\\\" Casing\r\nWith the casing landed off, the extra pup joint was laid out and the cement head was made up to the landing joint. The surface lines were tested to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/10mins. Using the rig pumps, a total of 80bbls of 11.5ppg Tuned E spacer was pumped ahead of the cement.\r\nThe cement unit was lined up to the well and a total of 85bbls of 13.5ppg class G lead cement was mixed and pumped downhole at 2.5-3.5bpm with 171-337psi. During the mixing of the lead cement it became apparent that the densometer on the mixing tub was reading incorrectly and varying from the true density regularly despite the cementer's best efforts to calibrate it. Density was monitored on the backup densometer adjacent to the displacement tanks and also through regular sampling and measuring with the mud balance. Despite this, weight control was poor throughout the mix.\r\nAfter the lead cement had been pumped, a further 64bbls of 16.0ppg tail cement was mixed and pumped at 3.0-3.4bpm, 283-346psi. Again, the densometer was found to be inaccurate and the weight was monitored as it had been for the lead mix, with the cementer manually controlling the cement addition. Again, weight control was poor throughout the mix.\r\nFollowing the cement 20bbls of 11.5ppg Tuned E spacer was pumped using the rig pumps at 6bpm, 200psi. The cement and spacer were then displaced downhole with 245bbls of 9.8ppg drilling mud. The initial 190bbls were pumped at 6bpm, 80-230psi with the pump rate being slowed to 4bpm, 174-262psi for the next 37bbls to reduce the pressure on the ballooned formations near the shoe. The displacement rate was reduced to 2bpm, 213psi for the final 8bbls pumped and the top plug was observed to land exactly as calculated at 245bbls pumped.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 43 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nReduced returns were recorded throughout the cement job with downhole losses occurring despite the reduced pumping rates. The plug was then bumped at 713psi, 500psi over final circulating pressure, before the pressure was increased to 2,500psi and held for 5mins. The pressure was then bled off, the cement head rigged down and wellhead operations commenced. A total of 94bbls of downhole losses were recorded during the cement job.\r\nPOS-GRIP Wellhead Operations\r\nAfter the completion of cementing operations the POS-GRIP flange nuts on the 13 5%\\\" wellhead were backed out 1 turn and the 9 5\\/8\\\" landing string latched in the elevators and an overpull of 10klbs applied. The wellhead piston void was pressurised and the spacer plates removed. The piston void was then depressurised and a hydraulic tensioner were attached to the POS- GRIP flange nuts. The POS-GRIP mechanism was then activated and the hydraulic tensioners removed.\r\nWith the POS-GRIP activated, the overpull on the 9 5\\/8\\\" string was removed and the landing string backed out at the surface hanger and recovered to surface. The annular seal running tool was picked up and a dummy run to seal depth was made before the seal pocket was flushed with 140gpm, 400psi and 10rpm. The annular seal was run and landed out at 11.27m. With the running tool pulled back out of hole the BOP test plug was run in and the annular seal pressure tested to 3000psi\\/5mins. The wear bushing was run and excess equipment cleared from the rig floor.\r\n3.14 Drill 8 1\\/2\\\" Hole\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n4.44\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1870\r\nActual time (days)\r\n6.04\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1910\r\nNPT (days)\r\n2.65\r\nLost time events\r\n· 63.5hrs - Failed FIT at the 9 5%\\\" Shoe.\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Obtain FIT of 12.1ppge at the 9 5\\/8\\\" shoe\r\n· Drill gauge hole maintaining target to Sherwood Sandstone reservoir.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Achieved good injectivity test prior to squeeze job\r\n· Squeeze job executed as planned\r\n. Drilled to TD in a single run maintaining trajectory.\r\n. Excellent directional control throughout.\r\n. Good hole cleaning\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 44 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Weak to firm cement in shoe track while drilling out.\r\n· Unable to achieve required FIT without remedial operations.\r\n· Squeezed cement didn't set as planned.\r\n· High stick-slip vibration encountered from 1650m.\r\nBHA #7:\r\n8 1\\/2\\\" PDC Bit Varel VB613GP2UXS2A1 , 6 3\\/4\\\" Motor 7-8 Lobe 1.15° Bend, 8 1\\/4\\\" Stabiliser, NM Pony, NM X\\/O, ARC-6, Telescope 675, 8 1\\/4\\\" NM Stabiliser, 6 3\\/4\\\" NM DC, 3 x 6 1\\/2\\\" DC, 9 x 5\\\" HWDP, 6\\\" Hydra-Jar, 6 x 5\\\" HWDP, 6\\\" Accelerator, 6 x 5\\\" HWDP.\r\nBit #6: 0-0-NO-A-X-IN-NO-HP\r\nBit #6rr: 0-0-NO-A-X-IN-NO-HP\r\nBit #6rr1: 1-2-BT-N-X-IN-CT-TD\r\nWeight on Bit\r\nFlow rate\r\nStandpipe pressure\r\nRotary RPM\r\nTorque\r\n10-20klbs\r\n550gpm\r\n2000-2350psi\r\n60-100rpm\r\n3-9kftlbs\r\nPick up 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA, RIH, pressure test casing, drill out shoetrack and perform FIT\r\nThe 8 1\\/2\\\" BHA was designed primarily as a packed hole assembly to maintain the tangent throughout the section and contained an LWD suite to provide initial evaluation of the reservoir formations. The BHA consisted of:\r\n· A Varel VB613GP2UXS2A1 8 1\\/2\\\" PDC bit, IADC M332, selected based on the performance and durability shown in offset wells.\r\n· A Schlumberger A675M78XP low speed positive displacement motor (PDM) with a 7- 8 lobe configuration, selected for improved performance over surface rotation alone. A 1.15° bend was set on the PDM to allow directional corrections if required. The PDM was fitted with an 8 3\\/8\\\" sleeve stabiliser as parted of the packed hole design and had a ported float valve installed.\r\n· A Schlumberger ARC-6 providing Pressure While drilling 18.23m from the bit, resistivity at 18.94m from the bit and Gamma Ray 18.99m from the bit\r\n· A Schlumberger Telescope 900 MWD, providing Vibration sensors 24.24m from the bit and Direction and Inclination for directional control 25.24m from the bit.\r\n. Two non-mag 8 1\\/4\\\" string stabilisers, one either side of the MWD\\/LWD tools, completed the packed hole set up of the assembly.\r\n. It was originally planned to be run with a density, porosity tool (SADN-8) in the BHA, due to availability reasons this was not achieved.\r\nWith wellhead operations completed, 8 1\\/2\\\" drilling BHA #7 was run in hole on elevators to 1,062m. The Topdrive was made up and the string washed in hole from 1,062m with 150gpm, 150psi to where the top cement wiper plug was tagged on depth at 1086.46m. The string was\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 45 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nthen pulled back to 1062m, a pressure testing assembly rigged up and the 9 5%\\\" casing successfully pressure tested to 2500psi for 15 minutes.\r\nOn completion of the pressure test the string was washed in hole to 1,086.46m where drilling of the shoetrack commenced with 550gpm, 2150-2210psi, 70rpm, 2-5kftlbs torque and 8- 10klbs WOB. While drilling the shoetrack the cement which was encountered was firm but not hard and a gas reading of 2.5% was recorded at bottoms up after drilling out the float collar. At a depth of 1,117m the top of the float shoe was encountered and drilled out to 1,118m. Once below the shoe the 12 1\\/4\\\" rathole was cleaned out to 1,122m before 3m of new formation was drilled to 1,125m and a flow check performed with the observed static.\r\nFollowing the drill out of the shoe track the well was displaced to new 9.4ppg KCl Polymer WBM. Once the mud had been circulated and conditioned to an even 9.4ppg the well was flow checked, a 1.5bbl gain was observed over an extended 1.25hr period. Bottoms up was circulated with 570gpm, 1960psi, a gas peak of 7% was observed at bottoms up which reduced to zero immediately. A second bottoms up was circulated with a maximum gas peak of 0.6% recorded. The well was flow checked and this time observed to be static. The assembly was pulled back inside the 9 5\\/8\\\" shoe, the UPR's closed and the pressure test assembly rigged up to perform a FIT to 12.1ppge.\r\nWhen the FIT was attempted, staging up to the required pressure of 515psi, it was found that the formation would not hold the required pressure with a rapid pressure decrease noted at 430psi falling to 313psi before stabilising. Two further attempts were made to complete the FIT but in each case the pressure quickly dropped back to between 313psi and 327psi. The drilling assembly was pulled out of hole in order to pick up a cement stinger to conduct a remedial cement squeeze at the shoe.\r\nRemedial Cement Squeeze\r\nA total of 152m (15 joints) of 2 7\\/8\\\" cement stinger were picked up with a closed ended slotted mule shoe and RIH on 5\\\" drill pipe to TD at 1, 125m where the well was displaced back to the old 10.0ppg mud prior to cementing, this was to prevent contamination of the new 9.4ppg mud system. A pressure test assembly was made up and an injectivity test performed on the open formations around the shoe. A maximum rate of 0.5bpm was achieved at 530psi with a total volume of 2.5bbls being injected.\r\nA cementing assembly, comprised of a Side Entry sub (SES) and a Full Opening Safety Valve (FOSV) above and below the SES, was made up to the string and 30bbls of 12.5ppg Tuned E spacer pumped with the rig pumps ahead of 35bbls of 16ppg cement from the cement unit. The line-up was the crossed back to the rig pumps and a further 10bbls of spacer was pumped before it was displaced with 41bbls of 9.8ppg mud. With the cement plug in place on the bottom of the hole the string was pulled back to 920m and the pressure test assembly rigged back up. The cement was squeezed in four stages with the following results:\r\n· Pumped 10bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 610psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 350psi over 20mins.\r\n· Pumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 620psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 400psi over 40mins.\r\n· Pumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 720psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 425psi over 20mins.\r\n· Pumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 820psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 439psi over 20mins.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 46 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nA total of 25bbls of cement was injected into the formation, however when the pressure was bled off to allow the test assembly to be rigged down, 10bbls of returns were recorded. The stinger was pulled out of hole and laid out and the drilling assembly picked back up.\r\nThe drilling assembly was RIH on elevators to a depth of 1,000m from where it was washed down to 1,110m with 150gpm, 300psi with no weight being taken and no indications of hard cement observed. Bottoms-up was circulated and the sample found to contain 50% firm cement but no hard cement, a gas peak of 0.6% up reducing immediately after to zero was also observed. The string was washed down as far as 1,117m without encountering resistance when the decision was made to pull back and wait for a further three hours before continuing out of the shoe at 1,118m.\r\nWhen the prescribed time had elapsed, the assembly was washed in hole with 4klbs WOB noted until a depth of 1,121m where 10klbs set down weight could be applied. Thereafter the remaining cement was drilled out down to TD at 1,125m, and a FIT attempted to 12.1ppge. As previously the pressure was staged up but did not reach the required pressure, breaking over at 470psi and rapidly bleeding back to 370psi over 1 minute. Two further attempts were made before the string was pulled out of hole again and the cement stinger re-run.\r\nOnce the stinger had been run to bottom a second injectivity test was attempted, however it was found that the pressure increased rapidly to 700psi with minimal injectivity. The pumps were stopped, and the pressure observed to decline rapidly to 500psi before stabilising and dropping at 1-3psi\\/min thereafter. As the formation was holding pressure in excess of the required 12.1ppgE (400psi with 10ppg mud) the pressure was bled off in a controlled manner and a FIT attempted. The FIT was successful, and the cement stinger was pulled out of hole and laid out. It is assumed the cement pumped in the previous step was contaminated to a degree and the additional operational time allowed the cement to cure fully to provide the successful FIT value to drill ahead. The 8 1\\/2\\\" drilling assembly was picked up for the third time and run back in hole to commence drilling the 8 1\\/2\\\" section.\r\nThe agreed well plan for this section aimed to build and hold 20° inclination by the planned section TD at 1,856m. The Directional Driller identified sections in which he could slide and achieve the required trajectory and limit the DLS to 3º\\/30m. This section would be drilled very similarly to the 12 1\\/4\\\" section of this well. The main priority was to maintain the trajectory rather than achieve high ROP.\r\nDrilling of the 81\\/2\\\" hole section commenced at 1,125m in the Frome Clay with 550gpm, 2,050psi, 70rpm, 3-4kftlbs torque and 8-10klbs WOB and 10m\\/hr ROP and slide drilled with 550gpm, 2050psi, 8-16klbs WOB achieving 15-19m\\/hr. The directional plan for the 81\\/2\\\" hole required that inclination was built from ~7º at the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing shoe to +\\/- 18° by the prognosed top of the Bridport Sand at 1,208m. The overall aim of the sidetrack was to drill northwards through a fault and into the upthrown formations beyond it. Sliding to build angle commenced at 1,130m with 550gpm, 2,050psi, 8-10klbs with the tool face orientated broadly high side.\r\nThe top of the Fuller's Earth was intersected at 1,162m and this was drilled with the same parameters as the Frome Clay, with sliding being completed from 1,182m to 1,194m. The Inferior Oolite which wasn't prognosed was encountered from 1,229.5-1,234m. Although the Oolite was a hard limestone formation, it drilled with a relatively high ROP (14m\\/hr -26m\\/hr). The mud was treated with caustic soda to maintain the pH while drilling out this formation due to its alkaline properties. By the time the top of the Inferior Oolite was intersected at 1,229m the hole angle had built to +\\/-17°and the desired tangent angle of 18° had almost been achieved. The Inferior Oolite was rotary drilled with 550gpm, 2,050psi, 70rpm, 3-4kftlbs torque and 8-16klbs WOB and ROPs from 15-25m\\/hr.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 47 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nThe Bridport Sand was picked from 1,234m with GR\\/Res\\/Cuttings, 4.7m higher than prognosed. Decision was confirmed from onshore support to skip and ship cuttings only on hydrocarbon shows. Cuttings and samples were taken and studied carefully in this section due to hydrocarbon bearing risks to avoid any discharge. The 72m thick formation didn't encounter hydrocarbon shows and the cuttings continued to be discharged overboard. With the change in lithology from the Oolite to the Bridport Sand the inclination of the borehole showed a dropping tendency and sliding was resumed from 1,240m to 1,247m with 550gpm, 2,100psi and 8-12kftlbs WOB in order to maintain the hole angle. Once past 1,247m the remainder of the formation down to the Downcliffe Clay was rotary drilled with 550gpm, 2,070psi, 70rpm, 3-6kftlbs torque and 8-15klbs WOB. The Bridport sand also saw some of the highest ROPs of the 81\\/2\\\" section with values between 30m\\/hr and 50m\\/hr being regularly recorded.\r\nThe Downcliff Clay was observed at 1,309m, 5.1m higher than prognosed and drilled through to 1,419m. As with the previous formations the Downcliffe Clay was drilled with a mixture of rotary drilling and sliding with broadly the same parameters as seen previously. Slide intervals were recorded from 1,330-1,337m and 1,385-1,395m. At this time a new wellplan was issued which called for building angle at maximum rate with 5°-6° doglegs in order to extend the northward reach of the well as the expected fault had not been encountered.\r\nThe thin Junction Bed formation, which was not in the prognosed geology, was rotary drilled between 1,419m and 1,423m. Observed 10-30% anhydrite\\/ limestone cuttings while drilling through this formation and the mud was treated to maintain the programmed pH value.\r\nThe Lower Lias was confirmed 28.8m higher than prognosed at 1,423m with clear indications in increased quantities of clay in cuttings and variation in GR\\/Res logs. Observed intermittent gas peaks from 1.2-3.5% and max gas peak at 1433m at 6.2%. Drilled ahead with 555gpm, 2,285psi, 60rpm, 5-7kftlbs torque.\r\nWhite Lias part of the Penarth group a limestone formation was encountered at 1,478.5m (30.4m higher than prognosed) with increased anhydrite and limestone cuttings. The limestones of the Lower Lias formation resulted in a significant reduction in ROP from 20- 30m\\/hr down to 5-6m\\/hr. In order to drill the Lower Lias effectively the maximum WOB was increased to 20-25klbs. This resulted in slightly improved ROPs however the increase was marginal; in the order of 1-2m\\/hr. Mud treatment was resumed to control the pH levels, at times it exceeded 11.5 and the addition of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate in a controlled manner brought it down to 8.5. A maximum drilling gas peak of 4% was encountered as anticipated in this formation, intermittent gas shows were recorded from 1-2.02% with no hydrocarbon shows in the samples. Obtained 5% blocky cuttings at the shakers, indication of a weak zone of the formation at 1,503m. Survey taken indicated that current trajectory was 2.4m below the planned trajectory line and within the target location.