// StringCchTest.cpp : This file contains the 'main' function. Program execution begins and ends there.
//

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

int main()
{
	WCHAR szTestFileName1252[ ] = L"123 123456789012345678901234567.txt";
	WCHAR szTestFileName[ ] = L"\u672a\u66f4\u65b0 123456789012345678901234567.txt";
	CHAR szANSIFileName[ MAX_PATH ] = "";
	BOOL bUsedDefaultChar = FALSE;
	int iResult;
	HRESULT hr;

	// Testing with WideCharToMultiByte, to confirm that "bUsedDefaultChar = TRUE" occurs in situations
	// where the characters are not available in the current ANSI code page, but a successful string
	// with the "?" character substituted for each unsupported character is returned.

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	iResult =
		WideCharToMultiByte(
			CP_ACP, 0,
			szTestFileName, -1,
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			NULL, &bUsedDefaultChar );

	printf( "WideCharToMultiByte ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, iResult = %d, last error = %u, bUsedDefaultChar = %s.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), iResult, GetLastError( ), bUsedDefaultChar ? "TRUE" : "FALSE" );

	if ( ( 36 == iResult ) || ( 39 == iResult ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	bUsedDefaultChar = FALSE;
	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	iResult =
		WideCharToMultiByte(
			CP_ACP, 0,
			szTestFileName1252, -1,
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			NULL, &bUsedDefaultChar );

	printf( "WideCharToMultiByte ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName1252 ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, iResult = %d, last error = %u, bUsedDefaultChar = %s.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName1252 ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), iResult, GetLastError( ), bUsedDefaultChar ? "TRUE" : "FALSE" );

	if ( ( 36 == iResult ) || ( 39 == iResult ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	// Testing with StringCchPrintfA, which is in the family of strsafe.h APIs
	// we actually intend to use in NCNetProvider's DbgPrintMessage.

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	hr =
		StringCchPrintfA(
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			"%ls", szTestFileName );

	printf( "StringCchPrintfA ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, HRESULT = 0x%08X, last error = %u.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), hr, GetLastError( ) );

	if ( SUCCEEDED( hr ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	hr =
		StringCchPrintfA(
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			"%ls", szTestFileName1252 );

	printf( "StringCchPrintfA ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName1252 ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, HRESULT = 0x%08X, last error = %u.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName1252 ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), hr, GetLastError( ) );

	if ( SUCCEEDED( hr ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	// Testing with _snprintf_s_l, which is in the same family of CRT calls
	// that StringCchPrintfA uses internally to implement the actual printing.
	// So here we are calling it directly, instead of through StringCchPrintfA.

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	_locale_t locale = _get_current_locale( );

	iResult = 
		_snprintf_s_l(
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			"%ls", locale, szTestFileName );

	printf( "_snprintf_s_l ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, iResult = %d, last error = %u.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), iResult, GetLastError( ) );

	if ( ( 35 == iResult ) || ( 36 == iResult ) || ( 38 == iResult ) || ( 39 == iResult ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	_free_locale( locale );

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	iResult =
		_snprintf_s(
			szANSIFileName, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ),
			"%ls", szTestFileName );

	printf( "_snprintf_s ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, iResult = %d, last error = %u.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), iResult, GetLastError( ) );

	if ( ( 35 == iResult ) || ( 36 == iResult ) || ( 38 == iResult ) || ( 39 == iResult ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	// Test with the Windows platform wsprintfA instead of a CRT function.

	szANSIFileName[ 0 ] = '\0';
	szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] = '\0';

	iResult =
		wsprintfA(
			szANSIFileName,
			"%ls", szTestFileName );

	printf( "wsprintfA ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ) = %u, ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) = %u, iResult = %d, last error = %u.\n",
		ARRAYSIZE( szTestFileName ), ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ), iResult, GetLastError( ) );

	if ( ( 35 == iResult ) || ( 36 == iResult ) || ( 38 == iResult ) || ( 39 == iResult ) )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: \"%s\".\n", szANSIFileName );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ 0 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at start.\n" );
	else if ( !szANSIFileName[ ARRAYSIZE( szANSIFileName ) - 1 ] )
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: Still NULL terminated at end.\n" );
	else
		printf( "Resulting ANSI string is: No longer NULL terminated.\n" );

	return 0;
}

// Run program: Ctrl + F5 or Debug > Start Without Debugging menu
// Debug program: F5 or Debug > Start Debugging menu

// Tips for Getting Started: 
//   1. Use the Solution Explorer window to add/manage files
//   2. Use the Team Explorer window to connect to source control
//   3. Use the Output window to see build output and other messages
//   4. Use the Error List window to view errors
//   5. Go to Project > Add New Item to create new code files, or Project > Add Existing Item to add existing code files to the project
//   6. In the future, to open this project again, go to File > Open > Project and select the .sln file