\r\nConsistent and clear indication of red cuttings confirmed the top of Mercia Mudstone at 1536m (22.5m higher than prognosed). Drilled ahead with 550-555gpm, 1950-2340psi, 2-8kftlbs torque, 60-90rpm and 7-20klbs WOB till 1651m. The mud weight out was on an increasing trend from 9.5ppg to 9.7ppg, hence 120bbls of mud was dumped and diluted to achieve consistent 9.5ppg. Anhydrite stingers were encountered 20-30% in cuttings indicated the similarity of the side track to the mother bore.\r\nOn evaluation of current trajectory and the returns observed, the decision was made from onshore support to build to 50° angle maintaining same azimuth since the prognosed fault had not been encountered at 1,624m. Drilling through anhydrite stingers led to an increase in stick and slip vibrations, drilling parameters were modified to reduce the effect and continued drilling ahead with 550gpm, 1,950-2,400psi, 60-70rpm, 3-7kftlbs torque, 8-18klbs WOB and 8-36m\\/hr ROP.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 48 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nAfter drilling to 1,790m (prognosed TD) the decision was made to hold the current inclination, which was 39.80º, and continued to drill ahead until the Sherwood Sandstone was encountered. Drilling continued to 1,863m where Sherwood Sandstone top was picked on cuttings and resistivity data, this was 62.2m lower than prognosed. Cuttings samples were closely monitored and tested for hydrocarbon shows, however none were apparent and the formation was deemed to be water wet. A finalised well TD of 1,910m was agreed, this was sufficiently deep in the formation to permit wireline logging if it was still required. Drilled down with 500-580gpm, 2,130-2,630psi, 50-80rpm, 5-9kftlbs torque, 10-25klbs WOB and 5-16m\\/hr ROP with stick and slip problems arising.\r\nThe hole was circulated clean while reciprocating the string from 1,909m to 1,904m prior to POOH. As a precaution pumping OOH commenced to 1,727m with 250gpm, 690psi, maximum drag observed was 10klbs. The assembly was POOH to 1,554m at which point bottoms up was circulated as this was a previous hold-up depth. A slug was pumped and the string POOH on elevators with no restrictions encountered. The lower stabiliser on the BHA was slightly balled up along with the bit which was graded to 1-2-BT-N-X-I-CT-TD. The bit recorded 11.22 sliding hours and 23.3 rotating hours in total and averaged an ROP of 24.8m\\/hr over the complete run.\r\nWhile POOH the decision was made by the onshore team to cancel wireline logging operations and commence P&A since the data acquired by the MWD tools did not indicate economic reserves of hydrocarbons in the reservoir.\r\n3.15 Plug and Abandonment\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n3.00\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\n1910\r\nActual time (days)\r\n5.23\r\nActual depth (m)\r\n1910\r\nNPT (days)\r\n0.93\r\nLost time events\r\n· 1.0 hrs - Bulk Cement line blockage during abandonment plug #1.\r\n. 6.0 hrs - Unable to proceed pulling 9 5\\/8\\\" casing due to not having water bushing on board for well control.\r\n. 10.0 hrs - WOW to complete pulling 9 5\\/8\\\" casing due to winds in excess of the crane operating limits.\r\n. 2.75 hrs - WOW to pull 13 3\\/8\\\" due to winds in excess of the crane operating limits.\r\n. 2.5 hrs - Unable to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" casing string from MLS, additional casing cut required to recover casing.\r\nObjectives:\r\n. To permanently abandon and isolate the permeable Sherwood Sandstone, Bridport and Cornbrash formation\r\n· Achieve a successful balanced cement plug job\r\n· Verify top of cement is as expected by tagging with 10Klbs\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Abandonment plug #1 successfully set from 1910m to 1587m and tagged with 10klbs.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 49 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n· Bulk cement delivery issues during abandonment plug #1.\r\n· Density control issues during abandonment plug #2.\r\n· Water bushing was not on board during the start of 9 5\\/8\\\" casing pulling operations.\r\n. The 13 3\\/8\\\" casing was unable to be backed out from the mudline suspension system.\r\nAbandonment Plug #1\r\nWith the decision made to plug and abandon the 6z sidetrack 279m of cement stinger was picked up and run in hole on 5\\\" drill pipe to 1,910m. TD was tagged with 5klbs set down and the stinger pulled back half a metre to 1,909.5m before 40bbls of 12.5ppg Tuned E spacer were pumped with the rig pumps at 6bpm, 740-500psi. The cement unit was then lined up to the well.\r\nAlmost as soon as mixing was started in the cement unit the bulk supply line became blocked and an hour of NPT was accrued as the rig crew worked to clear it. With bulk supplies restored the cement was weighed up to the required 16ppg and a total volume of 85.5bbls were pumped downhole at 2.9-4.5bpm, 252-392psi. Once the cement was in the string the line-up was changed back to the rig pumps again and a total of 15bbls of 12.5ppg Tuned E spacer was pumped behind the cement. This was then displaced with 64bbls of 9.8ppg mud at 6bpm, 80- 762psi, slowing to 4bpm, 500psi for the last 4bbls. The cement line was then removed and the well observed to be on suction. The string was pulled at a reduced speed to 1,554m, above the top of cement and the cement allowed to harden for a period of 9 hours. The string was then washed in hole and the top of the cement tagged with 10klbs set down at a depth of 1587m. The stinger was pulled out of hole and laid out prior to cutting the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing.\r\n9 5%\\\" Casing Cut\r\nThe Weatherford 95\\/8\\\" casing cutting assembly was made up and RIH to position the cutters at 620m. The casing was cut with 158gpm, 1,400psi, 120rpm and 3-4kftlbs torque. A pressure drop to 290 psi and reduction in torque to 2 kftlbs indicated a successful cut of the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing. Proceeded to pick up 1m above cut and wash back down with 120gpm and 700 psi, set down 5klbs with cutters located at 620m confirming successful cut. The well was then flow checked and confirmed static before POOH with cutting assembly to surface.\r\nThe wear bushing was recovered followed by recovery of the 9 5\\/8\\\" seal assembly. A 0.4bbl loss was recorded on the trip tank during recovery of the seal assembly. The well was flow checked once again and confirmed static.\r\nDuring the rig up of the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing handling equipment it was discovered that the water bushing (required for well control) was not onboard. Subsequently the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing handling equipment was rigged down and the wear bushing re-installed. Excess tubulars were then laid out from the derrick while waiting on the 9 5\\/8\\\" water bushing before a 9 5\\/8\\\" spear assembly was made up and RIH and speared into the top of the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing. After lifting the casing 1m to confirm it was free the casing string was set back down and the spear assembly racked back.\r\nOnce the water bushing had been delivered to the rig the wear bushing was again recovered and the 9 5\\/8\\\" landing string RIH and made up to the top of the 9 5\\/8\\\" surface hanger. The POS- GRIP hanger element was released and the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing recovered from 620m to surface and laid out.\r\nAbandonment Cement Plug #2\r\nAfter the 9 5\\/8\\\" casing had been recovered to surface and laid out the cement stinger was again picked up and RIH to 615m. A CST was displaced down the string at 126gpm with 100-180psi\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 50 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nand set at 615m. The string was pulled back to 610m and the cementing assembly rigged up. With the lines successfully pressure tested to 1,000psi, 40bbls of 12.5ppg Tuned E spacer were pumped into the string with the rig pumps before the line-up was crossed over to the cement unit and 135.5bbls of 16ppg Class G cement was pumped. Throughout the mixing and pumping of the cement, density control was poor with the cementer struggling to hold the weight around 16ppg. The automated system was very slow to react when the density either dropped below, or climbed above, the required value. The string was lined back up to the rig pumps and 4bbls of 12.5ppg Tuned E spacer, followed by 4bbls of 9.8ppg drilling mud were pumped into the string. This under-displaced the cement by the 10bbls calculated by Halliburton cementing; and when the cementing hose was removed from the side entry sub the string was observed to be on suction. The string was pulled back to 280m, above the theoretical top of cement, and circulated clean. The stinger was POOH and laid out. While waiting on the cement to harden, excess tubulars were laid out from the derrick.\r\nOnce the 14hr waiting on cement period had elapsed the string was run in hole and the top of the plug was tagged with 10klbs at a depth of 359m. The well was displaced to seawater and a pressure test assembly rigged up. A pressure test to 1,400psi was attempted on the plug however despite multiple attempts it was not possible to get a good test. The string was pulled back to surface and a pressure test performed down the kill line against the closed shear rams. Using this method, a good 1,400psi test was obtained on the plug.\r\nDisplace well to Hi-vis mud and nipple down BOPs\r\nThe string was run back in hole to the top of the plug and the well displaced to hi-vis 9.9ppg mud. Following this the string was pulled back to surface, laying out all of the excess drill pipe on the way out. With the well secure the Diverter, BOPs and Wellhead were nippled down prior to the recovery of the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing.\r\nRecovery of the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing\r\nThe 13 3\\/8\\\" power tong and handling equipment was rigged up before picking up the 13 3\\/8\\\" landing string complete with running tool. The assembly was RIH to 12m and 10 right hand turns were then applied to engage the landing string with the surface hanger. An attempt was made to back out the 13 3\\/8\\\" string from the mudline hanger MLS with 10-15klbs overpull and 20kftlbs torque with no success. It was suspected that excess cement was present around the tie back area preventing back out of the 13 3\\/8\\\" string at the MLS. The 13 3\\/8\\\" casing cutting assembly was then picked up and RIH on 2 stands of HWDP to place cutters at 61.5m. Casing cutting was initiated with 145gpm, 1790psi, 110rpm and 2-6kftlbs torque. After approximately 5 minutes a loss of pressure and a reduction in torque were observed giving a good indication of successful cut. The cutting assembly was then POOH and the handling equipment changed out from 5\\\" to 13 3\\/8\\\". The 13 3\\/8\\\" landing string complete with running tool was picked up and RIH to 12m, the running tool was engaged onto the surface hanger with 10 right hand turns. The 13 3\\/8\\\" casing string was then recovered from 61.5m to surface with no further issues and the handling equipment rigged down.\r\nCutting the 30\\\" Conductor\r\nA 30\\\" casing cutter assembly was made up and RIH to place the cutters at a depth of 60.5m; one metre above the top of the 13 3\\/8\\\" casing stump. The 30\\\" conductor was then cut with 122- 132gpm, 620-1338psi, 100rpm and 3-5kftlbs torque. After approximately one hour a good indication of the conductor being cut was observed; with a total loss of returns, a reduction in torque to 2kftlbs and the conductor being seen to rise 6\\\" on the tension system at the Texas deck.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 51 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nAbandonment Cement Plug #3 (Environmental Plug)\r\nSubsequent to the cutting of the 30\\\" conductor, a string of open ended 5\\\" drill pipe was picked up and RIH to 84m. The cementing assembly was rigged up and 40bbls of seawater pumped as a spacer ahead of the cement using the rig pumps. Once the spacer was in the hole the cement unit was lined up and 45bbls of 16.2ppg slurry was pumped at 2.2-3.7bpm, 132- 314psi. Two barrels of seawater were then pumped behind the cement to clear the lines to the rig floor and a third barrel was pumped to displace the cement; allowing for the calculated 2bbls under-displacement. When the cement hose was removed from the side entry sub at the rig floor the pipe was observed to be on suction. As the 30\\\" conductor had been cut prior to the cement job there were no returns at the top of the conductor during cementing, with all returns going out through the cut to seabed.\r\nRecovery of the 30\\\" Conductor\r\nWith cementing completed the string was POOH and racked back. The 30\\\" casing spear was picked up and engaged in the top of the conductor and the Aquaterra tension ring rigged down. Once the tension ring had been secured on the Texas deck away from the conductor the conductor was POOH from 60m and laid out, completing the plug and abandon activities on Colter 98\\/11-6z.\r\n3.16 Rig Down & Demobilisation\r\nPlanned time (days)\r\n7.37\r\nPlanned depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nActual time (days)\r\n10.73\r\nActual depth (m)\r\nN\\/A\r\nNPT (days)\r\n4.50\r\nLost time events\r\n. 63.0 hrs - WOW - Wind and sea state outside of rig move specifications\r\n. 45.0 hrs - WOW - Sea\\/Tide conditions unsuitable for entry to Hartlepool Harbour.\r\nObjectives:\r\n· Rig down and backload equipment to the supply vessel safely and efficiently.\r\n. Attach tow vessels and commence rig move to Hartlepool from The Colter Well Location.\r\nWhat went well:\r\n· Rigged down and backloaded equipment in a safe and efficient manner.\r\n· Successfully towed rig off location\r\nWhat did not go well:\r\n. WOW - Sea state and tides not suitable to commence rig move.\r\n· WOW - Sea state and tides not suitable to move rig into harbour.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 52 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nRig Down & Demobilise\r\nAll tubulars were laid out and backloaded to the supply vessel in preparation for the move to Hartlepool. The Texas deck and access stairs were rigged down prior to traversing the drilling package into the tow position and securing. Once the deck cargo had been backloaded to the supply vessel, the decks were cleared and the standpipe jumper hoses were rigged down, the cantilever was skidded inboard into the towing position. Final sea fastenings were installed concurrently to recovering bulk hoses and securing on deck.\r\nWith the equipment backloaded and the drilling package and cantilever skidded in and secured, the rig commenced WOW for sufficiently calm conditions to enable towing. As there was no apparent weather window for 2 further days the mobilisation of the tow vessels was delayed preventing them sitting at standby on full rate. After WOW 63hrs for the weather to improve, the rig jacked down to a 3m airgap and connected the tow vessels Boka Sherpa and Fairmount Glacier before jacking down to a 2m float draft and performing water tight integrity checks. The legs were jacked up into the towing position and the rig commenced tight tow from the Colter well location, exiting the 500m zone at 14:36 on the 17th March 2019.\r\nThe 507nm tow was completed without incident, with the rig arriving at the Able Seaton Port Hartlepool outside Fairway Buoy at 16:40 on the 21st March 2019. However, weather and tide condition prevented the rig entering the harbour for a further 40.5hrs, during which time the rig was circled outside the fairway buoy. Once weather and tide conditions permitted the rig was towed into the harbour and the tow transferred to the harbour tugs; Tug Fiery Cross to starboard Aft, Tug Sviter Redbridge to Port Aft, Tug Sviter Marton to Starboard Bow and tug Ormsby Cross to Port Bow. With the harbour tugs connected the Ensco 72 was manoeuvred to the quayside and the legs jacked down. The harbour tugs were released and the rig jacked up to minimum airgap, the rig was signed off contract at 17:56 on the 23rd of March 2019.\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 53 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\n4 Appendices\r\nAppendix A Final Well Status Diagram\r\nRegion:\r\nPoole Bay\r\nWell Operator:\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nField:\r\nColter\r\nLicense Operator:\r\nCorallian Energy\r\nWell Name:\r\n98\\/11-6z\r\nLicense Number:\r\nP1918\r\nRig Contractor:\r\nEnsco\r\nRig Name:\r\nEnsco 72\r\nSurface Location:\r\nLat: 50° 39' 16.860\\\" N\r\nRTE (above MSL): Water Depth:\r\n40.37 m\r\nWell TD Location:\r\nLat: 50° 39' 26.480\\\" N\r\nGroup\r\nFormation\r\nMDBRT\\/ TVDSS\r\nMD (BRT)\r\nTVD (SS)\r\nInc\r\nRKE\r\n0\\/-40.37 40.37\\/ 0\r\nMSL\r\nSize\r\nWt\\/ Grade\r\nConn\r\nFrom\r\nTo\r\nUndiff. \\/ Chalk\r\n58.87 \\/ 18.5\r\n58.9\r\n18.5\r\n0.0\r\nSeabed\r\n30'\r\n310\\/X52 RL-4\r\n60.5\r\n104.1\r\n60.5 \\/ 21.5\r\n60.5\r\n20.1\r\n0.0\r\n30\\\" Conductor Cut Point\r\n13.3\\/8\\\"\r\n68\\/L80\r\nTOP\r\n61.5\r\n835.2\r\n9.5\\/8\\\"\r\n47 \\/L80\r\nVAM\r\n620\r\n1,118.1\r\nDrilling Fluid\r\nSection\r\nType\r\nWeight (ppg)\r\n36\r\nSeawater \\/ PHB Sweeps\r\n8.7-9.5\r\n17.1\\/2\\\"\r\nKCI Glycol WBM\r\n12.1\\/4\\\"\r\nKCI Glycol WBM\r\n9.5-10.5\r\n8.1\\/2\\\"\r\nKCI Glycol WBM\r\n9.5-10.5\r\nCement\r\nJob\r\nLead\r\nTail\r\nTOC\r\nOH XS\r\n30'\r\nClass G\r\nSeabed\r\n200\r\n13.3\\/8\r\nClass G\r\nClass G\r\nSeabed\r\n50\r\n9.5\\/8\\\"\r\nClass G 13.5ppg\r\nCl365 G\r\n670\r\nLower Chalk\r\n501 \\/ 460.63\r\n501.0\r\n400.6\r\n0.6\r\nCasing Tests\r\nCasing\r\nDetails\r\nUpper Greensand\r\n559.0\r\n518.6\r\n0.6\r\n13.3\\/8'\r\n300\\/2,500psi for 5\\/15min\r\n9.5\\/8\\\"\r\n300\\/2,500psi for 5\\/15min\r\n615.0\r\n574.6\r\nCST\\/Bottom Plug#2\r\n620.0\r\n579.6\r\n620m 9 5\\/8\\\" Casing Cut\r\nShoe\r\nDepth TVDss\r\nMud Wt\r\nEMW\r\nPS\r\nWealden\r\n824 \\/ 583.63\r\n624.0\r\n583.6\r\n10\r\n13.3\\/8\\\"\r\n796\r\n9.4\r\n11.6\r\n314\r\n670.0\r\n629.6\r\n9 5\\/8\\\" TTOC\r\n9.5\\/8\\\"\r\n1,079\r\n10.0\r\n12.1\r\n400\r\nFlow Capable Zones\r\nFormation\r\nTop TVDss\r\nBas\r\nFluid type\r\nEMW ppg\r\nCombrash\r\n1024.3\r\n1043.2\r\nHC\r\n8.6\r\nKimmeridge\r\n797 \\/ 756.63\r\n797.0\r\n756.6\r\n2.0\r\nBridport\r\n1189.3\r\n1260.9\r\nWater\r\n8.6\r\nSherwood Sst\r\n1762.2\r\nWater\\/Trace\r\n9.0\r\nAbandonment Plugs\r\nPlug No.\r\nTop\r\nBas\r\nSupport\r\nVerified\r\nOxford Clay\r\n909 \\/ 868.5\r\n909.0\r\n868.5\r\n2.0\r\n950.0\r\n909.6\r\nStart of oz Sidetrack\r\nKellaway Beds\r\n1051 \\/ 1010.3\r\n1051.0\r\n1010.3\r\n5.2\r\nCombrash\r\n1065 \\/ 1024.3\r\n1065.0\r\n1024.3\r\n5.5\r\n9.4ppg KCI polymer WBM\r\nForrest Marble\r\n1084 \\/ 1043.2\r\n1084.0\r\n1043.2\r\n5.9\r\nFrome Clay\r\n1004 \\/ 1053.1\r\n1094.0\r\n1053.1\r\n7.4\r\n9.5\\/8\\\" Casing Shoe\r\n11.0\r\n17.4\r\nBridport Sand\r\n1234 \\/ 1189.3\r\n1234.0\r\n1189.3\r\n16.8\r\nDowncliff Clay\r\n1309 \\/ 1260.9\r\n1309.0\r\n1260.9\r\n18.0\r\n19.2\r\nLower Lias\r\n1423 \\/ 1369.2\r\n1423.0\r\n1369.2\r\n18.7\r\nWhite Lias\r\n1478.5\\/ 1421.6\r\n1478.5\r\n1421.6\r\n20.5\r\nCotham & Westbury\r\n1491 \\/ 1433.2\r\n1491.0\r\n1433.2\r\n20.3\r\nMercia Mudstone\r\n1536 \\/ 1475.5\r\n1536.0\r\n1475.5\r\n19.4\r\n1587.0\r\nTop of Plug#1\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n1863 \\/ 1762.2\r\n1863.0\r\n1762.2\r\n38.7\r\nPlug #1 323m\r\n1910.0\r\n1799.4\r\n37.8\r\n8 1\\/2\\\" Hole Section TD\r\nUpdated By: Craig Lindsay\r\nDate: 13\\/03\\/2019\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 54 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nL\r\nTrajectory\r\nComments\r\nWell Data\r\nt\r\nh\r\nCasing \\/ Tubing (In Hole)\r\nMSL\r\n61.5\r\n21.1\r\n0.0\r\n13-3\\/8\\\" Cut Point\r\n63.1 \\/ 24.1\r\n63.1\r\n22.7\r\n0.0\r\nButtweld Sub\r\n84.0\r\n43.6\r\nTop of Hi Vis Pill\r\n104.1\r\n63.7\r\n0.4\r\n30\\\" Conductor Shoe\r\nHi Vis Pill (9.8ppg)\r\n359.0\r\n318.6\r\nTop of Plug#2\r\nPlug #2 256m\r\nGault Clay\r\n559 \\/ 518.63 568 \\/ 527.63\r\n568.0\r\n527.6\r\n0.7\r\nPurbeck Beds\r\n735 \\/ 694.63\r\n735.0\r\n694.6\r\n1.0\r\nPortland Limestone\r\n788 \\/ 747.63\r\n788.0\r\n747.6\r\n2.0\r\n835.2\r\n794.8\r\n22\r\n13.3\\/8\\\" Casing shoe\r\n1.587\r\n1.910\r\nTD\r\nTag to 10klbs.\r\nTag to 5klbs.\r\n#2\r\n359\r\n615\r\nCST\r\nPressure Test\r\n1,400psi\r\nComments\r\nPlug #1: Combination barrier Plug #2: Combination barrier\r\nPlug#2: 1,400psi pressure test\r\n1118.1\r\nFullers Earth\r\n1162 \\/ 1120.2\r\n1162.0\r\n1120.2\r\nInferior Oolite\r\n1229.5 \\/ 1185.3\r\n1229.5\r\n1185.3\r\nJunction Bed\r\n1419 \\/ 1365.4\r\n1419.0\r\n1305.4\r\nmdbrt\r\nmdbrt\r\nWater\\/Trace\r\n1600g\r\n13.2ppg\r\n1600g\r\n98\\/11-6z Well Schematic\r\nLong: 01° 49' 49.547\\\" W\r\nLong: 01° 49' 49.420\\\" W\r\n18.50 m\r\nWell Diagram\r\nCement Cap\r\nVAM\r\nTOF\r\n1600g\r\nFIT\r\nTVDss\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nAppendix B Time Depth Curve\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z Time Vs Depth Curve\r\n0.00\r\nRun & Cmt 30\\\" Conductor\r\n-Target Days\r\n100.00\r\n200.00\r\nRig Move & Prepare to spud\r\nDrill 36\\\" hole\r\n-Actual Days vs Depth\r\n300.00\r\nDrill 17.1\\/2\\\" hole\r\n400.00\r\n500.00\r\n600.00\r\nRun & Cmt 13.3\\/8\\\" Casing \\/ install wellhead & BOPS\r\n700.00\r\nSet Kick off Plug\r\n800.00\r\nDrill 12.1\\/4 sidetrack hole\r\n900.00\r\nDrill 12.1\\/4\\\" hole\r\nRun & Cmt 9.5\\/8\\\" casing\r\n1000.00\r\n1100.00\r\nAttempt squeeze #2, FIT acheived\r\n£ 1200.00\r\nFailed FIT, Cement squeeze#1\r\n1400.00\r\nDrill 8.1\\/2\\\" hole\r\n1500.00\r\n1600.00\r\n1700.00\r\n1800.00\r\n1900.00\r\nOpenhole logging\r\nP & A Motherbore & Sidetrack to 6z\r\nPrepare to move rig\r\n2100.00\r\n0.00\r\n5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00\r\nDAYS\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 55 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nDEPTH (m)\r\n- 1300.00\r\nP & A Sidetrack\r\n2000.00\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nAppendix C NPT Breakdown\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z Non-Productive Time Tracker\r\nQ\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nEA - Error Avoidable\r\nRA - Risk Acceptable\r\nILT - Invisible Lost Time (includes Slow Progress)\r\nREF\r\nSOAR\r\nSTART TIME\r\nFINISH TIME\r\nDURATION (HOURS)\r\nEVENT\r\nEA\r\nRA\r\nILT WOW ACTION REQ'D\r\nParty Comments\r\n1\r\n24\\/01\\/2019 10:00 24\\/01\\/2019 17:30 7.50\r\nArrived at Whitby standoff location. Disconnected En Avant from Port Bow and re-positioned to Port Aft quarter. Aligned rig on heading of 235°, Held JSA, pinned all legs and jacked up to 1.5m air gap. Connected deep wells 1, 2 & 3. Disconnected En Avant from Port Aft quarter and secured port Aft emergency tow line inboard. Released Union Lynx from bow. En Avant stood of outside 500m at 16:53. Union Lynx stood off outside 500m at 17:18\r\n7.50\r\nwow\r\n2\r\n24\\/01\\/2019 17:30 |24\\/01\\/2019 21:30 24\\/01\\/2019 21:30 24\\/01\\/2019 23:30 24\\/01\\/2019 23:30 24\\/01\\/2019 23:59 25\\/01\\/2019 00:00 |25\\/01\\/2019 00:30 25\\/01\\/2019 00:30 25\\/01\\/2019 01:30\r\n4.00 2.00\r\nHeld 75% preload for two hours. Pressure tested manual IBOP to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/10mins. Commenced dumping preload\r\n05\r\nWOW\r\nF\r\n0.50\r\n1.00\r\n1\r\nWOW\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\n7\r\n25\\/01\\/2019 01:30 25\\/01\\/2019 06:00\r\n4.50\r\n10\r\n05:00 10\r\nPressure tested automatic IBOP to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/10mins - good test. Continued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\n8\r\n25\\/01\\/2019 06:00 25\\/01\\/2019 12:00\r\n6.00\r\nTime Wind (kts) 09:00 29\r\nSea Ht (m)\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 0.5\r\n6\r\nwow\r\n12:00 25\r\n1.5\r\n6\r\n15\r\nTook on 67m3 of pot water from Union Lynx. Continued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects. Note: Union Lynx exited 500m zone at 11:50 to standby location for shelter WOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 15:00\r\nWind (kts) 25\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.5\r\n7\r\n1.0\r\n9\r\n25\\/01\\/2019 12:00 25\\/01\\/2019 18:00\r\n6.00\r\n18:00 22\r\n1.0\r\n7\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nCrews continued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects. Note: En Avant released from location to seek shelter at Flamborough Head. ROBs 370m3 fuel; 1600ltrs lube oil: 15m3 pot water\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 21:00\r\nWind (kts) 23\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.0\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 0.5\r\n10\r\n25\\/01\\/2019 18:00 25\\/01\\/2019 23:59\r\n6.00\r\n00:00 28\r\n1.1\r\n7\r\n0.4\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nSkidded cantilever 18ft aft of transom and connected mud jumper hoses. Commenced testing of standpipe manifold, mud jumper hoses and mud pump valves to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/10mins. Crews continued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\n11\r\n26\\/01\\/2019 00:00 26\\/01\\/2019 06:00\r\n6.00\r\n06:00\r\n1.0\r\n€\r\n1.\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nCompleted testing of standpipe manifold, mud jumper hoses and mud pump vales to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/10mins - good tests. Skidded cantilever inboard and secured same. Continued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location\r\n12\r\n26\\/01\\/2019 06:00 26\\/01\\/2019 12:00 6.00\r\nwow\r\n1.0\r\nF\r\n06\r\nContinued with housekeeping, PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\n13\r\n26\\/01\\/2019 12:00 26\\/01\\/2019 18:00\r\n6.00\r\n15:00 18:00 18\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.0 1.0\r\nSwell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 0.7\r\n6\r\n0.7\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location\r\nWind (kts)\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.1 1.1\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 0.6\r\n05\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\n15\r\n27\\/01\\/2019 00:00 27\\/01\\/2019 06:00\r\n6.00\r\nTime 03:00 06:00\r\nWind (kts) 46\r\nSea Ht (m) 2.5 - 3.0 4.0 - 5.0\r\n7\r\n6\r\nNOW\r\n4.0 -5.0\r\nContinued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\n16\r\n27\\/01\\/2019 06:00 27\\/01\\/2019 12:00\r\n6.00\r\n58\r\nSea Ht (m) 4.0 -5.0 5.0 - 6.0\r\n1\r\nSwell Period (s) 9 - 10\r\nSwell Height (m) 1.2\r\n10\r\nTake on ballast in preparation for rig move. Crews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint\r\nprojects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\n18\r\n27\\/01\\/2019 18:00 27\\/01\\/2019 23:59\r\n6.00\r\nTime 21:00 00:00 36\r\nWind (kts) 32\r\nSea Ht (m) 5.0\r\nSwell Period (s) 6\r\nSwell Height (m) 1.0\r\n6\r\nwow\r\n5.0\r\n13\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 03:00\r\nWind (kts) 41\r\nSea Ht (m) 4.0 - 4.5 4.0 - 5.0\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 1.5\r\n6\r\n1.0\r\nContinued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 09:00\r\nWind (kts) 37\r\nSea Ht (m) 3.0\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 2.0\r\n6\r\nwow\r\n20\r\n28\\/01\\/2019 06:00 28\\/01\\/2019 12:00\r\n6.00\r\n12:00 15\r\n3.0\r\nq\r\nContinued with housekeeping, PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 15:00 18:00 20\r\nSea Ht (m) 2.5 25\r\n1\r\n6\r\nWOW\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location. Time Wind (kts) Sea Ht (m) 15 21:00 1.5\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 2.0\r\n22\r\n28\\/01\\/2019 18:00 28\\/01\\/2019 23:59\r\n6.00\r\n00:00 15\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects. Note: En Avant on location 21:30hrs. ROBs: Fuel 358m3, lube oil 1600ltrs, Pot Wtr 40m.3. Note: Weather conditions still in excess of jacking limits at 00:00\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nSea Ht (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 2.3 - 2.7\r\n7.5\r\nWOW\r\n2\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 07:30 29\\/01\\/2019 08:00\r\n0.50\r\nJacked down from 10m air gap to 3m air gap\r\nWOW and favourable tide to continue rig move to Colter location\r\nWind (kts) 22\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.0\r\nSwell Period (s) 7\r\nSwell Height (m) 1.0\r\n45\r\nwow\r\n26\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 12:30 29\\/01\\/2019 13:00\r\n0.50\r\nConnected lead tow vessel Union Lynx to bow towing bridle. Connected second towing vessel En Avant 30 to port forward and secured port crane in rest for rig move.\r\n05\r\nWOW\r\n27\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 13:00 |29\\/01\\/2019 13:45\r\n0.75\r\nJacked down from 3m air gap to half floating draft and completed watertight integrity checks.\r\n0.75\r\nWOW\r\n28\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 13:45 |29\\/01\\/2019 16:45\r\n3.00\r\nContinued to jack down from half floating draft and raised all legs into secure towing position.\r\n3\r\nWOW\r\n29\r\n04\\/02\\/2019 07:30 04\\/02\\/2019 12:00\r\n4.50\r\ncomponents. Continued with housekeeping and PMRs rig wide. Time Wind (kts)\r\n4.5\r\nwow\r\n09:00 12:00 30\r\n31\r\nSea Ht (m) 2.5 2.5\r\nWaited on favourable weather for working boat and return of supply vessel Norsea Fighter with BHA components. Reinstated walkways to cantilever and wireline deck. Removed docking plugs from pre-load tanks. Cleaned and flushed mud pits. Continued with housekeeping and PMRs rig wide. Time Wind (kts) Sea Ht (m) 10\r\n15:00 17:00\r\n22\r\n1.0\r\nNote: Supply vessel FS Carrick on location at 14:45 hrs Note: Supply vessel Norsea Fighter enters 500m at 17:00 hrs\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 56 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n14\r\n26\\/01\\/2019 18:00 26\\/01\\/2019 23:59\r\n6.00\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nWOW to continue rig move to Colter location.\r\nTime 09:00 12:00\r\nWind (kts)\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m)\r\nwow\r\nContinued with housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects\r\nWOW to continue nig move to Colter location\r\n17\r\n27\\/01\\/2019 12:00 27\\/01\\/2019 18:00 6.00\r\n6\r\nwow\r\nwow\r\n19\r\n28\\/01\\/2019 00:00 28\\/01\\/2019 06:00\r\n6.00\r\n05:00\r\n21\r\n28\\/01\\/2019 12:00 28\\/01\\/2019 18:00\r\n6.00\r\nWind (kts) 28\r\nWind (kts) 22\r\n1.0 1.0\r\n2.3 - 2.7\r\nContinued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\n05\r\nwow\r\n25\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 08:00 29\\/01\\/2019 12:30 4.50\r\nTime 09:00 12:00 18\r\n1.0\r\n1.0\r\n30\r\n04\\/02\\/2019 12:00 04\\/02\\/2019 17:00\r\n5.00\r\n5\r\nwow\r\nWind (kts)\r\nTime 01:30 03:00\r\n14\r\nSea Ht (m) 0.5\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m)\r\n4.5\r\nwow\r\nWOW to continue nig move to Colter location.\r\nHRS LOST\r\nAction\r\nROOT CAUSE\r\nNo\r\nNo\r\nPre-loaded legs to 75%.\r\nA\r\nWOV\r\n4\r\n0.50\r\nWOW\r\nCompleted dumping preload and retrieved deepwell pumps inboard. Held JSA and jacked nig up to 10m air gap\r\n+00\r\n5\r\nSwell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 0.5\r\nTime 03:00\r\nWind (kts) 32 25\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.5\r\n5\r\nSwell Period (s)\r\nSwell Height (m) 1.0\r\nTime 09:00 12:00 22\r\nWind (kts) 23\r\nSea Ht (m) 1.0\r\n6\r\n6\r\nTime Wind (kts) 17\r\nTime 21:00 11 32\r\nTime 15:00 18:00 45\r\nWind (kts) 64\r\nSea Ht (m) 7.0 - 8.0 7.5 - 8.0\r\n7-8\r\n9\r\n20\r\n23\r\n29\\/01\\/2019 00:00 29\\/01\\/2019 07:30 7.50\r\nTime 03:00 06.00\r\nCrews continued with training, housekeeping. PMRs and paint projects.\r\nWaited on favourable weather for working boat and return of supply vessel Norsea Fighter with BHA\r\n25\r\nSwell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 15\r\nSwell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 1.0\r\nwow\r\n1.0\r\nSwell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\nWOW\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z Non-Productive Time Tracker\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nEA - Error Avoidable\r\nRA - Risk Acceptable\r\nILT - Invisible Lost Time (includes Slow Progress)\r\nREF\r\nSOAR\r\nSTART TIME\r\nFINISH TIME\r\nDURATION (HOURS)\r\nEVENT\r\nEA\r\nWOW ACTION REQ'D\r\nAction Party Comments\r\nROOT CAUSE\r\nNo.\r\nNo\r\n31\r\n07\\/02\\/2019 04:15 07\\/02\\/2019 06:00\r\n1.75\r\nWind Speed (knts) Wind Gust (knts) Wave Height (m)\r\n1.75\r\nwow\r\n05:00 06:00 34\r\n36 38\r\n3\r\n32\r\n07\\/02\\/2019 14:00 07\\/02\\/2019 14:45\r\n0.75\r\nUnable to break anti-rotation keys on connection between joints #7 and #8 due to partial alignment. Rig welder extended slot to allow correct function of anti-rotation system.\r\n0.75\r\nPartial alignment of 30\\\" joints\r\n33\r\n07\\/02\\/2019 15:30 07\\/02\\/2019 18:30\r\n3.00\r\n3.00\r\nTime Wind Speed Wind Gust 15:00 16:00 46 knts 48 knts\r\n3\r\nWOW\r\n17:00 42 knts 52 knts\r\nContinued changing mud pump liners from 6 1\\/2\\\" to 6\\\". Performed planned maintenance.\r\n35\r\n13\\/02\\/2019 12:30 13\\/02\\/2019 14:00\r\n1.50\r\nBuild up of sticky claystone\\/limestone cuttings observed in flowline. Unable to circulate above 650gpm due to flowline fluid level. Stopped circulating and jetted flowline with fire hose to clear cuttings build up.\r\n1.50\r\nBuild up in flow line\r\n36\r\nFWM-OPD-106 SQAR 001\r\n15\\/02\\/2019 11:10 15\\/02\\/2019 11:30\r\n0 33\r\nSilicalite tote tanks delivery blocked due to settling build up\r\n0.33\r\nSettlement of silicalite\r\n37\r\nFWM-OPD-106 SQAR 003 |18\\/02\\/2019 21:45 18\\/02\\/2019 23:15\r\n1.50\r\n1.50\r\nDamaged hose and fitting\r\n38\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 14:30 02\\/03\\/2019 15:00 2\\/03\\/2019 15:00 |02\\/03\\/2019 17:00\r\n0.50 2.00\r\nPOOH from 1110m to 308m.\r\n2\r\nFailed FIT\r\n40\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 17:00 |02\\/03\\/2019 17:15\r\n0 25\r\nFlowchecked well at BHA - static. Spotted 2 7\\/8\\\" handling equipment on rigfloor.\r\n0.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n4\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 17:15 |02\\/03\\/2019 19:45\r\n2.50\r\nPOOH to surface racking back BHA\r\nChanged out handling equipment from 5\\\" to 2 7\\/8\\\", Singled in hole from surface to 152m with 2 7\\/8\\\"\r\n2.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n43\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 22:15 |02\\/03\\/2019 22:45\r\n0.50\r\nChanged handling equipment from 2 7\\/8\\\" to 5\\\" and made up 2 7\\/8\\\" crossover to stand of drillpipe.\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n44\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 22:45 |03\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\n1.25\r\nRIH on 5\\\" DP from 152m to 704m.\r\nRIH from 704m to 1117m. Made up TDS and washed in hole with 150gpm, 150psi and tagged TD at\r\n1.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n46\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 01:30 |03\\/03\\/2019 02:15\r\n0.75\r\nPulled back to 1124.5m and displaced well to old 9.8ppg mud with 600gpm. 830psi Flowcheck well - static\r\n0.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n48\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 02:30 03\\/03\\/2019 03:45\r\n1.25\r\n1.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n49\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 03:45 03\\/03\\/2019 04:15\r\n0.50\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n50\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 04:15 03\\/03\\/2019 05:00\r\n0.75\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n51\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 05:00 03\\/03\\/2019 05:30\r\n0.50\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n52\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 05:30 03\\/03\\/2019 06:00\r\n0.50\r\nPumped 10bbls of 12.5ppg spacer using mud pumps at 243gpm, 98psi and displaced with 41bbis of 9.8ppg mud at 7-3.5bpm, 10-207psi. Removed cement lines, pipe observed to be on suction. Commenced rigging down pressure test assembly\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n53\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 06:00 03\\/03\\/2019 06:30\r\n0 50\r\nPOOH to 917m and rigged up pressure test assembly for cement squeeze. Closed UPR's\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\nPerformed cement squeeze\r\nPumped 10bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 610psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 350psi over 20mins.\r\nPumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 720psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 425psi over 20mins. Pumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 820psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 439psi over 20mins\r\nTotal of 36bbls of cement pumped with 25bbls injected to the formation.\r\nBled off pressure to zero with 10bbis returned\r\nFlowchecked well - static\r\n0.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n57\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 10:30 |03\\/03\\/2019 12:15\r\n1.75\r\nPOOH from 917m to 152m.\r\n1 75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n58\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 12:15 03\\/03\\/2019 13:00\r\n0.75\r\nRigged up 2 7\\/8\\\" handling equipment. Held TBT and prepared rig floor for laying out cement stinger.\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\nPOOH to surface, laying out 2 7\\/8\\\" cement stinger.\r\n1.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n60\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 14:15 03\\/03\\/2019 14:45\r\n0.50\r\nexcess equipment.\r\nPicked up 8 1%\\\" drilling BHA and RIH from surface to 500m.\r\n2.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n62\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 17:00 03\\/03\\/2019 17:30\r\n0.50\r\nMade up TDS and shallow tested MWD with 500gpm, 1950psi - good test. Broke out TDS\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n63\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 17:30 03\\/03\\/2019 19:00\r\n1.50\r\nNote: Extra caution taken when tripping due to high winds\r\n1.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n64\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 19:00 03\\/03\\/2019 20:00\r\n1.00\r\nCirculated and conditioned mud with 400gpm, 1150psi, working string between 1000m and 975m. Concurrently performed low pressure line test between cement unit, rig floor and BOP kill HCR at 500psi\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n65\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 20:00 03\\/03\\/2019 21:30\r\n1.50\r\nEstablished parameters and washed in hole from 1000m to 1110m with 150gpm, 300psi with no weight taken and no indications of hard cement\r\n1.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n66\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 21:30 03\\/03\\/2019 22:15\r\n0.75\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n67\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 22:15 03\\/03\\/2019 23:00\r\n0.75\r\n1.00\r\nPositioned string at 1090m and serviced TDS while WOC\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n69\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 00:00 04\\/03\\/2019 02:00\r\n2.00\r\nPerformed drops survey on TDS while WOC. RIH from 1090m to 1117m. Made up TDS and established parameters with 150gpm. 278psi.\r\n2.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n70\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 02:00 04\\/03\\/2019 02:30\r\n0.50\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n71\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 02:30 |04\\/03\\/2019 03:00 0.50\r\nCirculated bottoms up to an even 10ppg mud weight in and out. POOH to 1110m.\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n72\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 03:00 04\\/03\\/2019 03:45\r\n0.75\r\nRigged up pressure testing assembly\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n73\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 03:45 |04\\/03\\/2019 04:45\r\n1.00\r\nPerformed FIT to 12.1ppge - test unsuccessful\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n74\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 04:45 |04\\/03\\/2019 05:30\r\n0.75\r\nBroke out pressure test assembly. Made up TDS and pumped 20bbls slug\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n76\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 07:30 04\\/03\\/2019 07:45\r\n0.25\r\nFlowchecked well at BHA - static\r\n0.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 07:45 04\\/03\\/2019 09:45\r\n2.00\r\nPOOH from 308m to surface and rack back 8 %\\\" BHA\r\n2.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n79\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 10:15 04\\/03\\/2019 11:15\r\n1.00\r\nChanged out handling equipment from 2 7\\/8\\\" to 5\\\".\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n81\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 11:45 04\\/03\\/2019 14:00\r\n2.25\r\nCirculated and conditioned mud with 200-600gpm, 170-1100psi, 20rpm, 0.5kftlbs torque. Concurrently discuss forward plan with onshore support.\r\n2.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n83\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 16:30 04\\/03\\/2019 17:15\r\n0.75\r\nRigged up pressure test assembly. Flushed and pressure tested lines to 300\\/3000psi for 5\\/5mins\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n84\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 17:15 04\\/03\\/2019 18:00\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n85\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 18:00 04\\/03\\/2019 20:00\r\n2.00\r\nDiscussed result with onshore support. FIT approved by FWM and ENSCO\r\n2.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n86\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 20:00 |04\\/03\\/2019 20:30\r\n0.50\r\nRigged down pressure testing assembly\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n87\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 20:30 |04\\/03\\/2019 22:00\r\n1.50\r\nPumped slug and POOH dry from 1125m to 152m\r\n1.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n88\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 22:00 |04\\/03\\/2019 22:30\r\n0.50\r\nChanged out handling equipment from 5\\\" to 2 7\\/8\\\"\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n89\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 22:30 04\\/03\\/2019 23:30\r\n1.00\r\nPOOH from 152m to surface, laying out 2 7\\/8\\\" stinger.\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n90\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 23:30 |05\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\n0.50\r\nRigged down 2 7\\/8\\\" handling equipment and rigged up 5\\\" handling equipment.\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n42\r\n02\\/03\\/2019 19:45 02\\/03\\/2019 22:15\r\n2.50\r\nstinger, drifting all joints in V-door.\r\n45\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 00:00 03\\/03\\/2019 01:30\r\n1.50\r\n1125m with 5klbs set down.\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n47\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 02:15 |03\\/03\\/2019 02:30\r\n0.25\r\n3.50\r\n3.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 10:00 03\\/03\\/2019 10:15\r\n0.25\r\n0.25\r\nRigged down pressure test assembly\r\n0.2\r\nFailed FIT\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 13:00 03\\/03\\/2019 14:15\r\n1.25\r\nRigged down 2 7\\/8\\\" handling equipment and rigged up 5\\\" elevators. Cleaned and cleared rig floor of\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n61\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 14:45 03\\/03\\/2019 17:00\r\n2.25\r\nNote: Extra caution taken while tripping due to high winds.\r\nfor 10mins - good test\r\nPulled back to 1062m and circulated and conditioned mud with 150-400gpm, 280-1150psi, working pipe from 1062m to 1091m while WOC.\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n68\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 23:00 04\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\nWashed down from 1117m to 1118m, observed string to take 4klbs weight. Continued washing in to 1120m with steady 4klbs weight. Picked up clear of any soft cement and increased flow to 400gpm, 1177psi to ensure bit was clear. Reduced flow to 150gpm and washed in hole without weight to 1121.34m where string observed to take 10klbs weight. Increased flow to 550gpm, 1850psi and cleaned out hole down to TD at 1125m with 70rpm, 2-4kftibs torque,.\r\nNote: Bottoms up samples showed 100% moderately firm cement.\r\n0.50\r\nChanged out handling equipment from 5\\\" to 2 7\\/8\\\". Held TBT and rigged up to run stinger. RIH from surface to 152m with 2 7\\/8\\\" stinger.\r\n0.50\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n80\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 11:15 04\\/03\\/2019 11:45\r\n0.50\r\nRIH from 152m to 1115m. Made up TDS and washed in hole from 1115m to 1125m with 600gpm, 1115psi. Tagged bottom at 1125m with 3klbs set down\r\n2.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n82\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 14:00 04\\/03\\/2019 16:30\r\n2.50\r\nPOOH from 1110m to 1061m\r\n2.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n54\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 06:30 03\\/03\\/2019 10:00\r\n5\\/5mins\r\nDuring connection at 1, 140m TDS saver sub backed out of IBOP and remained in drill string. Attempted to torque up saver sub with pipe handler, unable to apply make up torque. Observed damaged fitting on pipe handler make up hose preventing torque being applied. Made up connection against rig tong and commenced circulating with 250gpm, 300psi and 20rpm. Replaced damaged fitting and hose. Adjusted pipe handler and made up saver sub. Reset pipe handler and broke out TDS from drill string.\r\nFailed FIT, Broke out TDS and rigged down pressure test assembly\r\nFailed FIT\r\n39\r\nObserved 10-20klbs drag at 100m. Reciprocated string and worked in hole to 109m, staging up set down weight to full string weight of 100klbs (180klbs MD) and obsening up to 620klbs overpull initially when pulling string free, then able to reciprocate string without drag above hold up depth. Observed DW clutch slipping at times when applying pulls over 600klbs MD\r\nw\r\nHang up of 30\\\" Conductor at 100m\r\nWaited on weather, wind speed exceeded crane limitations\r\n34\r\n08\\/02\\/2019 15:00 08\\/02\\/2019 18:00\r\n56 knts 55 knts\r\nHRS LOST RA LT\r\nSecured drill string at Texas deck with BB winches. WOW\\/Sea state to proceed with conductor operations. Reviewed Wx forecast and decided there was a weather window to run the conductor. Time\r\n30\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 57 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\nFailed FIT\r\nPOOH to 1119m. Rigged up pressure test assembly. Flushed and tested lines to 300\\/3000psi for\r\nClosed TPRs and performed injectivity test, max rate 0.5bpm with 530psi. Total volume injected 2.5bbls.\r\nHeld TBT and pumped 30bbls of 12.5ppg spacer using mud pumps 240gpm, 95psi. Lined up to cement unit\r\nLined up to cement unit and mixed and pumped 36bbls of 16ppg Class G cement at 3bpm, 228-247psi\r\n2.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n1.25\r\nPumped 5bbls at 0.5bpm, observed pressure increase to 620psi and maintain. With pumps off, pressure gradually declined to 400psi over 40mins.\r\nRIH from 500m to 1000m.\r\nCirculated bottoms up from 1110m with 400gpm, 1150psi, working pipe between 1110m and 1091m. Bottoms up sample showed 50% cement in returns. Cement soft to firm with WellLife fibres present. Gas peak of 0.6% at bottoms up reducing immediately after to zero. Reduced pump rate to 150gpm, 280psi and washed in hole to 1117m (1m above shoe) with no evidence of hard cement seen.\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 05:30 04\\/03\\/2019 07:30\r\n2.00\r\n04\\/03\\/2019 09:45 04\\/03\\/2019 10:15\r\nFailed FIT\r\nAttempted formation injectivity test at 0.25bpm, pressure observed to increase rapidly to 700psi with no injectivity. Pumps stopped and pressure observed to decline rapidly to 500psi before stabilising. Pressure drop of 1-3psi\\/min observed thereafter. Bled of pressure in a controlled manner. Performed FIT to 12.1ppge (400psi) for 10mins - good test, 0.8bbls pumped and returned.\r\n0.75\r\n03\\/03\\/2019 10:15 03\\/03\\/2019 10:30\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z Non-Productive Time Tracker\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nEA - Error Avoidable\r\nRA - Risk Acceptable\r\nILT - Invisible Lost Time (includes Slow Progress)\r\nREF\r\nSQAR\r\nSTART TIME\r\nFINISH\r\nDURATION (HOURS)\r\nEVENT\r\nEA RA\r\nLT WOW ACTION REQ'D\r\nParty\r\nComments\r\n91\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 01:15\r\n1.25\r\nPicked up 8 %\\\" BHA and RIH from surface to 280m. Note: DD and MWD scribed motor to MWD.\r\n1.25\r\nFailed FIT\r\n92\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 01:15 05\\/03\\/2019 03:45\r\n2.50\r\nRIH from 280m to 1091m.\r\n2.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n93\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 03:45 05\\/03\\/2019 04:30\r\n0.75\r\nMade up TDS and washed down from 1091m to 1122m with 150gpm, 320psi. String observed to take 4klbs weight at 1122m. Wash down through rathole from 1122m to 1125m with 600gpm, 1900psi, 70rpm, 1kftibs torque, no further restriction seen.\r\n0.75\r\nFailed FIT\r\n94\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 04:30 05\\/03\\/2019 05:30\r\n1.00\r\nHeld TBT for displacing well. Emptied trip tank. Displaced the well to 9.4ppg mud with 600gpm, 2200psi.\r\n1.00\r\nFailed FIT\r\n95\r\n05\\/03\\/2019 05:30 |05\\/03\\/2019 06:00\r\n0.50\r\nFlowchecked well - static\r\n0.50\r\nFailed FIT\r\n96\r\n08\\/03\\/2019 04:00 08\\/03\\/2019 05:00\r\n1.00\r\nBulk cement line blocked while weighing up cement. Rig crew cleared the line.\r\n1.00\r\n97\r\n09\\/03\\/2019 03:30\r\n09\\/03\\/2019 04:30\r\n1.00\r\nonshore support.\r\nRigged down 9 5\\/8\\\" casing equipment\r\n0.50\r\nWater bushing not on board\r\n100\r\n09\\/03\\/2019 10:30 09\\/03\\/2019 11:00\r\n0.50\r\nMade up and RIH with wear bushing retrieval tool to 11m. Retrieved wearbushing and POOH to surface.\r\n0.50\r\nWater bushing not on board\r\n101\r\n10\\/03\\/2019 06:30 10\\/03\\/2019 12:00\r\n5.50\r\n06:30 08:00 10:00\r\n66\r\n57\r\n3\r\n12:00 49\r\n3.5\r\nWaited on wind speeds to be within crane operational limitations to continued laying out 9 5\\/8\\\" casing\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m)\r\n49\r\n3.5\r\n102\r\n10\\/03\\/2019 12:00 10\\/03\\/2019 16:30\r\n4.50\r\n13:00\r\n53\r\n4.50\r\nWOW\r\n14:00\r\n48\r\n35\r\n15:00\r\n53\r\n3\r\n16:00\r\n2\r\nWaited on wind speeds to be within crane operational limitations to continued laying out 13 3\\/8\\\" casing Time: Wind (knts): Wave Height (m) 10:00 56 58 35 4.0 11:00 12:00\r\n2.75\r\nWOW\r\n104\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 12:45 12\\/03\\/2019 13:30\r\n0.75\r\nLaid out landing string and running tool. Changed handling equipment from 13 3\\/8\\\" to 5\\\".\r\n0.75\r\nMLS Unale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at\r\n105\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 13:30 12\\/03\\/2019 13:45\r\n0.25\r\nMade up 13 3\\/8\\\" casing cutting assembly to TDS. Function tested assembly with 100gpm and 60psi, good test.\r\n0.25\r\nMILS\r\n106\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 13:45 12\\/03\\/2019 14:15\r\n0.50\r\nMade up 2 stands of HWDP to casing cutting assembly. RIH to position cutters at 61.5m.\r\n0.50\r\nMILS\r\n107\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 14:15 12\\/03\\/2019 14:30\r\n0.25\r\nCut 13 3\\/8\\\" casing with 145gpm, 1790psi, 110rpm and 2-6kftlbs torque - good indication of cut observed with loss of pressure and torque\r\n0.25\r\nMLS\r\n108\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 14:30 12\\/03\\/2019 15:00\r\n0.50\r\nPOOH from 61.5m to surface. Racked back 5\\\" HWDP and laid out 13 3\\/8\\\" casing cutting assembly.\r\n0.50\r\nMLS\r\n109\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 15:00 12\\/03\\/2019 15:15\r\n0.25\r\nChanged handling equipment from 5\\\" to 13 3\\/8\\\". Picked up 13 3\\/8\\\" landing string c\\/w running tool. RIH to 12m and engaged landing string with 10 RH turns\r\n0.25\r\nUnale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at MILLS\r\n110\r\n14\\/03\\/2019 19:00 14\\/03\\/2019 23:59\r\n5.00\r\n20:00\r\n19 19\r\n20 2.0\r\n10\r\n11\r\n3\r\n04\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\n00:00\r\n19\r\n3.0\r\n11\r\n0.4\r\n02:00\r\n30\r\n36\r\n11\r\n111\r\n15\\/03\\/2019 00:00 15\\/03\\/2019 12:00\r\n12.00\r\n04:00\r\n32\r\n3.5\r\n6\r\n2.0\r\n12.00\r\n06:00\r\n34\r\n6\r\n1.5\r\n08:00\r\n36\r\n25\r\n6\r\n1.2\r\n10:00\r\n36\r\n25\r\nF\r\n1.2 11\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\n12:00\r\n37\r\n3.0\r\n38\r\n25\r\n10\r\nO.\r\n112\r\n15\\/03\\/2019 12:00 15\\/03\\/2019 23:59\r\n12.00\r\n16:00\r\n33\r\n2\r\n10\r\n12.0\r\n20:00\r\n29\r\n28\r\n10\r\n1.0\r\n22:00\r\n38\r\n28\r\n1.0\r\n00:00\r\n30\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\n00:00\r\n30\r\n4.6\r\n11\r\n11\r\n113\r\n16\\/03\\/2019 00:00 16\\/03\\/2019 12:00\r\n12.0\r\n04:00\r\n26\r\n11\r\n12.00\r\n08:00\r\n30\r\n2\r\n11\r\n1.0\r\n10:00 12:00\r\n33\r\n25\r\n10\r\n1.2\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\n12:00\r\n41\r\n31\r\n36\r\n11\r\n1.0\r\n16:00\r\n18:00\r\n39\r\n52\r\n10\r\n1.4\r\n20:00\r\n36\r\n55\r\n11\r\n20\r\n114\r\n16\\/03\\/2019 12:00 16\\/03\\/2019 23:59 12.00\r\n12.00\r\nTow Vessels on location at 12:00 hrs.\r\nROB Figures\r\nVessel Name\r\nFairmount Glacier\r\nFuel Oil (MT) 975.80 1978.04\r\nLube Oil (Itr) 14672\r\nPot Water (m\\\") 80\r\nBoka Sherpa\r\n52907\r\n184\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\nTime:\r\nWind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\n00:00\r\n25\r\n45\r\n11\r\n1.5\r\n115\r\n17\\/03\\/2019 00:00 17\\/03\\/2019 10:00\r\n10.00\r\n04:00\r\n20\r\n20\r\n10\r\n2.0\r\n06:00\r\n18\r\n10\r\n08:00 20\r\n10:00 27\r\n19\r\nJacked hull out of water to 3m air gap. Waited on favourable weather conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\n1.00\r\n117\r\n21\\/03\\/2019 19:30\r\n22\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\n4.50\r\nTow vessels circled outside fairway buoy and awaited favourable tidal conditons for pilot and harbour tugs o position rig at quayside at Able Seaton port\r\n4.50\r\n118\r\n22\\/03\\/2019 00:00 22\\/03\\/2019 12:00\r\n12.00\r\nto position rig at quayside at Able Seaton port.\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather and tidal conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\nTime: W\\/Dir\r\nW\\/Speed\r\n12:00 225\r\n24 Knts\r\n119\r\n22\\/03\\/2019 12:00 23\\/03\\/2019 00:00\r\n12.00\r\n16:00\r\n225°\r\n22 Knts\r\n18:00\r\n225\\\"\r\n20 Knts\r\n20:00\r\n275*\r\n15 Knts\r\n22:00\r\n275\\\"\r\n14 Knts\r\n00:00\r\n275\\\"\r\n20 Knts\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather and tidal conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\nTime:\r\nW\\/Dir:\r\nW\\/Speed\r\n120\r\n23\\/03\\/2019 00:00 23\\/03\\/2019 06:00\r\n6.00\r\n02:00\r\n275*\r\n10 Knts\r\n6.00\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather and tidal conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\nTime:\r\nW\\/Dir:\r\nW\\/Speed\r\n06:00\r\n225\\\"\r\n14 Knts\r\n08:00\r\n270ª\r\n14 Knts\r\n121\r\n23\\/03\\/2019 06:00 23\\/03\\/2019 12:00\r\n6.00\r\n12:00\r\n245\r\n15 Knts\r\nRemoved emergency towing lines from Port and Starboard quarters, released Fairmount Glacier at 11:10 hours\r\nVessel\r\nTime Fuel oil\r\n12:45\r\n589.2 MT\r\nLube oil 14342 Ltr\r\n105 M3\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather and tidal conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard. Time\r\nW\\/Dir\r\nW\\/Speed 15 Knts\r\n122\r\n23\\/03\\/2019 12:00 23\\/03\\/2019 15:30\r\n3.50\r\nAt 12:50hrs 2 x Pilots boarded the E72. Connected Tug Fiery Cross to starboard Aft, connected Tug Sviter Redbridge to Port Aft. Boka Sherpa Commenced shortening tow wire. Connected Tug Sviter Marton to Starboard Bow, connected Ormsby Cross to Port Bow. Released Boka Sherpa from tow bridal at 15:15, departed 500m zone at 15:25.\r\nVessel\r\nTime\r\nFuel oil\r\nLube oil\r\nPot water 117 M3\r\nTOTAL\r\n10.33 69.75\r\n261.75\r\nTotal NPT\r\n341.83\r\n20\r\n10\r\n10.00\r\n116\r\n17\\/03\\/2019 11:30 17\\/03\\/2019 12:30\r\n1.00\r\nTime: Wind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m) 0.7\r\n12:00 12:30 20\r\n0.7\r\n12\r\n0.7\r\nTow vessels circled outside fairway buoy and awaited favourable tidal conditons for pilot and harbour tugs\r\n12.00\r\n14:00\r\n225ª\r\n30 Knts\r\n12.00\r\n00:00\r\n275\\\"\r\n20 Knts\r\n04:00 06:00\r\n225\\\" 225\\\"\r\n14 Knts\r\n14 Knts\r\n11\r\n0.5\r\n00:00\r\n30\r\n22:00\r\n28\r\n3.5\r\n11\r\n1.0\r\n18:00\r\n31\r\n24\r\n12\r\n98\r\n09\\/03\\/2019 04:30 |09\\/03\\/2019 05:00\r\n0.50\r\n4.00\r\nMade up wearbushing running tool. RIH and set wearbushing. Laid out 20 stands of excess 5\\\" DP\r\nWater bushing not on board\r\nWaited on wind speeds to be within crane operational limitations to continued laying out 9 5\\/8\\\" casing Time: Wind (knts): Wave Height (m)\r\n57\r\n3.0\r\n5.50\r\nWOW\r\n103\r\n12\\/03\\/2019 10:00 12\\/03\\/2019 12:45\r\n2.75\r\n19:00\r\n24\r\n20\r\n10\r\n20 20\r\n5.00\r\n22:00 00:00 19\r\n2.0\r\nContinued with PMRs and general housekeeping while WOW for rig move.\r\n12:00\r\n37\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\n1.1\r\n14:00\r\n02:00\r\n30\r\n4\r\n06:00\r\n30\r\n11\r\nContinued to wait on favourable weather conditions to carry out rig move to shipyard.\r\n1.2\r\n14:00\r\n10\r\n1.4\r\nBulk Cement Line Blockage\r\nIdentified that 9 5\\/8\\\" water bushing not onboard for well control purposes. Discuss way forward with\r\n1.00\r\nAction\r\nROOT CAUSE\r\nNo.\r\nNo.\r\nTIME\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 58 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n3.50\r\nBoka Sherpa 15:25\r\n1862.06 MT\r\n52507Ltr\r\n245*\r\n10:00\r\n16 Knts\r\n6.00\r\nPot water\r\nFairmount Glacier\r\n12:00 245\r\n3344\r\n12:30 46\r\nUnale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at\r\nUnale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at\r\nUnale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at\r\nUnale to back out 13 3\\/8\\\" at\r\nPerformed PMRs and general housekeeping while WOW for rig move.\r\nTime: Wind (knts): Wave Height (m) Swell Period (s) Swell Height (m)\r\nWater bushing not on board\r\n09\\/03\\/2019 05:00 09\\/03\\/2019 09:00\r\n12:00\r\n02:00\r\n2.0\r\n11\r\n24\r\nHRS LOST\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z\r\nInitial On Hire Time and Date\r\n22\\/01\\/2019 10:00\r\nRig released from Colter\r\n23\\/03\\/2019 18:00\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nWell duration\r\n1448.00 hrs\r\n60.33 Days\r\nNPT EA\r\n10.33 hrs\r\n0.43 Days\r\nNPT RA\r\n69.75 hrs\r\n2.91 Days\r\nWOW\r\n261.75 hrs\r\n10.91 Days\r\nProductive Time\r\n1106.17 hrs\r\n46.09 Days\r\nNPT EA 1%\r\nNPT RA 5%\r\nWOW 18%\r\nProductive Time 76%\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 59 of 84 Revision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nAppendix D Bit Record\r\nBIT REPORT WELL : Colter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nBIT\r\nSIZE\r\nMAKE\r\nTYPE\r\nModel\r\nIADO\r\n1\r\n2\r\n3\r\n4\r\nDEPTH in (m)\r\nDEPTH out (m)\r\nTop (m) MDBRT\r\nDISTANCE Made (m)\r\nHOURS on Bottom\r\nRun AV ROP (m\\/hr)\r\nRIG GRADING\r\nWOB min-max \\/ Av\r\nRPM srpm\\/Tot\r\nK REVS\r\nFLOW (gpm)\r\nSpp (psi)\r\nINCL (in\\/out)\r\nAZIN (in\\/Out)\r\nDrive\r\nREMARKS\r\n6 7\r\n8\r\n20\r\n20\r\n20\r\n20\r\n115\r\n20\r\n58.9\r\n120.0\r\nTertiary \\/ Chalk\r\n61.1\r\n16.0'\r\n3.8\r\n3.8\r\nE\r\nIN\r\nNO TD\r\n3 - 17\r\n40 \\/ 152\r\n105.5\r\n1016\r\n1193\r\n8.7\r\n0.32 \\/ 0.38\r\n63.3 \\/ 34.7\r\nRotary \\/ Motor\r\nPumped 50bbl pre-hydrated bentonite (PHB) sweeps after each single drilled. Flow rate reduced from 1,200gpm to 1,060 gpm due to very high surface vibration and reduced ROP with higher flow rate\r\n2\r\n26\r\nVarel\r\nRC\r\nER1GJMRS\r\n129727105\r\n115\r\n103\r\n120.0\r\nCement Clean out run\r\n103\r\n17\r\n6.5\r\n2.6\r\n2.6\r\nE\r\nIN\r\nNO\r\nBHA\r\n5-20\r\n55 \\/ 160\r\n10.5\r\n1010\r\n1200\r\n8.7\r\nRotary\r\n26\\\" Cement Clean out Run 103.1 to 120m\r\nTFA 1.239\r\n20 20 20 16\r\nCreataceous Chalk\r\n439\r\n38.23\r\n1\r\n2\r\nG\r\n7-30 \\/ 22\r\n90 \\/ 205\r\n452.3 1044\r\n1762\r\nU. Greensand\r\n559\r\n0.57\r\n15.8\r\nF\r\nIN\r\nNO\r\n10-15\r\n90 \\/ 205\r\n7.6\r\n1030\r\n1880\r\nTFA 1.117\r\nGault Clay\r\n568\r\n56\r\n4 9\r\n11.4\r\n29-38 \\/ 32\r\n93 \\/ 208\r\n54.4\r\n1050\r\n1840\r\n9.8 ppg PHB 1\r\n0.38 \\/ 2.25\r\n34.7 \\/ 150\r\nRotary \\/ Motor\r\nUsed PHB Mud system to 492m and KCI mud system to TD\r\nPurbeck\r\n735\r\n53\r\n10.1\r\n52\r\n40\r\n90 \\/200\r\n118.6\r\n1000\r\n2150\r\nPortland Limestone\r\n788\r\n2.1\r\n4.3\r\n42\r\n90 \\/ 177\r\n21.4\r\n790\r\n1580\r\nKimmeridge Clay\r\n797\r\n42\r\n5.57\r\n7.5\r\n42\r\n100 \\/ 194\r\n64.8\r\n850\r\n1760\r\n13\r\n13 13 13\r\nKimmeridge Clay\r\n797\r\n70\r\n2.5\r\n28.0\r\n2\r\n3\r\nWT\r\nG 1.4-14.8 \\/ 6.8\r\n94 \\/ 187\r\n1000.0\r\n3200.0\r\n13\r\nOxford Clay\r\n909\r\n141\r\n3.2\r\n44.1\r\n1.4-14.8 \\/ 6.9\r\n95 \\/ 187\r\n1004.0\r\n2998.0\r\nTFA 0.778\r\nKellaways Bed\r\n1050\r\n33\r\n1\r\n33.0\r\n3.4-24.05 \\/ 9.6\r\n98 \\/ 190\r\n1000.0\r\n3208.0\r\nForest Marble\r\n1083\r\n10\r\n0.33\r\n30.3\r\n3.3-22.5 \\/ 7.7\r\n102 \\/ 194\r\n1003.0\r\n3316.0\r\nFrome Clay\r\n1093\r\n67\r\n2.4\r\n3.7-23.8 \\/ 16.4\r\n77 \\/ 169\r\n1004.0\r\n3429.0\r\nFullers Earth\r\n1160\r\n64\r\n3.2\r\n20.0\r\n1.4-26.1 \\/ 9.9\r\n84 \\/ 170\r\n944.0\r\n3068.0\r\nInferior Oolite\r\n1224\r\n5\r\n0.4\r\n12.5\r\n2.7-15.7 \\/ 9.7\r\n89 \\/ 171\r\n901.0\r\n2855.0\r\n12 1\\/4\\\"\r\nVarel\r\nPDC\r\nVB613PUXG2\r\n6016765T1\r\nM432\r\n839\r\n1870\r\nBridport Sandstone\r\n1229\r\n71\r\n3\r\n23.7\r\n1.5-22.2 \\/ 10.9\r\n79 \\/ 167\r\n964.0\r\n3296.0\r\n2.41 \\/ 0.09\r\n152.72 \\/ 167.03\r\nRotary\\/ Motor\r\nAchieved 35m\\/hr ROP throughout the section. Observed blocky and splintered cavings at shakers. Saved 4.58 days from estimated AFE time.\r\nDowncliff Clay\r\n1300\r\n128\r\n3.8\r\n33.7\r\n9.3-25.4 \\/ 15.5\r\n89 \\/ 177\r\n968.0\r\n3476.0\r\nWBM\r\nJunction Bed\r\n1428\r\n4\r\n0.3\r\n13.3\r\n18.1-25.9 \\/ 22.1\r\n89 \\/ 176\r\n953.0\r\n3319.0\r\nLower Lias\r\n1432\r\n55\r\n2.6\r\n21.2\r\n13.9-24.8 \\/ 18.5\r\n89 \\/ 177\r\n963.0\r\n3420.0\r\nPenarth Group\r\n1487\r\n47\r\n2.7\r\n18.1-25.9 \\/ 22.1\r\n90 \\/ 171\r\n890.0\r\n3008.0\r\nMercia Sandstone\r\n1534\r\n276\r\n16.2-30 \\/ 25\r\n118 \\/ 205\r\n953.0\r\n3583.0\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n1810\r\n60\r\n2.5\r\n24.0\r\n18.3-28.3 \\/ 24.1\r\n118 \\/ 199\r\n876.0\r\n3169.0\r\nTD\r\n1870\r\n2\r\n3\r\nWT\r\nG\r\n12 1\\/4\\\"\r\nVarel\r\nPDC\r\nVB613PUXG2\r\n6016765T1\r\nM432\r\n13\r\n13\r\nx\r\nIN\r\nBT\r\nBHA\r\n600 - 1000\r\n1280 - 3050\r\n9.8ppg KCI Glycol Polymer WBM\r\n2.4 \\/ 0.09\r\n152.72 \\/ 167.03\r\nRotary\r\nCleanout trip to 1870m TD after restrictions encountered while RIH with MDT at 1000m. Large volumes of cavings observed at the shakers, circulated clean until the volumes reduced to 5%.\r\n1\r\n1\r\nWT\r\nA\r\n1\r\n36\r\nVarel\r\nRC\r\nER1G\r\n1489016T1\r\n20\r\nTFA 1.841\r\n22 22 18\r\n18\r\n4\r\n1\r\nA\r\nWT\r\n17 1\\/2\r\nVarel\r\nRC\r\nESOV4\r\n1595282\r\n415\r\n120\r\nWealden\r\n624\r\n111\r\n9.28\r\n12.0\r\n10.2\r\n20-40 \\/ 36\r\n90 \\/ 200\r\n97.6\r\n1000\r\n1900\r\n9.4 ppg KCI Glycol\r\nx\r\nIN\r\nCT\r\nTD\r\n25.6\r\nN\\/A\r\nPolymer\r\n9.8pgg KCI Glycol\r\nA\r\n13 13\r\n13 1\r\nTFA 0.778\r\nFraser Well Management Ltd, Beacon Innovation Park, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, NR31 7RA | www.fraserwellmanagement.com\r\nMUD\r\nSERIAL No.\r\nJETS \\/ TFA\r\nAV\r\n(m\\/hr)\r\n5\r\nFORMATION\r\n11.5\r\nCT\r\nTD\r\n3\r\n839\r\n27.9\r\n17.4\r\n29.4\r\n4m\r\nColter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z End of Well Report\r\n2 Fraser Well Management\r\nBIT REPORT WELL : Colter 98\\/11a-6 & 6z\r\nBIT\r\nSIZE\r\nMAKE\r\nTYPE\r\nModel\r\nSERIAL No.\r\nIADO\r\nDEPTH in (m)\r\nDEPTH out (m)\r\nTop (m) MDBRT\r\nDISTANCE Made (m)\r\nHOURS on Bottom\r\nAV ROP (m\\/hr)\r\nRun AV ROP (m\\/hr)\r\nRIG GRADING\r\nWOB min-max \\/ Av\r\nRPM srpm\\/Tot\r\nK REVS\r\nFLOW (gpm)\r\nspp (psi)\r\nINCL (in\\/out)\r\nAZIN (in\\/Out)\r\nDrive\r\nREMARKS\r\n5\r\n6\r\n7 8\r\nColter 98\\/11a- 6z\r\n13 13 13 13\r\n909\r\n128\r\n1\r\n1 BT\r\nG\r\n5\r\n12 1\\/4\\\"\r\nVare\r\nPDC\r\nVB613PUXG2\r\n5863T1\r\nM432\r\n923\r\n1122\r\n10\r\n1.2\r\n8.3\r\n15.1\r\n4.3-21.6 \\/ 10\r\n40 \\/ 100\r\n700 970\r\n3000 - 3400\r\n10-10.5ppg KCI Glycol Polymer WBM\r\n2.4 \\/ 7.39\r\n152.72 \\/ 346.39\r\nRotary\\/ Motor\r\nKicked off after drilling through KOP. Encountered contaminated cement with cavings. Circulated clean multiple times to clear cuttings. Washed and reamed through multiple restrictions. Wiper trip done for better cleaning.\r\n12\r\n12 12 12\r\n0\r\n0\r\nNO\r\nA\r\n6\r\n8 1\\/2\\\"\r\nVarel\r\nPDC\r\nVB613GP2UXS2A1 6009014T5\r\nM332\r\n1122\r\n1125\r\nTFA 0.663\r\n12 12 12 12\r\n0\r\n0\r\nNO\r\nA\r\n6m\r\n8 1\\/2\\\"\r\nVarel\r\nPDC\r\nVB613GP2UXS2A1 6009014T5\r\nM332\r\n1125\r\n1125\r\nTFA 0.663\r\n12\r\n12\r\n12\r\nFrome Clay\r\n37\r\n2.1\r\n17.6\r\n1\r\n2\r\nBT\r\nN\r\n12 12\r\nFullers Earth\r\n67.5\r\n2.45\r\n27.\r\nx\r\nIN\r\nCT\r\nTD\r\nInferior Oolite\r\n1234\r\n75\r\n2.21\r\n33.9\r\nBridport Sandstone\r\nDowncliff Clay\r\n1309\r\n110\r\n3.69\r\n29.8\r\n6rr1\r\n8 1\\/2\\\"\r\nVarel\r\nPDC\r\nVB613GP2UXS2A1\r\n6009014T5\r\nM332\r\n112\r\n1910\r\nJunction Bed\r\n1419\r\n0.18\r\n22.2\r\n23.7\r\n1.52 - 30 \\/ 15\r\n60 \\/ 100\r\n550\r\n2000 2350\r\n9.4ppg KCI Glycol Polymer WBM\r\n7.39 \\/\r\n346.39\r\nRotary Motor\r\nDrilled to section TD\r\nTFA 0.663\r\nLower Lias\r\n1423\r\n55.5\r\n2.36\r\n23.5\r\nPenarth Group\r\n1478.5\r\n57.5\r\n3.69\r\n15.6\r\nMercia Sandstone\r\n1536\r\n327\r\n15.81\r\n20.7\r\nSherwood Sandstone\r\n1863\r\n47\r\n1.97\r\n23.9\r\nTD\r\n1910\r\nRevision: 1\r\nPage 61 of 84\r\nRevision Date: 31\\/05\\/2019\r\n7.39 \\/ 7.39\r\n346.39 \\/ 346.39\r\nRotary Motor\r\nBHA run in hole after 9 5\\/8\\\" casing cemented. Drilled out shoetrack and 3m of new formation. Unable to get FIT, POOH for cement stinger.\r\n11.0\r\nX IN\r\nON\r\nHP\r\n7.0\r\n70\r\n550\r\n2500\r\n-\r\n10ppg KCI Glycol Polymer WBM\r\n7.39 \\/ 7.39\r\n346.39 \\/ 346.39\r\nRotary ! Motor\r\nUnable to get FIT, POOH for cement stinger.\r\n12 12\r\nFrome Clay\r\n1094\r\n0\r\n0\r\n0\r\nx\r\nIN\r\nNO\r\nHP\r\n0.0\r\n28\r\n1.02\r\n27.5\r\nTFA 0.778\r\nOxford Clay Kellaways Bed Forest Marble Frome Clay TD\r\n1051\r\n33\r\n10.9\r\nx IN\r\nLT TD\r\n13 13\r\n12 12\r\nFrome clay\r\n1094\r\nاليه\r\n0.27\r\n11\r\n1094 1162\r\n1229.5\r\n0.2\r\n22.5\r\n1\r\n2\r\n4\r\nFORMATION\r\nFraser Well Management\r\nJETS \\/ TFA\r\nMUD\r\n9.3 3.02\r\n13.8\r\n1084 1094 1122\r\n10ppg KCI Glycol Polymer WBM", "vector_content": [ 0.027408497, -0.020406034, -0.0010670937, -0.022336526, -0.005576889, 0.009152263, -0.019624602, 0.038948834, -0.038854115, 0.030390082, 0.06929782, 0.025430957, 0.001039317, 0.004489033, -0.019916128, 0.04709635, -0.019085713, -0.00082123524, 0.019335587, -0.028498324, 0.028611934, 0.004219871, -0.013822692, 0.055177573, 0.013963698, -0.00475061, -0.008370754, 0.024286365, 0.028123032, 0.006038805, -0.01100644, 0.012863858, 0.010056317, 0.015584655, 0.02633578, 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"exportfilename": "98_11a-_6_rep_DRILL_HIST_325775295" }, { "@search.score": 0.52768743, "content": "Volume I - Contents\r\nPart 1: \r\n INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION\r\nChapter 1.1:\r\n \r\n Introduction and geological framework of the study area\r\n1.1.1:\r\n \r\n Research Aims and introduction\r\n\t2\r\n1.1.2:\r\n \r\n General geological framework of the Cleveland Basin\r\n\t2\r\n1.1.3:\r\n \r\n A brief review of Callovian - early Oxfordian ammonite \r\nbiostratigraphy\r\n\t9\r\n1.1.4:\r\n \r\n Lithostratigraphy of the Yorkshire Callovian to Lower Oxfordian \r\nsuccession\r\n\t14\r\nThe Abbotsbury Cornbrash Formation\r\n\t14\r\nCayton Clay Formation\r\n\t17\r\nOsgodby Formation\r\n\t19\r\nRedcliff Rock Member\r\n\t23\r\nLangdale Beds Member\r\n\t25\r\nHackness Rock Member\r\n\t25\r\nThe \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon\r\n\t26\r\nOxford Clay Formation\r\n\t30\r\nChapter 1.2:\r\n \r\n Review of previous palynological studies\r\n1.2.1:\r\n \r\n Review of selected contributions to Jurassic dinocyst studies from European areas, with emphasis on biozonations encompassing the Callovian and early Oxfordian stages\r\n\t32\r\n1.2.2:\r\n \r\n Previous marine palynological studies of the Bathonian to Oxfordian from Yorkshire and adjacent areas\r\n\t35\r\nChapter 1.3:\r\n \r\n Methods and study sections\r\n1.3.1:\r\n \r\n Field Techniques\r\n\t38\r\n1.3.2:\r\n \r\n Chemical Processing Techniques\r\n\t38\r\n1.3.3:\r\n \r\n Slide Preparation\r\n\t41\r\n1.3.4:\r\n \r\n Analytical Procedure\r\n\t41\r\n1.3.5:\r\n \r\n Details of study sections\r\n\t42\r\nChapter 1.4:\r\n \r\n Dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts)\r\n1.4.1:\r\n \r\n Morphology of dinocysts\r\nBasic organisation and orientation\r\n\t49\r\nShape and habit\r\n\t50\r\nWall relationships, surface and parasutural features\r\n\t53\r\nParatabulation\r\n\t54\r\nReview of non-kofoidian plate labelling schemes\r\n\t61\r\nVariation in kofoidian plate labelling (Gonyaulacaceae)\r\n\t73\r\nArchaeopyle\r\n\t75\r\n1.4.2:\r\n \r\n A review of the suprageneric classification of the order Peridiniales\r\nIntroduction and general considerations\r\n\t79\r\nSuprageneric classification of fossil dinoflagellate cysts\r\n\t80\r\n(Part 2: \r\n Systematic Palynology is in Volume II)\r\nPart 3: \r\n PALYNOSTRATIGRAPHY AND CONCLUSIONS\r\nChapter 3.1:\r\n \r\n Summary of main assemblage characteristics\r\n3.1.1:\r\n \r\n Early Callovian assemblages\r\n\t109\r\n3.1.2:\r\n \r\n Middle Callovian assemblages\r\n\t110\r\n3.1.3:\r\n \r\n Late Callovian (excluding the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon) assemblages\r\n\t110\r\n3.1.4:\r\n \r\n Early Oxfordian (including the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon)\r\n\t111\r\nChapter 3.2:\r\n \r\n Data Analysis - methods\r\n3.2.1:\r\n \r\n Data management\r\n\t112\r\n3.2.2:\r\n \r\n Quantitative analysis of data - Cluster Analysis, associations, and TILIA graphs\r\n\t112\r\n3.2.3:\r\n \r\n Quantitative analysis of data - Statistical analysis and dominance diversity index\r\n\t114\r\n3.2.4:\r\n \r\n Qualitative analysis of data\r\n\t119\r\nChapter 3.3:\r\n \r\n Critical appraisal and results of quantitative data analysis\r\n3.3.1:\r\n \r\n Critical appraisal of cluster analysis\r\n\t121\r\n3.3.2:\r\n \r\n Cluster analysis results\r\n\t125\r\n3.3.3:\r\n \r\n Results obtained from the analysis of marine palynomorph diversity, standard deviation, and dominance/diversity index scores\r\n\t137\r\n3.3.4:\r\n \r\n Terrestrial component of palynofloras- analysis of results\r\n\t149\r\n3.3.5:\r\n \r\n Definition of associations\r\n\t157\r\nChapter 3.4:\r\n \r\n Results of Qualitative analysis - Local Marine Palynomorph Biozonation (incorporating the results of the quantitative analysis)\r\n\t168\r\nChapter 3.5:\r\n \r\n Similarities and comparisons between the proposed dinocyst biozonation and those previously published by other workers\r\n3.5.1:\r\n \r\n Early Callovian\r\n\t177\r\n3.5.2:\r\n \r\n Middle Callovian\r\n\t180\r\n3.5.3:\r\n \r\n Late Callovian (excluding (?latest Callovian)/earliest Oxfordian \r\npaucicostatum\r\n \r\n Horizon)\r\n\t180\r\n3.5.4:\r\n \r\n (?latest Callovian)/earliest Oxfordian \r\npaucicostatum\r\n \r\n Horizon and early Oxfordian\r\n\t183\r\nChapter 3.6:\r\n \r\n Application of dinocyst biozonation - discussion\r\n3.6.1:\r\n \r\n Limitations of the proposed associations and dinocyst biozonation\r\n\t185\r\n3.6.2:\r\n \r\n Erosional control of data\r\n\t186\r\n3.6.3:\r\n \r\n The \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon Problem\r\n\t186\r\nChapter 3.7:\r\n \r\n Sequence stratigraphy\r\n3.7.1:\r\n \r\n General concepts and background\r\n\t190\r\n3.7.2:\r\n \r\n The sequence stratigraphy of the Callovian-early Oxfordian interval of the Yorkshire coast\r\n\t193\r\n3.7.3:\r\n \r\n Biostratigraphic calibration of sequences from the Callovian to early Oxfordian of the Yorkshire coast\r\n\t199\r\n3.7.4:\r\n \r\n Comparisons with the genetic sequence stratigraphy of the North Sea\r\n\t203\r\nChapter 3.8:\r\n \r\n Palaeoenvironmental interpretations\r\n3.8.1:\r\n \r\n Introduction and background information\r\n\t205\r\n3.8.2:\r\n \r\n Indications of palaeoenvironment observed in the studied palynofloras\r\n\t208\r\nChapter 3.9:\r\n \r\n Sequence stratigraphy, palynology, and palaeoenvironment - appraisal of results.\r\n3.9.1:\r\n \r\n Quantitative marine palynofloral characteristics and sequence stratigraphy\r\n\t214\r\n3.9.2:\r\n \r\n Model response of palynofloral characteristics (variance, diversity, dominance/diversity index) to relative sea level change and sequence development\r\n\t219\r\n3.9.3:\r\n \r\n Application of sequence stratigraphic and assemblage characteristic model to marine palynomorph associations\r\n\t222\r\nChapter 3.10:\r\n \r\n Conclusions and suggestions for future work\r\n\t227\r\nReferences\r\n\t232\r\nAppendix 1:\r\n \r\n Summaries of published zonations through the Callovian-early Oxfordian stages of the Jurassic found in the European, E. Greenland, and Barents Sea areas\r\n\t264\r\nAppendix 2:\r\n \r\n List of Dinocyst species recorded from the ?late Bathonian Scalby Formation, Long Nab Member\r\n\t277\r\nAppendix 3:\r\n \r\n Species data tables\r\n\t280\r\nVolume I\r\nPart 1: \r\n INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION\r\nChapter 1.1: \r\n Introduction and geological framework of the study area\r\n1.1.1: \r\n Research Aims and introduction\r\n\tThe aim of the present research is to explore the possibility of improving the biostratigraphic resolution through the stratigraphic interval Callovian to early Oxfordian of the Yorkshire coastal area using dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts). \r\n This is attempted by high density sampling of externally age controlled (ammonite dated) sections, together with detailed systematic and taxonomic treatment of the recovered palynomorph assemblages. \r\n Following this, the data will be analysed using both quantitative and qualitative methods, the results of which will hopefully enable an improved palynostratigraphic scheme to be proposed. \r\n In addition other related topics such as palaeoenvironments will also be considered.\r\n\tThe localities sampled are four of the measured sections published by Wright (1968a). \r\n The ammonite control is accurate to the subzone level in most instances, providing a confident calibration for any proposed biostratigraphic schemes. \r\n Figure 1.1.1 shows the distribution of Callovian outcrops in the study area (adapted from Wright 1968a) and locations of Wright’s (1968a) measured sections. \r\n The relevant sections used in the present study are (Cornelian Bay) the north side of Osgodby Nab (section 11 of Wright 1968a), Red Cliff (section 3 of Wright 1968a), Gristhorpe Cliff (section 16 of Wright 1968a), and Cunstone Nab (section 12 of Wright 1968a).\r\n1.1.2: \r\n General geological framework of the Cleveland Basin\r\n\tThe Yorkshire coast from Teesside in the north to Filey in the south is dominated by impressive cliff exposures of Jurassic sediments. \r\n Inland these sediments occupy an approximately triangular outcrop area of some 2,700 square kilometres. \r\n In the southwestern corner of this area the outcrop thins considerably and continues southwards into Lincolnshire (see fig.1.1.2). \r\n\tThroughout the Jurassic the geological evolution of northeast Yorkshire has been recognised to be distinct (although not markedly different) from adjoining areas (e.g. Lincolnshire). \r\n This observation prompted Fox-Strangways (1892, p.388) to refer to this gently subsiding depositional area as the Yorkshire Basin. \r\n Later, in 1971 Dingle proposed a more restricted Cleveland Basin with a sharp southern boundary marked by an east-west trending fault belt, the Howardian-Flamborough Fault Belt. \r\n The basin boundaries to the north and west can not be accurately located as the evidence has been removed by post Jurassic erosion caused by basin inversion (this erosion is also responsible for the present day outcrop pattern).\r\nFig.1.1.1\r\nFig.1.1.2\r\n\tImmediately south of the Cleveland Basin and the Howardian-Flamborough Fault Belt is a structure referred to as the Market Weighton Swell. \r\n This area appears to have remained relatively “buoyant” throughout the most of Jurassic evidenced by the thin and incomplete Jurassic succession preserved over its area. \r\n It is considered that the Market Weighton Swell acted as a northern hingeline to the East Midlands Shelf (Kent 1955, 1974) an area of shallow marine deposition for most of the Jurassic (Hallam 1992). \r\n Diagrammatic cross-sections illustrated in Kent 1980 (figure 25) clearly show the asymmetry caused by differential subsidence on either side of this structure (Dingle 1971). \r\n Northwards across the Howardian-Flamborough Fault Zone into the Cleveland Basin the Jurassic succession becomes very thick over a short distance. \r\n In contrast, southwards the Jurassic strata deposited on the East Midlands Shelf show a more gentle increase in thickness over a larger distance. \r\n According to Kent (1980) the relative thinness of Jurassic sediments over the Market Weighton axis can be largely accounted for by the attenuation of sedimentary units, rather than by the thickness of sediment removed by erosion. \r\n Figure 1.1.3 illustrates the main structural elements controlling Jurassic sedimentation.\r\n\tOn a broader scale the Howardian-Flamborough Fault Belt is thought to link with a complex fault belt that crosses the southern North Sea and the Netherlands to link with the Rhine Valley (Kent 1974). \r\n Further, the seismic studies of Dingle (1971) and the well-log studies of Bradshaw (1978) have provided strong evidence to suggest that the Cleveland Basin is the westerly extension of the Sole Pit Trough.\r\n\tWithin the Cleveland Basin itself, a further important structure has been recently identified by Milsom & Rawson 1989. \r\n Along the coastal region from north of Whitby to the Howardian-Flamborough Fault belt a series of approximately north-south trending faults occur. \r\n These faults form a linked system including the Peak Fault and Red Cliff Fault to define a narrow (5km) graben structure that follows the present day coastline called the Peak Trough (see figure 1.1.4). \r\n It was within this structure that the Jurassic sediments now exposed along the coast between the Peak and Red Cliff Faults were deposited (including two of the present sample sections Red Cliff and Cornelian Bay [N. side of Osgodby Nab]). \r\n Evidence for Jurassic syn-depositional movement is gained from thickness variations and facies changes from flanking areas into the trough (Milsom & Rawson 1989). \r\n Therefore it is possible that sediments deposited within the trough are not \r\n necessarily representative of the Cleveland basin as a whole.\r\n\tLower Jurassic sedimentation was initiated due to the widespread Liassic transgression increasing accommodation space in the Cleveland basin. \r\n The maximum depth of water was estimated to be in the region of 100 to 200 metres by Hemingway 1974. \r\n The thick succession (max. 454m) of Lias Group sediments deposited at this time were predominantly mudstones and shales, however, two sandstone units (Staithes \r\nSandstone Formation, and Blea Wyke Sandstone Formation) regarded to be indicative of \r\nfig.1.1.3\r\nfig.1.1.4\r\nshallow water occur (Knox \r\net al.\r\n 1991). \r\n It appears likely that the upper Blea Wyke Sandstone is related to a shallowing event caused by thermal doming in the central North Sea (Knox \r\net al.\r\n 1991 and Underhill & Partington 1993).\r\n\tThe unconformable succeeding complex sediments of the middle Jurassic are predominantly non-marine or paralic in origin (Ravenscar Group). \r\n Marine sediments occur at four main levels represented by the (Aalenian) Dogger Formation, and the Eller Beck and Scarborough Formations (Ravenscar Group, Bajocian). \r\n Marine macrofossils are rare in the non-marine or paralic sediments leading to poor age control. \r\n However the plant macrofloras found in these middle Jurassic deltaic beds are the world standard for this stratigraphic interval. In total three hundred plant species have been identified (Kent 1980).\r\n\tThe upper Jurassic is marked by a return to marine sedimentation caused by the re-submergence of the Cleveland Basin by the major Callovian transgression. \r\n This heralded the deposition of a series of shallow marine, condensed limestones and sandstones belonging to three marine cycles (Wright 1977, Hallam 1992). \r\n According to Bradshaw \r\net al\r\n. 1992 this sea level rise was probably initiated in the late Bathonian and occurred as a series of sharp pulses over a period of some 2.5 million years. \r\n By the beginning of the Callovian marine communication had increased sufficiently to allow a migratory spread of kosmoceratid ammonite faunas from Arctic areas (Bradshaw \r\net al\r\n. 1992). \r\n The earliest Callovian transgressive sediments present in the present day coastal area are of \r\nterebratus\r\n ammonite Subzone age (Page 1989) and belong to the variably chamositic limestones of the Abbotsbury Cornbrash Formation. \r\n This Formation is succeeded conformably by the deeper water shales of the Cayton Clay Formation which in turn pass gradationally into the predominantly shallow marine sandstones and chamosite oolites of the Redcliff Rock Member (\r\nkoenigi\r\n Zone), the lowest member of the Osgodby Formation. \r\n Then followed a period of erosion and minor flexural folding (an early structural inversion of the Cleveland Basin according to Bradshaw \r\net al\r\n. 1992) spanning a period of more than two ammonite zones, hence sediments of \r\ncalloviense \r\n(except at at South Cave, Humberside Calloman & Wright 1989) and \r\njason \r\n Zone age are not represented in the Cleveland Basin. \r\n The succeeding shallow marine sands of the Langdale Beds Member are of \r\ncoronatum \r\nZone\r\n, grossouvrei \r\nSubzone\r\n \r\nage. \r\n This period of deposition was again halted by erosion and minor flexural folding along different axes (Wright 1968a) before the deposition of marls and chamositic oolitic limestones belonging to the Hackness Rock Member of \r\nathleta\r\n Zone age. \r\n A further hiatus then occurs before the deposition of the \r\nlamberti\r\n Zone chamositic oolitic limestones of the upper Hackness Rock Member. \r\n However, in the southwest of the Cleveland Basin the Hackness Rock Member is replaced by silty shales characteristic of Oxford Clay facies. \r\n A subsequent deepening of the Cleveland Basin then resulted in the deposition of the Oxford Clay Formation of \r\nmariae \r\nZone age. \r\n The lowermost subzone of the \r\nmariae \r\nZone, the \r\nscarburgense \r\nSubzone, is present only in places along the coast and is very thin and condensed in character (Wright 1983). \r\n However, its presence at the coast is significant as this subzone is absent from many localities in N.W. Europe. \r\n Consequently, the “Golden Spike” locality of this subzone is located in Cornelian Bay (one of the study sections).\r\n\tAs the Oxfordian progressed accommodation space in the Cleveland Basin was filled resulting in shallowing and the deposition of the Calcareous Grit , Coralline Oolite, and Upper Calcareous Grit Formations of upper early to late Oxfordian age. \r\n A marked deepening of the Cleveland Basin in the latest Oxfordian due to transgression, and corresponding increase in accommodation space, then led to the deposition of the Ampthill Clay and Kimmeridge Clay Formations. \r\n The Kimmeridge Clay sediments are the youngest sediments preserved in northeast Yorkshire and they underlie the Vale of Pickering and are only poorly known from the coast (Hallam 1992).\r\n\tThe present day outcrop pattern is largely controlled by erosion of the Cleveland Anticline, a basin inversion structure. \r\n This anticlinal uplift of the basin was regarded to be largely intra-Jurassic and intra-Cretaceous with smaller Tertiary movements by Kent (1980). \r\n This was in opposition to earlier held views that the deformation was entirely of Tertiary age (Kent 1974, Hemingway 1974).\r\n1.1.3: \r\n A brief review of Callovian - early Oxfordian ammonite biostratigraphy\r\n\tSedimentary rocks of the Jurassic System are correlated using ammonites as the standard. \r\n These macrofossils are used as they provide a higher resolution than presently possible with zonations using other fossil groups. \r\n Consequently, ammonite zones and subzones are used herein to provide an external age control for the proposed dinocyst zonation. \r\n However, it should be noted that ammonite faunas are largely restricted to marine sediments, thus in areas where sedimentation was paralic or very shallow marine the ammonite zonal system breaks down. \r\n A good example of this is the Ravenscar Group in which only two of the eight formations/members present can be dated using ammonites. \r\n Microfossils however, and in particular palynomorphs, are less restricted and are much more abundant in their occurrence, therefore increasing their potential to rival the biostratigraphic resolution of ammonite zones/subzones.\r\n\tThe first person to realise the potential use of macrofossils to identify particular strata was William Smith in the early 1800’s. \r\n He originated the axiom that “the same strata are found always in the same order of superposition and contain the same peculiar fossils” (Arkell 1933, p.8). \r\n This early concept was quickly embraced and developed by subsequent workers such as D’Orbigny and Oppel into the first attempts of a zonal classificcation of Jurassic sediments in the late 1800’s. \r\n However, the first concerted effort to classify the Yorkshire Callovian sediments by their included ammonite faunas \r\nwas not until 1913 published by Buckman. \r\n In this study he tried to correlate the lithological matrices of ammonites from museum collections to descriptions of the coastal strata. \r\n Susequently, the known ammonite faunas of other areas were compared to museum specimens from Yorkshire by Spath (1933) and Arkell (1939). \r\n As a result many details of the zonal succession of Callovian ammonites present in Yorkshire were established.\r\n\tIn 1945 Arkell published a paper containing a table correlating a standard Callovian to Kimmeridgian ammonite zonal sequence with lithostratigraphic units present inland and on the coast of Yorkshire (fig.1.1.5). \r\n This is the first table to use standard ammonite zones for correlation, and as such it formed the basis of all subsequent work on the Yorkshire Callovian. \r\n The next major advance in the Callovian ammonite biostratigraphy was made by Calloman who in 1955 proposed a further subdivision of the lower and middle Callovian ammonite zones into subzones (fig.1.1.6). \r\n In 1964 he further revised the zonal scheme of the Callovian and Oxfordian. \r\n It was on this revised scheme that Wright (1968a) based all his age determinations for the stratigraphy of the Callovian rocks between Newtondale and Scarborough. \r\n\tMore recently, a major revision of the English lower Callovian has been proposed by Page 1989. \r\n In this paper revised lithostratigraphic names (see lithostratigraphy) and ammonite zones and subzones were proposed (fig.1.1.7). \r\n In that paper the \r\nmacrocephalus\r\n Zone was replaced by the \r\nherveyi\r\n Zone and the lower subzone was divided into two, \r\nkeppleri\r\n and \r\nterebratus\r\n Subzones. \r\n The former lowest subzone of the \r\ncalloviense \r\nZone was elevated to zone status, \r\nkoenigi\r\n Zone, and divided into three subzones \r\ngowerianus, curtilobus, \r\nand \r\ngalilaei\r\n. \r\n This revised stratigraphy is adopted herein. \r\n Additionally, Page also comments that the within these subzones a succession of eighteen faunal horizons can be identified, thus giving an extremely fine scale biostratigraphy for the early Callovian.\r\n\tIn the present study ammonite faunal horizons are not generally used for calibration. However, one horizon, the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon, is used. \r\n The age of which has not yet been fully stabilised. \r\n Because of this the author provisionally follows the interpretation of Calloman & Wright (1989) who at that time regarded the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon as transitional between the Callovian and Oxfordian. \r\n (For a fuller discussion of this horizon see the section on lithostratigraphy in this chapter and also the discussion in Chapter 3.6.3).\r\nfig.1.1.5\r\nfig.1.1.6\r\nfig.1.1.7\r\n1.1.4: \r\n Lithostratigraphy of the Yorkshire Callovian to Lower Oxfordian succession\r\n\tIn this section the main contributions to the understanding of Yorkshire lithostratigraphy after 1813, are summarised. \r\n Prior to this period Lister (1684) included all the formations dealt with here in his Group 2, Blackmoor Sandstone etc.\r\n\tEach formation is considered in two parts i.e. dealing with study pre- and post-1968. \r\n Further sub-sections dealing with the constituent members of the formations are given in some cases. \r\n As far as possible the original terminology particular to each piece of work is used, with some clarification where necessary. \r\n However, reference to now outdated ammonite zonal schemes in the older publications is largely avoided. \r\n Any lithological details given are usually confined to the more accurate post-1968 work. \r\n The lithostratigraphic nomenclature used follows that of Page 1989.\r\nThe Abbotsbury Cornbrash Formation\r\n (A.C.F.)\r\nStudy pre-1968:\r\n \r\n The term Cornbrash was first used by William Smith (1815) for the thin, rough, shelly rock characterising this formation in southern England. \r\n He noted that the Cornbrash could be divided into an upper and lower part based on palaeontological evidence, a remarkable observation ignored by other workers for over a century. \r\n Originally Cornbrash was an old agricultural term for a rubbly substrate, \"brash\", on which \"corn\" and other grains could be grown. \r\n\tSubsequent to this several other workers in the early to mid 1800's published lists of fossils from the Cornbrash, in particular Phillips (1829) and Bean (1838).\r\n\tIn 1857 Lycett made the the suggestion that, based upon palaeontology, the Cornbrash should be treated as a distinct \"stage\" equal in importance to the entire Great Oolite below. \r\n This observation was largely overlooked by other workers until it was acknowledged by Arkell (1933).\r\n\tThe first recognisable lithological descriptions of the Cornbrash were published by Wright (1860). \r\n The formation was described from the Scarborough coastal area (?Gristhorpe Cliff), separated from the \"Kelloways Rock\" by the \"Clays of the Cornbrash\" (See also Cayton Clay Formation).\r\n\tHudleston (1874) referred to the Cornbrash together with the immediately overlying shale as the highest fossiliferous zone of the Inferior Oolite.\r\n\tThe first major piece of work on the Yorkshire Cornbrash was that of Fox-Strangways (1892). \r\n In this he concluded that based upon comparisons of faunal lists from the Cornbrash of both Yorkshire and southern counties the correspondence between the two areas is greater than previously reported. \r\n Using the same technique he also noted that the Cornbrash can be more closely related to the overlying Middle Oolite beds (now Callovian) than the Inferior Oolite beds (now Bathonian) below, regarding the Cornbrash to \"biologically\" represent intermediate passage beds. \r\n An \r\nabundant and well preserved fauna was recorded, making them, in Fox-Strangway's opinion, the most palaeontologically interesting beds of the Oolite series, despite their meagre thickness. \r\n Eight measured sections from the coast and further inland were presented, which included the first detailed references to the Cornbrash found at Cunstone Nab and Red Cliff. \r\n A more detailed section than previously published from Gristhorpe Cliff, and the earliest reference to the section found at Osgodby Nab (Cornelian Bay) were also presented.\r\n\tIn 1896 Cooke published a description of Cornbrash strata from a section located in Peacocks Quarry, Scarborough. \r\n Richardson (1911), in a review paper, did not follow the proposals of Fox-Strangways (1892) and confidently grouped the Cornbrash with the (Bathonian) Lower Oolites.\r\n\tThe next major study of the Cornbrash was in two parts published by Douglas & Arkell (1928 & 1932). \r\n In this work they investigated the stratigraphic distribution of the Cornbrash throughout England. \r\n In Part I the Cornbrash was divided into an Upper and Lower division based upon a marked faunal (from brachiopod and molluscan evidence) and lithological break present in the succession. \r\n In part II of this work (1932) aspects of the Cornbrash in Yorkshire were discussed resulting in two important conclusions. \r\n The first being that the Lower Cornbrash is probably absent in Yorkshire\r\n ; and secondly that the Cornbrash in southern England had been subjected to intraformational erosion. \r\n This latter conclusion in the light of future work has direct relevance to the Yorkshire Cornbrash (see also Wright 1977a).\r\nThis point had already been vaguely alluded to by Richardson (1911)\r\n\tIn a major review of the Jurassic system in Great Britain, Arkell (1933) stated that the Cornbrash is a transgressive deposit, like the Great Oolite, and so on stratigraphical grounds warranted separate treatment. \r\n The Lower Cornbrash he assigned to the \r\nClydoniceras discus\r\n Zone, and the Upper Cornbrash to the \r\nMacrocephalites macrocephalus\r\n Zone. \r\n Because of the easily discernable lithological and palaeontological division between the Upper and Lower Cornbrash Arkell (1933) proposed this junction as the Bathonian/Callovian Stage boundary.\r\nStudy post-1968:\r\n \r\n Wright (1968a) detailed all the sections used in the present study together with a summary of their sedimentary history. \r\n The Upper Cornbrash as found in Yorkshire was described, consisting of two units; \r\na\r\n1, Upper Cornbrash Formation- an impure, sandy, very fossiliferous limestone; and \r\na\r\n2, Shales of the Cornbrash- soft, grey, poorly fossiliferous shales. \r\n Measured sections were given from exposures at Newtondale, Langdale and Red Cliff. \r\n However, the paper mainly concerns the overlying units with the information presented on the Cornbrash intended only as a supplement to the work of Douglas & Arkell (1932).\r\n\tIn 1977, as a result of further study, Wright published a paper (1977a) in which the Yorkshire Cornbrash was defined as a formation, being comprised of two members \r\nfig.1.1.8\r\nthe Cornbrash Limestone and the Shales of the Cornbrash (originally \r\na\r\n1 and \r\na\r\n2 respectively in Wright 1968a). The Cornbrash Limestone was further subdivided into four units designated \r\na\r\n1-\r\na\r\n4, described in Table 1.1.1.\r\nTable 1.1.1:\r\n \r\n Sub-divisions of the Cornbrash Limestone (after Wright 1968a)\r\nSymbol\r\nDescription\r\nThickness\r\n(Max.)\r\na4\r\nFossiliferous, sideritic, chamosite oolite limestone.\r\n0.79m\r\na3\r\nRubbly, oolitic, fossiliferous micrite.\r\n0.14m\r\na2\r\nFlaggy, sandy, bioclastic limestone.\r\n0.67m\r\na1\r\nSoft, grey, fossiliferous sandy or silty Marl.\r\n0.12m\r\n\tThese units have complex interrelationships (see fig.1.1.8), \r\na\r\n2 being bounded above and below by erosional junctions. \r\n In places \r\na\r\n2 and \r\na\r\n3 contain clasts derived from \r\na\r\n1. \r\n Unit \r\na\r\n4 was described as transitional to the overlying Shales of the Cornbrash, a feature first recognised by Douglas & Arkell (1932). \r\n Although these subdivisions can be used in all the coastal sections, inland sections rarely show \r\na\r\n4, and \r\na\r\n2 has not \r\n been recognised at all. \r\n Additionally, at Newtondale the Cornbrash limestone attains its maximum thickness and includes beds thought to be older than \r\na\r\n1, assigned the symbol \r\na\r\n0 (Wright 1977a). \r\n Sections relevant to this study were described from Gristhorpe Cliffs and Cunstone Nab and Red Cliff.\r\n\tPage (1989) proposed a formal revision of Lower Callovian stratigraphical nomenclature and also suggested a revision of the standard ammonite zonation, both of these are adopted herein (fig.1.1.7). \r\n The Cornbrash Formation was renamed the Abbotsbury Cornbrash Formation (A.C.F.), consisting of the Berry Member (BM), equivalent to the Lower Cornbrash (\r\nsensu\r\n. Douglas & Arkell 1932), and the Fleet Member (FLM), equivalent to the Upper Cornbrash (\r\nsensu\r\n. Douglas & Arkell 1932). \r\n The FLM was defined as spanning units \r\na\r\n0-\r\na\r\n4 in Yorkshire. \r\n The Shales of the Cornbrash, formally included in the Cornbrash Formation by Wright (1977a), were recognised as a separate formation.\r\nCayton Clay Formation\r\n (C.C.F.):\r\nStudy pre-1968:\r\n \r\n The first probable reference to sediments belonging to the Cayton Clay Formation was made by Phillips (1829) who recorded argillaceous beds at the base of the \"Kelloway Rock\" from the Hambleton Escarpment.\r\n\tThe earliest definite record of this formation was published by Wright (1860) who described a dark blueish clay separating the Cornbrash from the \"Kelloway Rock\". \r\n These clays were termed the \"Clays of the Cornbrash\".\r\n\tSubsequently Hudleston (1874) referred to the Cornbrash and “its overlying shale” as the uppermost beds of the Lower Oolites of Yorkshire. \r\n However, in 1876 Hudleston included these shales, termed the \"Shales with \r\nAvicula echinata\r\n\", in the Middle Oolite Series. \r\n Details are given of the section found at Cunstone Nab and he noted that the shales consist of a lower portion palaeontologically related to the underlying Cornbrash limestone, and an upper portion possibly more related to the succeeding \"Kelloway\" group. \r\n Consequently he concluded that the shales straddle the boundary between the Lower and Middle Oolites. \r\n A further important observation made in this paper was the uniform thickness of these sediments over the whole area studied, varying from 8-15 ft.\r\n\tFox-Strangways (1892) referred to the C.C.F. as the \"Clays of the Cornbrash\" and noted their similarity to the Oxford Clay. \r\n He also made the observation that the upper part of the shales become more sandy and grade into the shaley base of the \"Kelloway Rock\". \r\n Although the \"Clays of the Cornbrash\" were grouped with the Lower Oolites Fox-Strangways (1892) stated that these beds (together with the A.C.F.) represent a passage into the Middle Oolites.\r\n\tIn 1911 Richardson mistakenly placed the \"Clays of the Cornbrash\" within the Lower Oolites, choosing not to follow the proposals of Hudleston (1876) and Fox-Strangways (1892).\r\n\tDouglas & Arkell (1932) regarded the C.C.F. as the lowest subdivision of the Kellaways Beds. \r\n In addition they proposed that the thin basal marl (now \r\na\r\n4) should be separated from the shaley clays above, and grouped with the Cornbrash limestones which it immediately overlies. \r\n Following on from this Arkell (1933) suggested that the C.C.F. shales are a northerly equivalent of the Kellaways Clay found south of the Market Weighton axis.\r\n\tWilson (1934) and Arkell (1945) also followed Douglas & Arkell (1932) and continued to group the C.C.F. with the lowest \"Kellaways Rock\" beds. \r\n Based on ammonite evidence Calloman (1955) regrouped the \"Shales of the Cornbrash\" with the Upper Cornbrash.\r\nStudy post-1968:\r\n \r\n In 1968a Wright assigned the \"Shales of the Cornbrash\" the symbol \r\na\r\n2, describing them as soft, grey, poorly fossiliferous shales. \r\n He also remarked on their constant thickness of about 10 ft. over the whole area studied (first noted by Hudleston 1874), the anomalous thickness of 6 ft. at Cunstone Nab being due to erosion.\r\n\tExpanding on his earlier work Wright (1977a) formally proposed the \"Shales of the Cornbrash\" as a member of the Cornbrash Formation and described in more detail the lithology of the shales (collected from Red Cliff). \r\n He concluded that they can be divided into two parts. \r\n A lower part consisting of predominantly clay 1.65m thick, succeeded by a more sandy clay 0.88m thick, marked by a sudden increase in fine sand content from 4% to 25%. \r\n The junction with the \"Kellaways Rock\" is defined by a \r\nfurther increase in fine sand content to 42%, together with the presence of \r\nTeichichnus\r\n burrows. \r\n\tPage (1989) elevated the \"Shales of the Cornbrash Member\" to formational status, renaming them the Cayton Clay Formation (C.C.F.). \r\n This formation combines the \"Shales of the Cornbrash Member\" with their southerly equivalent, the \"Lower Kellaways Clay\" a phosphatic subdivision of the \"Kellaways Clay\" recognised by Calloman (1955) and Sylvester-Bradley & Ford (1968)\r\n \r\n The formation is lithologically distinct and can be recognised from North Yorkshire to Dorset (fig. 9). \r\n It has a relatively uniform thickness of about 3m and consists of a dark shaley or silty clay, with a characteristic increase in sand content at its top. \r\n The macrofauna is of low diversity, and phosphatic nodules are common. \r\n The type section of this formation is located at Red Clif and is one of the sections studied herein.\r\nThe upper pyritic part of the \"Kellaways Clay\" is regarded by Page (1989) as part of the Kellaways Formation equivalent to the lowest part of the Redcliff Rock Member, Osgodby Formation in Yorkshire.\r\nOsgodby Formation\r\n (Og.F.):\r\nStudy pre-1968:\r\n \r\n In early accounts the whole of this formation was referred to as the Kelloway(s)/Kellaways Rock, the particular spelling varying with different authors. \r\n The name is thought to have been derived from Kellaways Bridge, Wiltshire (the type locality for these beds), and was first used by Smith (1815) who called the unit the \"Kelloways Stone\". \r\n Many of the subsequent workers called these beds the \"Kelloway Rock\". \r\n An alternative origin for the name is given in Fox-Strangways (1892) the source of which is given as a certain Prof. Ramsay. \r\n According to this version the \"Kelloway's Rock\" is named after a quarryman called Kelloway who extracted this stone.\r\n\tThe earliest account of these beds in Yorkshire is that of Phillips (1829) in which the main coastal exposures of the \"Kelloways Rock\" with their fossil content were recorded. \r\n Resulting from a study of this work, Oppel (1856) concluded that the upper part of the unit includes fossils of probable \r\nathleta\r\n age, which, in southern England, is called the Lower Oxford Clay. \r\n This fact was used in his argument to include the Lower Oxford Clay in the Callovian.\r\n\tThe first measured section published by Leckenby (1859) was of the succession found at Red Cliff. \r\n Unfortunately, the bed measurements given are all erroneous. \r\n Additionally, the character and exposures of the \"Kelloway Rock\" from just south of Gristhorpe Bay, northwards to Scarborough, and then a few sections inland are described. \r\n Leckenby (1859) also made the observation that nearly all the fossils collected come from the top of the unit.\r\n\tSubsequently, Hudleston (1876) also gave an account of the outcrop of the \"Kelloway Rock\", noting the rapid attenuation of the beds to the south. \r\n Measured \r\nsections are given from North Cliff and Red Cliff, its occurrence at Osgodby Nab is also recorded. \r\n From his observations he concluded that the formation can be divided into an upper 6 ft of calcareous/iron rich beds bearing a marine macrofauna, and a lower less coherent sandstone interval containing a noticeably less marine macrofauna. \r\n Hudleston (1876) also noted that the upper beds south of Red Cliff are in places, either absent or \"not equally fossiliferous\". \r\n Further, he commented that the upper beds contain ammonite faunas of two geological divisions which led him to regard this upper part of the Yorkshire \"Kelloway Rock\" as stratigraphically equivalent to most of the Oxfordian in southern England\r\n . \r\n The misnomer \"Kelloway rock\" was used deliberately in the paper to distinguish the Yorkshire beds from the \"Kellaways Rock\" encountered south of the Humber.\r\nA conclusion already drawn by Oppel (1856)\r\n\tFox-Strangways (1892) reiterated the views of Hudleston (1876) and commented on the great variation in lithological character of the \"Kellaways Rock\" with location and the extraordinary diversity of the cephalopod fauna. \r\n Details of sections from the coast and inland of Yorkshire were described at length.\r\n\tDealing with ammonites solely from museum collections Buckman (1913) attempted to match the matrices of individual specimens to the horizon from whence they came by using the lithological descriptions given in Hudleston (1876) and Fox-Strangways (1892). \r\n As a result he hoped to establish an ammonite zonation for the Yorkshire area. \r\n Unfortunately, both the lithological descriptions, and Buckman's knowledge of the ammonite succession elsewhere were inaccurate rendering the zonation of little value.\r\n\tAn important piece of work, overlooked by some English geologists (due to its publication in a relatively unknown journal in this country) was that of Brinkman (1926). \r\n The paper investigated the theory of intermittent sedimentation at basin margins, using the Scarborough coast as an illustrative example. \r\n Unfortunately he did not document the precise details and locations on which his observations were made. \r\n Nevertheless, Brinkman noted two important conclusions, these being the laterally continuous nature of several chamosite oolite beds throughout the Callovian and the presence of hiati in the succession resulting from uplift and erosion.\r\n\tAlso in 1926 Spath published several short notes dealing with the Jurassic ammonites of Yorkshire, one of which concerns the zonation of the Callovian and Divesian (now all Callovian). \r\n In this Spath criticised the zonation proposed by Buckman (1913) and the deliberate misspelling of \"Kelloways Rock\" by previous workers. \r\n He proposed that a new name should be used for these beds such as Castle Hill Beds or Hackness Rock. \r\n In fact the latter name suggested had already been used as an alternative for \"Kelloways Rock\" by Smith (1832), originating from the village of Hackness where he lived.\r\n\tThe major hiatus present in the middle Callovian of Yorkshire was first identified by Spath (1933). \r\n Based on his observations at the coast he concluded that between the Kellaways and Hackness Rock there is a probable gap spanning from upper \r\ncalloviense\r\n to lower \r\nathleta\r\n Zones. \r\n The recognition of this non-sequence was an important step to understanding the stratigraphy of this area.\r\n\tArkell (1933) reviewed previous work on the \"Kellaways Rock\" (except Spath 1933) and recognised the problems with Buckman's (1913) \"armchair\" approach to the ammonite zonal succession. \r\n He concluded that the lower unit of the \"Kellaways Rock\" found in Yorkshire is equivalent to the Kellaways Clay and possibly the lower portion of the Kellaways Rock of Wiltshire. \r\n However, it must be noted that the \"Kellaways Rock\" as used in this publication, and subsequently until Calloman (1955), included the Cayton Clay Formation. \r\n The name Hackness Rock was restricted to the fossiliferous upper portion of the \"Kellaways Rock\" (Yorks.) only. \r\n This new unit was regarded as equivalent to the Lower and Middle Oxford Clay and possibly the upper part of the Kellaways Rock (Wilts.).\r\n\tA very concise account of the Kellaways and Hackness rock was given in Wilson (1934), but no new information was presented. \r\n However, in 1936 Wilson documented previously undescribed inland exposures of Oxford Clay from a road cutting near High Hutton. \r\n These clays were considered to be of \r\nlamberti\r\n age, therefore representing lateral equivalents to the upper part of the Hackness Rock found to the north. \r\n Thus proving that Oxford Clay facies are present in parts of east Yorkshire stratigraphically earlier than had previously been thought.\r\n\tArkell (1945) published the first table detailing the relative stratigraphic positions of Jurassic strata found in Yorkshire calibrated by standard ammonite zones (fig.1.1.5). On this table the extent of the non-sequence between the \"Kellaways\" (including C.C.F.) and \"Hackness Rock\" was more accurately defined (\r\ncalloviense - \r\nupper \r\ncoronatum\r\n Zone). \r\n Additionally a further inland exposure of early Oxford Clay facies was described from Peckondale Hill (within 0.5 mile of Wilson's road cutting exposure). \r\n The clays here are the oldest representatives of these facies being of \r\ncoronatum \r\nage, illustrated as laterally equivalent in part to the Hackness Rock (\r\nsensu\r\n Arkell 1945).\r\nStudy post-1968\r\n: \r\n Wright (1968a) gave a very detailed account of this part of the Callovian succession, including 17 measured and dated sections from the area between the coast and Newtondale. \r\n A number of these sections provide the basis of the sample sections investigated in the present study. \r\n As a result of this, and earlier work (Wright 1965) the name Langdale Beds was proposed for strata of proven Middle Callovian age (\r\ncoronatum\r\n Zone, \r\ngrossouvrei \r\nSubzone) present in the area. \r\n Previously these beds appeared to have been encompassed within the lower part of the Hackness Rock (\r\nsensu \r\nArkell 1945). \r\n Also in this paper Wright (1968a) demonstrated the complex cross-cutting \r\nfig.1.1.9\r\nrelationships of the Kellaways-Langdale-Hackness beds, both along the coast (see fig.1.1.9), and inland. \r\n He deduced that this situation is due to the presence of two major unconformities located between the Kellaways Rock and the Langdale Beds, and the Langdale Beds and the Hackness Rock. \r\n These non-sequences can be amply illustrated by the sections at Red Cliff and Cunstone Nab on the coast. \r\n At Red Cliff, the Hackness Rock lies directly on the Kellaways Rock, the Langdale Beds being absent due to erosion (Langdale-Hackness unconformity). \r\n Secondly, at Cunstone Nab the Langdale Beds and Hackness Rock lie on the Cayton Clay Formation, the whole of the Kellaways Rock and some of the Cayton Clay Formation having been removed (Kellaways-Langdale unconformity). \r\n These overstepping relationships along the coast led Hudleston (1876) to believe that these beds thinned southwards.\r\n\tTo avoid confusion the three constituent members of the old \"Kelloways Rock\" will be treated separately under the titles Redcliff Rock Member (Kellaways Rock \r\nsensu\r\n Wright 1968a), Langdale Beds Member, and Hackness Rock Member. \r\n In 1977b Wright formally proposed the Osgodby Formation to encompass the three aforementioned members. \r\n The name was derived from Osgodby Nab (northern side), the type section of this formation and one of the sample sections investigated herein. \r\n Figure 1.1.12 shows the Wiltshire and Dorset succession compared with that of north-east Yorkshire as given by Calloman & Wright (1989).\r\nRedcliff Rock Member\r\n (RRM): \r\n The Kellaways Rock (\r\nsensu\r\n Wright 1968a) was given the symbol \r\nb\r\n, and divided into five sub-units, designated \r\nb\r\n1-\r\nb\r\n5, based on lithology (See table 1.1.2). \r\n Except for at Newtondale, these units are traceable over the whole area studied (Wright 1968a). \r\n The most distinctive of these units is \r\nb\r\n2, a fossiliferous chamosite oolite.\r\n\tThe precise age of the Kellaways Rock is difficult to determine due to the paucity of the cephalopod fauna. \r\n Despite this, from his own and previous studies of the few ammonites present Wright (1968a) was able to assign the whole unit a \r\n pre-\r\nenodatum\r\n Subzone (\r\ncalloviense \r\nZone) age.\r\n\tA further subdivision of this member was proposed by Wright (1977b) after a study of inland Callovian strata (excluding the Cornbrash) west of Newtondale. \r\n In the western Tabular Hills and the Danby Moor outlier the sands below \r\nb\r\n2 are thicker and more varied, this allowed Wright to divide them into \r\nb\r\n1a-\r\nb\r\n1d. \r\n This subdivision was tentatively continued into the Hambleton Hills where, in addition, \r\nb\r\n2 was also divided into \r\nb\r\n2a and \r\nb\r\n2b. Details of these subdivisions are not given here as they do not directly concern the present study. \r\n The first dated exposure of lower Callovian Kellaways Rock from the Howardian area, Burythorpe, was also described, although Wright was not able to fit the strata at this locality into the standard subdivisions used elsewhere.\r\nTable 1.1.2\r\n\tCalloman & Wright (1989) in a paper mainly concerned with ammonites, presented a more accurate stratigraphy of the area (fig.1.1.12). \r\n The Kellaways Rock was shown to be restricted to the lower \r\ncalloviense\r\n Zone, \r\nkoenigi \r\nSubzone. \r\n The correlations between Yorkshire and Wiltshire were also ammended with the upper part of the Kellaways Clay Member being equivalent to the lower part of the Kellaways Rock. \r\n Previously these clays had been thought of as older than the basal Kellaways Rock (Wright 1968a). \r\n Page (1989) renamed the Kellaways Rock Member the Redcliff Rock Member to make a clearer distinction between the these beds and the Kellaways Sand Member (=\"Kelloways Rock\" of Smith 1815) of Wiltshire (fig.1.1.7). \r\n Also he regarded the \"Kellaways Rock\" recorded at Burythorpe (Wright 1977b) as a transitional facies between the two, probably more closely related to the Kellaways Sands Member (fig.1.1.7). \r\n The type section of the Redcliff Rock Member is located at Red Cliff and is one of the sections investigated in the present study.\r\nLangdale Beds Member\r\n (LBM):\r\n \r\n The origin of this name comes from the valley of Langdale, near Hackness, which is the type area for this member. \r\n As with the Kellaways Beds this unit was designated a symbol, \r\ng\r\n, by Wright (1968a) and was further subdivided into \r\ng\r\n1-\r\ng\r\n3 based on lithology (See table 1.1.2). \r\n These sub-units are again traceable over a large area except for \r\ng\r\n3 which appears to be more restricted, positively identified in the Hackness area only. \r\n Although the sequence in this area was regarded as complete by Wright (1968a), nowhere were the junctions between the three units seen. Another important observation made was that the lithology of \r\ng\r\n1 found at the coast is atypical and variable. \r\n Because of this Wright (1968a, p.382)) stated that \"one can only be certain of the age of the sandstones at this level when they contain ammonites\". \r\n The most typical development of \r\ng\r\n1 on the coast is exposed at Cunstone Nab together with an excellent Middle Callovian macrofauna. \r\n Inland near Malton, strata slightly older than the Langdale Beds are present in Oxford Clay facies (Wright 1968b, See fig.1.1.11.and HRM)\r\n\tIn the area west of Newtondale Wright (1977b) noted that only \r\ng\r\n1 is normally seen, although at Fairystones Bridge \r\ng\r\n2 and \r\ng\r\n3 rest on Kellaways Rock with \r\ng\r\n1 absent, thus suggesting the possibility of some intra-formational erosion. \r\n In the Hambleton Hills these beds are not represented (Wright 1977b). \r\n Calloman & Wright (1989) illustrated the Langdale Beds to be \r\ngrossouvrei\r\n Subzone (upper \r\ncoronatum \r\nZone) in age, possibly extending up into the \r\nphaeinum\r\n Subzone (lowermost \r\nathleta \r\nZone) (fig. 1.1.12).\r\nHackness Rock Member\r\n (HRM):\r\n \r\n Wright (1968a) assigned this member the symbol \r\nd\r\n, but unlike the underlying two members, no subdivision was proposed. \r\n A generalised complete succession as found at the coast can be summarised as follows:-\r\n(Oxford Clay)\r\nUnit 3. \r\n Chamosite oolite of \r\nlamberti \r\nZone age often termed the \"\r\nlamberti\r\n oolite\"\r\nUnit 2. \r\n Chamosite oolite of \r\nathleta \r\nZone age often termed the \"\r\nathleta\r\n oolite\"\r\nUnit 1. \r\n Non oolitic beds usually of sandstone/marl of \r\nathleta\r\n age \r\n(Langdale Beds/Kellaways Rock)\r\n\tFigure 1.1.10 taken from Wright (1968a) shows the relationship of these units along the coast and the progressive overstep of the \"\r\nlamberti \r\noolite\". \r\n In some sections Wright (1968a) encountered problems in defining the upper limit, and in some instances the presence of the \"\r\nathleta\r\n oolite\" (eg. Osgodby Nab), especially in the absence of Unit 1.\r\n\tIn the southwest around Malton Wright (1968b) reinvestigated the earlier reports of Oxford Clay Facies at this level (Wilson 1936 & Arkell 1945) describing a dated section from the Peckondale Hill Brick Pit. \r\n Here clays of Middle (lower \r\ncoronatum \r\nZone) and Upper (\r\nathleta\r\n & \r\nlamberti\r\n Zone) Callovian overlie the Kellaways Rock. \r\n The Middle Callovian clays are slightly older than the Langdale Beds, and the upper Callovian clays appear to be laterally equivalent to the Hackness Rock (see fig.1.1.11).\r\n\tWright (1977b) observed that The Hackness rock west of Newtondale differs from that previously encountered. \r\n Here the entire succession is of calcareous sandstones passing westwards into marls and shales with the characteristic oolites found to the east not being developed. \r\n In the Hambleton Hills these beds rest on the Kellaways Rock, the Langdale Beds having been removed by erosion.\r\n\tCalloman & Wright (1989) assigned unit 1 (as given herein) an upper\r\n phaeinum\r\n (lower \r\nathleta \r\nZone) to middle \r\nproniae \r\nSubzone (middle \r\nathleta\r\n Zone) age, unit 2 (as given herein) a middle \r\nproniae\r\n to lower \r\nspinosum \r\nSubzone (upper \r\nathleta\r\n Zone) age, and unit 3 (as given herein) a \r\nlamberti \r\nSubzone (upper \r\nlamberti \r\nZone) age (fig.1.1.12). \r\n From this it can be seen that there is a major non-sequence present within the Hackness Rock, of at least 1.5 ammonite subzones in duration, in addition to those mentioned earlier.\r\nThe \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon\r\n:\r\n\tCardioceras paucicostatum \r\nwas defined by Marchand (1979) as the index taxon of the lowest horizon within the Oxfordian Stage. \r\n In most of northwestern Europe this horizon is absent (together with the \r\nscarburgense\r\n Subzone) representing a regional hiatus. \r\n In Yorkshire sediments of this age are preserved in small pockets of sediments (presumably originally occupying hollows) which have been largely overlooked by \r\nearly workers. \r\n Wright (1983) recorded \r\nC. paucicostatum \r\nin thin sandy silts overlying the \r\nfig.1.1.10\r\nfig.1.1.11\r\nfig.1.1.12\r\nHackness Rock at Cayton Bay Waterworks, Gristhorpe Cliffs and Cunstone Nab (Bed 5, Wright 1968a, p.384, 389). \r\n However, at the Lower Oxfordian Stratotype section in Cornelian Bay (Osgodby Nab, north side), the \r\npaucicostatum \r\nHorizon appears to be missing.\r\n\tCalloman & Wright (1989) illustrated the \r\npaucicostatum \r\nHorizon as being transitional to the Oxfordian (fig.1.1.12). \r\n Later, Wright (1992 \r\npers comm.\r\n, unpublished report to the N.C.C. Oxfordian Sites of Special Scientific Interest Review) expressed some concern arising from the absence of the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n \r\nHorizon from the Lower Oxfordian Stratotype section. \r\n However, this problem was resolved as \r\nCalloman (\r\npers. comm.\r\n) is stated to regard the \r\nC. paucicostatum\r\n fauna as representing the highest level of the Callovian Stage (uppermost \r\nlamberti \r\nZone). \r\n Therefore, according to these authors the Lower Oxfordian Stratotype section is complete, despite the absence of this horizon (See discussion in Chapter 3.6.3).\r\nOxford Clay Formation\r\n (Ox.C.F.):\r\nStudy pre-1968:\r\n \r\n This formation was first referred to as the \"clunch clay\" by Smith (1815). \r\n The derivation of Oxford Clay comes from the Oxford district where these clays are particularly well developed. \r\n The first worker to use this nomenclature was Buckland (1818) who used the term \"\r\nOxford\r\n, Forest or Fen \r\nClay\r\n\". \r\n It is important to note that the use of Oxford Clay for the Yorkshire succession is something of a misnomer, as only the upper Oxford Clay is represented. \r\n The lower and middle Oxford Clay equivalents being represented by the Langdale Beds and Hackness Rock Members respectively, (except for in the Malton district where Oxford Clay facies are present - see section on Osgodby Formation (HRM), Wilson 1936, Arkell 1945 and Wright 1968b)\r\n\tThe first relatively complete account of the Oxford Clay in Yorkshire was given by Hudleston (1876). \r\n In this he described the formation as a series of poorly fossiliferous sandy shales. \r\n The fossils were said to be badly preserved rendering identification difficult, most of the fossils were reported to have been collected in the first few feet above the \"Kelloway Rock\". \r\n The outcrop of the formation was also summarised with the thickness at the coast estimated as 140 ft Hudlestone 1876).\r\n\tFox-Strangways (1892) gave a much more extensive account of the distribution of this formation in Yorkshire, although some of the thicknesses given were not reliable, and the Howardian area was misinterpreted (Wright 1968b). \r\n Fox-Strangways (1892) echoed many of the views held by Hudleston (1876) and discussed the probable age of the formation.\r\n\tBuckman (1913) concluded incorrectly from his \"armchair\" study of the fossils as quoted by Fox-Strangways (1892) that the \"Kelloway Rock\" and Oxford Clay are not \r\nsequential deposits, and were in fact contemporaneous. Arkell (1933) discounted this view, his account being based on that of Fox-Strangways (1892).\r\n\tIn his 1945 paper Arkell noted that the change in lithology from Hackness Rock to Oxford Clay in Yorkshire corresponds with the faunal change from the Callovian to Oxfordian Stages. \r\n All the beds belonging to this formation exposed along the coast were assigned a \r\nscarburgense\r\n Subzone (lower \r\nmariae \r\nZone) age.\r\nStudy post-1968:\r\n \r\n Wright 1968a commented that although the \r\nscarburgense \r\nSubzone is present, most of the Oxford Clay found on the Yorkshire coast belongs to the \r\npraecordatum \r\nSubzone (upper \r\nmariae \r\nZone) and not the \r\nscarburgense\r\n Subzone as previously expressed (Arkell 1945)\r\n. \r\n It was also stated that the \r\nscarburgense \r\nSubzone like the Hackness Rock, is condensed. \r\n In 1969 Harland \r\net al.\r\n selected the section found on the north side of Osgodby Nab in Cornelian Bay as the Stratotype of the Lower Oxfordian Stage. \r\n Samples from this section are investigated herein.\r\nA similar comment had already been made by Wilson 1934 (p.279)\r\n\tThe only in-depth investigation of the Lower Oxfordian in Yorkshire was that of Wright 1983, which included accurate records of the occurrence of the \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon ([?latest Callovian]/lowermost Oxfordian, see previous sub-section), and the \r\nscarburgense\r\n and \r\npraecordatum\r\n Subzones. \r\n Thin beds (<0.5m) of \r\nscarburgense\r\n Subzone age were reported present at Osgodby Nab (containing phosphatised ammonites in a silty chamositic matrix, Wright 1968a, beds 10 & 11, p.382), where they overstep the \r\npaucicostatum \r\nHorizon, and at Cunstone Nab (silty clay, Wright 1968a, bed 6 p.389). \r\n Beds of this age are absent from the high Red Cliff area. \r\n In contrast the succeeding grey silty clays of \r\npraecordatum \r\nSubzone are approximately 37m thick (these beds thicken slightly from north to south) and are always present wherever the Oxford Clay is exposed along the coast. \r\n Inland exposures of the Oxford Clay tend to be thinner and less well exposed than at the coast. \r\n Near Hackness Wright (1983) recorded the thinnest expression of the Oxford Clay, only 15m, further inland to the west the formation becomes thicker once more attaining a maximum thickness of 27.5m in the Helmsley area.\r\n\tThe most recent work (Wright, unpublished M.S. \r\npers comm.\r\n 1992) form\r\ned\r\n part of the N.C.C. Oxfordian\r\n S.S.S.I. review. \r\n In this the s\r\ntratotype section at Cornelian Bay (Osgodby Nab, \r\nN\r\north side) \r\nis\r\n described in detail.\r\n \r\n The \r\npaucicostatum\r\n Horizon was also discussed (see previous section).\r\n", "vector_content": [ 0.028291827, 0.023410743, -0.015336323, 0.0061275708, -0.03135703, -0.031760752, 0.009787728, -0.010285721, -0.031600438, 0.041999023, 0.03550837, 0.03206674, 0.01832335, 0.012254629, -0.01138184, 0.023983628, -0.016235154, -0.016689794, 0.01293561, 0.008423843, 0.029997203, 0.009118013, -0.0049127466, 0.023272853, -0.004124812, 0.012037713, 0.008078459, 0.013866547, -0.016791094, -0.0062533207, 0.010040667, 0.0034137175, 0.030611085, 0.030541165, -0.005895056, -0.016505055, 0.017398793, -0.024313832, 0.00040442406, 0.006869656, 0.0027172856, 0.009754912, 0.019199679, 0.0066739246, 0.004593924, -0.026955033, -0.017526207, 0.003061017, -0.015065074, -0.01924893, 0.0008577507, -0.008007194, -0.0054819654, -0.006517411, 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